陕西省咸阳市实验中学2019-2020学年八年级下学期第一次月考生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>分解者在生态系统中的作用是( )<br>A.制造有机物 B.吃掉有机物 C.分解有机物 D.转化光能<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/e772ad578ebd4fafacb2ff0c60e6411e/D7C9A679F3C72D4F1064B7D0A0FD4AD8.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>食物链的起点和终点分别是( )<br>A.起点是任何一种生物,终点是任何一种生物<br>B.起点是绿色植物,终点是消费者<br>C.起点是绿色植物,终点是分解者<br>D.起点是无机环境,终点是分解者<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/c71b7e089b6a446ebf5dcde3bf1f196d/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/0b29bcec1de24b1bb7b85bb94170811e/AB0BA91736A09DD451AC802C5463B055.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各项中,可看作是一个生态系统的是( )<br>A.洹河里的所有的鱼 B.洹河里的所有的动物<br>C.洹河里所有的生物 D.整个洹河<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/882c4541c3f84c5a97bb36a2bfc3ed19/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/ff02d5f9a12b4bbab388a01abd670034/E32FEB5303A8B0644521952D95C1A70C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>食物网具有的特征是( )<br>A.每一种生物都被多种生物捕食<br>B.有许多相互联系的食物链<br>C.每一种动物可以吃多种植物<br>D.每一种生物都位于一条食物链上<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8e8040b23dc648418c12431cb9cf7b2b/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/29715d89570f4f9fac5e4e7bc937e9a9/A1D05C1CB0F07A5D3EB4769491C21197.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>单位时间内人口的增长速度与下列哪一项密切相关( )<br>A.人们的生活水平 B.人们的思想水平<br>C.人口的密度 D.出生率和死亡率<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/89570076864642d095822420fe436b0c/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/c0b46181d48644c09c222ab435ca0dd9/8DDC0D76BD5825A5F6C62D5AB973314E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列能表明空气质量良好的一顶是( )<br>A.API≤50 B.50<API≤100<br>C.100<API≤200 D.API>200<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8e88112c29564be4b3f87e8957743dab/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/20675414fa7d4eba909577cb45439248/76F4A6A27E6E88EA6946705ADE2F29C6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>北方地区冬季施工加入的防冻剂中,会慢慢涌出的有毒物质是( )<br>A.氨 B.氡 C.甲醛 D.甲苯<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/ef1c9e501fe84064a8edea971e4e79e5/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/9d95ce2c73ab404294ad94e8e6b999d6/F150EA3689DE6F117706271B9750F9A4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>在生态系统中,能量的最终来源是( )<br>A.土壤 B.动物 C.植物 D.阳光<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/04cf1bc59e494adc8193b2a2da8bd507/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/859d9b7e2b544831bf11779ba3820c6e/463C6B91D68A336B4CE742C9D803BBB7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>人类生存与发展最基本的物质条件指( )<br>A.粮食 B.土地 C.淡水 D.能源<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/1b76bfc31c08435fa4ac6128fcae1caf/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/d3bacc1c4e8d40f9995c4fafd1786eee/01211B30DC46673705502F31217E1EEB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>城市生态系统的主体是( )<br>A.人 B.绿色植物 C.高楼大厦 D.汽车<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/5c3484f604e34f9a9833749dbbcfa65e/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/4a74ea7e97a24216afd0285e72af001d/2234AE19437DCC892A78F57BF5AC675F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>造成酸雨的主要气体是( )<br>A.二氧化碳 B.二氧化硫 C.一氧化碳 D.臭氧<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/8889231b0ba54c14ab549d7d84659734/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/33268dbe782942cda8cd8d06bf96c9d5/A7E0A6B35E459A95E661E724FDB093F4.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>请用人、浮游植物、鲈鱼、浮游动物四种生物写一条食物链______________________,其中数量最多的是____________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/7cc8f04285bf44a79ae818d4b3306390/F09AF4A8BE13EEEA18887F0DE5BB1C50.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/c1ab5ef2f50340dd9a23cf807bfb7580/842916D8D548CAD37636AFF8CEBB8527.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>______和______是生态系统的重要功能。