甘肃省白银市2018-2019学年七年级上学期期中生物试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列不属于生命现象的是( )<br>A.花开花落 B.春笋破土而出<br>C.馒头上长出“白毛” D.潮涨潮落<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/3a44f204677a491bbb0b376a52e3d55c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/d66d57fec78d48669c86b24e12e6d14b/8ED878041DBA8A2DA641C3E9E5BA7EA2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>用下表中的四台显微镜观察洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞,视野中细胞数目最多的可能是哪一台?( )<br><tbody><br>显微镜序号<br>目镜<br>物镜<br>A<br>20×<br>45×<br>B<br>15×<br>10×<br>C<br>10×<br>40×<br>D<br>5×<br>8×<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9cdda7b5dde545eba90f334ebe9aacb6/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/903d3bc0eb504a2fbbbc1e8b4ce4c0bf/CEFABF3529354386D30BA111B74531EC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>“大树下面好乘凉”是因为植物的蒸腾作用能增加大气的湿度,降低环境的温度。这说明( )<br>A.植物生长需要蒸腾作用 B.生物能适应环境<br>C.生物能影响环境 D.空气会影响植物的生存<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/10321a2d20624c028bbde0c6f88a39e0/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/809cb9e9e2cb484696232a6ba6a8c021/8D856A6E4D89670DAB1413C7AEB0DA20.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>小李同学选用10×的目镜和40×的物镜,观察口腔上皮细胞临时装片,这时显微镜的放大倍数是( ) A.10倍 B.40倍 C.50倍 D.400倍<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/34ecd00f38ae4248bb5314fe37ef5b12/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/2961132bacb64fc98c6670b6d01487b1/98FD8F5596C22850F11012E464A4F007.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>解决下列问题与生物学的发展没有直接关系的是( )<br>A.资源匮乏 B.环境污染 C.粮食短缺 D.导弹发射<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1ea0789bc1e547e9a2087437f51031d8/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/46445e3fdcde41d1b6884776b74946bc/7C8CC994D60258C1104DCA11FCCB0E7D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>植物细胞分裂过程的正确顺序是( )<br>①细胞质平分为二,各含一个细胞核②在细胞中央形成新的细胞膜和细胞壁③细胞核平分成两个。A.②①③ B.①②③ C.①③② D.③①②<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a014b819bdc440a5914830adf58a6a7a/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/0cf1ea378c054b949e718119e101d94a/AAA46B5A4E1AAAEDC7869B8CEAF9E824.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>如图中的甲、乙分别代表动物细胞和植物细胞,图中B区代表它们之间的共同点。则B区含有下列哪些细胞结构( )<br>①细胞壁 ②细胞膜 ③细胞质 ④细胞核 ⑤叶绿体 ⑥液泡<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/5/13/5517EDC00818A180F8759C5D88FB61D8.png"><br>A.①⑤⑥ B.②③④ C.②③⑦ D.①⑥<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/eb5cbb7e13a243299f7efffc814fc313/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/65f2872393154852b364e3930f6d27eb/9F6BA87AFF2D7ADD5579C2E3A7A54C4A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>当低倍镜换为高倍镜后( )<br>A.细胞数量变多,视野变暗<br>B.细胞数量变多,视野变亮<br>C.细胞数量变少,视野变暗<br>D.细胞数量变少,视野变亮<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/6d5dc20b8f7d4dd38d9ebe26763d2e6e/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/9f29d83f89cf48a2a2e98dab0eaaa99e/BE8E4281F65AD69D0374C835E4EE8ED2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>取一个成熟的番茄果实,用开水烫过,会在其表面撕下一层皮,这层皮属于( )<br>A.机械组织 B.保护组织 C.输导组织 D.营养组织<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7199ba99e4a741988e57480200410cd2/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/18638613ae0b46a4bc3ec074852d6f76/98490DBBF62675B6A4AC98C0753893AF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的科学家是( )<br>A.孟德尔 B.袁隆平 C.达尔文 D.李时珍<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a4dc0f99d90b46698a74e6bf64fbdda5/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/7507201431524a03b4e2497adad59307/AC252DE9070F08B6D73E16E7E7A7A8C5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>一块农田里,影响小麦生活的生物因素是( )<br>A.水分 B.土壤 C.温度 D.杂草<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/1cfe2293e8d04f6f87fa672deec89892/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a1b665d896314703811b4c5fad2ee0ee/919EB3528C33F438C09B1C06E4B2F439.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>使用下列四组显微镜的镜头,观察同一标本看到细胞数目最少的是( )<br>A.