生态系统要完成这些功能是沿着______和______进行的。 <br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/95ccac126abe4317a481a5c05de87f6b/34E6E10F7F3584D4E039216C8E200711.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/9396eff8de2145df998ed09518846ff3/5DB6DD3F664A3DFD390F14D0344A5C40.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>生态系统的稳定性是由于生态系统具有____________________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/a2713a4ae06043da9266b49a9982a53c/1EA51EBB605744FE2FACDE449A19E727.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/202e1ac276cd4439aa525c719bf54555/E3EC6D4100A45253526816DB04179197.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>一个生态系统由<br>______<br>、<br>______<br>、<br>______<br>和<br>______<br>四部分组成。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/2f58492dd0fc4ccfa6ee997c9019ca7f/348358854ADD8BCBE134A1E97AE2CA8E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/b2cfcda5daf14fee863657e78f90cc07/BA8FE59ABD4E953AC7378CEDEBD6ECC9.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>过量的人口会造成对______、______、______、______等的需求不断加大。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/50fdb34e5cfa4c8c906be6d321f79c23/BF0F72C600A3146DCCF8215845A517CC.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/ef8d9ae1a31b444f8a533c91877d43a8/ED3E88E56CB47761DCEBC53BF1A30206.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>为了控制人口______,提高人口______。我国把提倡实行______作为一项基本国策。它的基本要求是______、_______、_______和_______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/508f92cd1d6b49aca37eee27b5857fdd/FA1D0137085D822624F502F0275F01F2.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/f46b637b560445498fad9535d0fef873/D53C66132587FB52FA9483AB939BAC89.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>专家预测,到____年世界人口将超过100亿。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/0673014a49b84a7d8edb160e3b67e1a0/8302E3594426ACFEFADEAFA6702A623A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/fda732fe829942b29aeb71c4e523b977/58E008740EF0B48808E7A81F3B284424.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>室内装饰材料及家具的污染是目前造成_______的主要方面。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/a784c7661d7d4a1fa8933cb1b5123b8a/3AE99111DFADD2D7F824A8F05E59DC60.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/a9c6976f19174135a76bbbfccdf7028d/3C7B6D464A3039116B6F019AC2FD4274.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>城市生态系统是一个复杂的______生态系统。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/2d447f8ab8414780a70048dc9f9940f9/34FD78783C6196DAE402C43008852FD7.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/c3ef0b5b2bc74558b0c603aac648a860/2EE1435865A807F423FD31AFDE3131D7.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>_______生态系统是进行农业生产的场所。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/2db627b162be4d68bf2796900f376cb2/3816E23286436460F9A13D1DD24C1A27.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/e6459533e4f346eeb49623b9f075f930/43DD168AD302E50BD5FDBE14A22C1F5B.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>农作物秸秆在沼气池中发酵产生的沼气,它的能量来源于_______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/b088efb1dad94488a05d001e1ee6e4c5/CB0A1EBC6BC8FC84F0830045FC7AA364.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/aa21d0e53c894cc0966606d7a9b779f9/8182A6795FFA5A19A6DB3E96C2A43184.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>破坏生态系统的因素有_____因素和_____因素两大类,其中,______因素对生态系统的影响最大。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/7e4e14bd903745ac9b4d0856b17cd558/E8D6260CC5281FF44FF6FE887F6BB602.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/35ea7f060ffc4c81ac85f9d47ddc08e7/D6CEEC653306176D344F665507B9CA74.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>生态系统中的非生物成分可为生物提供必要的物质和能量。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/9ae9a6f42b8b41b79abe425b0e4842c1/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/3bdf568006434ac398841895032343df/B27B817B4942FAB856CC5A991EEC8FB9.