目镜5×,物镜10× B.目镜10×,物镜40×<br>C.目镜15×,物镜10× D.目镜5×,物镜40×<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8379e6f4dc634b11a7e8ebb8bf668108/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/ab497a55bedd4975aba734dd73d716a7/6533B9E8CD3E0A04DAE82E357A16A9B5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>某同学正在使用显微镜,在低倍镜视野中看到的图象如图,他想将物像移到视野正中央,应将玻片( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/5/13/196D48A0ED3D854D7A415DA9BA036D0F.png"><br>A.向左上移动 B.向右上移动 C.向左下移动 D.向右下移动<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/cc110b6ac7724257af8bd852e22b82d0/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/8407671de2034113817bd23b05369fac/91BA36514F006053C69486943CE9B203.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>植物生长在有毒害的环境中而不会死亡,其中起重要作用的细胞结构是( )<br>A.细胞膜 B.细胞质 C.细胞核 D.细胞壁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/159d1ae75ad84618b73aaccdf2dee6ce/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/eb6e2f51b36e440dba2aa26fed45dd51/7A21EB84A83CB65337191F23690E40C7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于人体的四种基本组织中,具有营养、连接、支持和保护功能的组织是( )<br>A.上皮组织 B.结缔组织 C.肌肉组织 D.神经组织<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/cfb7878ad9744ed9a7fe6c82eef533b3/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a0f8b5702a5f4f5f82397b5be614599b/E2C060886B2D54A831ABEF603D7113B4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列有关玻片标本制作的操作过程,顺序正确的是( )<br>①盖上盖玻片;②将生物材料放入水滴中;③用吸水纸吸去多余的水;④在载玻片中央滴一滴清水。A.④②①③ B.④③②① C.①②③④ D.③①②④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/97ff4782d10a4ff19cf69f28b05a3739/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/825a99cfce4f4f8ea63c2eeae8a96b3f/C4D5EDDFE069170059C5BCD8217A4743.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>在细胞中,能将有机物中的能量释放出来供细胞利用的结构是( )<br>A.叶绿体 B.线粒体 C.细胞核 D.细胞膜<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/2b603ed67e4141b9b60ab32683f63fc5/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/71972c26696049e499340993cfe58fe8/E5250599BDA051939C86C6AA0090028C.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>在自然界中,有<br>的物体叫生物,根据他们的形态,结构特征主要分为<br>、<br>和<br>三大类。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/d592aca313824ac4966ec9db184c4432/731312B445688E76F7A92970D392E0CE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f5165f77930c4c3d99e453a7f1b119a3/75BB1E8829DA466C611E49644DC80E6C.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>细胞是生物体的<br>基本单位,细胞的基本结构包括<br>、<br>、<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/a26bce0850734c70b3649c0be609b9d0/EEFB4586C00A078A48D3130BBEF050BC.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a7bf3a4bf14b4032aa74af93625edbd1/A2EE39AD88BB011C04C09EF016E51636.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>环境中直接影响生物生活的各种因素叫做<br>。它可以分为<br>因素和<br>因素。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/3f9f72705d8d4ed799561b628737048d/77F8C47128583290C0B75642D9FCAFE7.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/2acdd271ac844f8c91b787fcc477da51/A9CCA652D4EBC2BC40504FA6A0A54BF6.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>形态相似、结构相同的细胞联合在一起,具有一定功能,这样的细胞群叫做<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/44c6c311cfbc41d1b67a6149c31cf3d2/C34986518E724C8B5D3AC3AEF963499C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3129444287294e488bd29c0f32d3f198/678446DE872B58B16B58FBEAF9EDAED9.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>在制作人的口腔上皮细胞和洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞的临时<br>玻<br>片标本时,在载玻片上滴加的液体分别是<br>和<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b034f3108e3f42b8b4d54cc6aa958f83/E06EB5DD784C21CA5CEDF2BB254FA980.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f21bab5991604cc387292ec27cb896ec/0379BF28DB1A2FC49C816E5C13870149.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>生物体由小长大是因为<br>和<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/982c59fbf62b4a27924b404d009ea352/09AA117DABB30C9ACC98AAFA253AEBCD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/09b9700e7b2f44e2a0cfa5e8cbe76ed2/3BB528F2157988CB71082CBF6406FC26.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>科学探究的一般方法包括<br>、<br>、<br>、<br>、<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/0cd0db5b80724854a6b3905cccbc97f6/211D261E7140C01FCC0C9D4AB11DFBFC.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/cefabb2abbdf4f3480e4510f95985012/DD19A21296B6E7F59357C884E8433B83.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>科学研究表明:植物细胞的形态多种多样,结构互不相同。<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/9cba104046084b7ab508d83af460f35e/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/05c2bed6751c43fa8f770bb0cde65f89/48081A4D7017BB40206AFDEAAC38B8F4.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>生物体都能适应各种环境并影响环境。<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/65a075c083fa4100a02b27643cc1f598/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/61c96c77915243c1b57db5b96972bd77/75D40857FE6257DD81B376A551909EBF.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>研究动、植物生命现象和生命活动规律的科学叫做生物学。<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/8523f812006541619d7cd8062b6c8301/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/3ef032de55f0439ba2a64f18c3e95098/CDCA2C29BB5522D9D5892584999572B8.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>在科学探究中,提出的假设总是与实验结果相一致。<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/29ade905772a400b80455bf030ae79a9/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5865cb549a8c4b76af200445f9e160d6/43656181E5B3A09152238D4C8D5A503C.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>对照实验中可以有一个变量也可以有多个变量<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/c4ae4b268bad43ea9127ad1e881104db/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/f3ee668cd98d4d37bf19444a960eeef4/8B5E5F41E3A46F617631BEA43894213C.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：较易<br>所有的植物细胞中都具有叶绿体。<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/734a9e30012244e98989bfd6a39dbb5f/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/a82d3b988c4746f0822c9218798d49d9/849904F441774CE277DBFD7773FAE030.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>只有动物才能对外界刺激产生一定的反应<br>(<br>判断对错<br>)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/7b606431f3b44434922dbc9273132096/1BF6542C45D8F9CAF60E902F8E776A20.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/75ac583067ef4cc88701ae1ee2a627e7/E8A756DE95880F83DD6DDE19688D5D3F.png"><br><br>※题型：判断题※知识点：判断题※试题难度：中等<br>同种生物细胞中染色体的结构都是一样的。<br>。(判断对错)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/77089c738875497eb36a10af141f4029/1571767E7D00EDF0367E5DB18F5CF334.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/c316f6e30941463dbfc63a9b82c1eb56/50DEF89C684001D69A11C621335E440D.png"><br><br>※题型：连线题※知识点：连线题※试题难度：中等<br>如果把“细胞”比喻成一座“工厂”。<br>A<br>.<br>线粒体 <br>①<br>“<br>调控中心<br>”<br>B<br>.<br>细胞核 <br>②<br>“<br>动力车间<br>”<br>C<br>.<br>叶绿体 <br>③<br>“<br>围墙<br>”<br>D<br>.<br>细胞膜 <br>④<br>“<br>生产车间<br>”<br>E<br>.<br>细胞壁 <br>⑤<br>“<br>门卫<br>”<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/e185eed757db4c5b961c4e20cfe02cdb/D23DB16EF40E8CFCD075D2957BB2863F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/225eb3ee5ed943059b020c9c5609e88b/8C754E24025BF82190EE580CD4F67721.png"><br><br>※题型：读图填空题※知识点：读图填空题※试题难度：较易<br>显微镜是生命科学研究中使用的重要仪器。根据显微镜结构示意图,回答下列问题。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/5/13/9A377444A1069D0B5E11017FF33C204D.png"><br>1.取送显微镜时,要一手握,一手托。<br>2.转动粗准焦螺旋使物镜下降时,眼睛一定要看着,以免物镜碰到玻片标本。<br>3.图中表示的物镜的镜头是(填标号)。标号9所表示的结构叫做。<br>4.对光时,转动转换器使对准通光孔。<br>5.与调节光线强弱有关的结构是和。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2020/b48f904655cf4e8ca0eb72ec0195918b/46B38CB6F0A9B5CF7E9159B8EFC8FAC1.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2020/5896f0514ef0479794069365a799959b/091BA331A0922A7C4B04370BFD20C7D8.png"><br><br>
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