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>生态系统的自动调节能力大小与其结构复杂程度成正比。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/87c0b70b2b714dbe80c45f2cdaabf668/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/2181c8e7dc5e472bb3ad7bd8e73d3853/58DC903CBB7C82F4DFCA88FB3445E6B7.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>动物不能自己制造有机物,所以在生态系统中可有可无。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/9eee9970f17945b998297287a121cf04/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/c19115d0f0c1472aa5d38aab7bef7bd3/1D4273E9B93DCB835A9558A2E636A7FE.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>每一个生态系统都是与周围的其他生态系统相关联的,不是各自独立的。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/3cc4072d3a2c4f9da73c9ed11dd960cf/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7e1f1ebc947e4215b26f6cc018bdba47/231345F2A6941A51887945E4C6488EEC.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>生态系统具有一定的自动调节能力,这样可使生态系统中和各种生物的数量恒定不变。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/ef3d73a5f7fa439fae8ea994b8bc294f/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/c20d8c2373c64be185c651f1f0df710b/06DE2A7BD21CF8D52F3C3A8E672F33E9.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>霉菌能使面包等食品发霉,所以是一种对人类毫无用处的有害生物。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/c6d11ac4ad644c8895ab186102e793a5/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/502f9c2580b44b0da5123415fe6056f9/96C60E8C06A98F4F3E13FFDA9BF4B62E.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>保护、建设好社区环境就是为美化城市环境做贡献。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/20e5c7999ffb457a91d8f7f34243e94f/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/9e1f12d6f0cd4604a2b70e8c5c49ddf1/C75987139DEEF84B64D315B42FCE3977.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>家中饲养宠物猫、狗等,有利于人与动物的协调,有利于人的身心健康。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/5e81c7d33844437eb843da8f3584010d/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/745b546a91584c00ad9d7cc90fba437e/63AC714A2544E1E2CE471C44C67301DF.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>给农作物施肥时,只施化肥不施农家肥,可减少环境污染。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/a1b2f769a36c4d5b823620ee09e57896/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/0c91eab0af614271b63610db2a7e82dd/8ABED2B0F3C3460AC43225CBA6C87F99.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：容易<br>在“一对夫妇只生一个孩子”的前提下,早婚、早育是可以的。( )<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/86b7dcd18f534ea79c005dd16b054e6e/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/52773f3f8df34d248fa867c00cf60643/22B2223BDBF9135C13CE852DBAFEA9F7.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>下图是某生态系统的食物网示意图,请据图回答:<br><img 1.从图中可看出,生产者是_______,各种动物是_______,它们之间的关系主要是________关系,这样就形成了__________。<br>2.该生态系统有_____条食物链,最长的一条食物链可表示为______________________。很多条食物链彼此交错就构成了__________。3.如果大量捕杀蛇,那么鹰的数量在一定时间内将先________后________。<br>4.在这个生态系统中,数量最多的生物是________,数量最少的生物是________。<br>5.________的生长状况对于生态系统内的生态平衡的维持起着最为重要的作用。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/f227df44c2464c4aaa9d4028d7de28f5/823F7F2F307E77928E192364A8F17F3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/b652829736864590a4de30fbc027887b/DD84B6D77347093B17BD2CCE843B0406.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：中等<br>下图是某生态系统中部分生物构成的食物网,据图分析回答:<br><img 1.图中共有食物链____条。<br>2.图中生产者指________。<br>3.图中B和A的关系是____________。<br>4.除图中表示的成分外,生态系统的其他组成成分还有________和____________。<br>5.若该生态系统被DDT污染,则含DDT最多的生物是_______,原因是__________________。<br>6.图中最长的含生物C的食物链是_____________________。<br>7.若F被大量捕杀,短期内数量增加的生物有________,生物G将____________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/556b13ace41b4228b45e214565ff6323/F8E323C6AA938B592E35922813E58773.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2012/db750feb06fd4926a95f3c2615b5ff76/EA669221C7A20FD3BBD1A7099130D60E.png"><br><br>
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