黑龙江省大庆市2018年中考生物试题
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在实验设计中,不能作为对照的一组是( )<br>A.25℃和0℃ B.有空气和无空气<br>C.温度和水分 D.有光和无光<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/b39a52eee75445948643f4f7ebd4a910/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/6a8a67ada359412d86ef81272c374dd6/146AF29684E63E34BD2EF028C719BDED.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>使用光学显微镜观察物体时,要求被观察的材料一定是( )<br>A.新鲜的 B.完整的 C.薄而透明的 D.干燥的<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/92e890564de148e185f62f1462e7a69b/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/ea78539646f649999ac2fce615826b89/1C3926CF5FCEA2D8AC4CBDCE961E03E0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>根据所学的知识判断,下列说法正确的是( )<br>A.细胞能够从周围环境中吸收营养物质而持续生长<br>B.细胞分裂过程中染色体先复制加倍再均等分配到两个子细胞中<br>C.多细胞生物体内有很多体细胞,体细胞中的染色体数目各不相同<br>D.细胞分裂后,新细胞与原细胞所含的遗传物质是不一样的<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/dacedbc627ce44e8b860f42473ed4784/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/b52eacb44fc24fcead11328926244686/6E9DBB6A5A4F664F2E3DB0FC63A795E7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列组织中,具有营养、连接、支持和保护功能的是( )<br>A.上皮组织 B.结缔组织 C.肌肉组织 D.神经组织<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/83e3cf67e4f54f9c82617f2ce5253b36/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/82db672b9a1542eeb51aa0b74eefa1f7/949115665AB7D6CA9D0D0C25E94A31F6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>观察草履虫实验,用吸管从草履虫的培养液中吸取草履虫的最好部位是( )<br>A.培养液的下层 B.培养液的中层<br>C.培养液的表层 D.培养液的任意部分<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/38624bcd78504fcb8f9591c4b28f6422/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/cd66711e0c6f4f4e92a978f53d0bb2ff/88A414FB9D45B92D6E4E1EAC9F0780E3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>“检验绿叶在光下制造有机物”的第一步是将植物放在黑暗处一昼夜,其目的是( )<br>A.提高光合作用的效率<br>B.消耗、运走叶片内储存的淀粉<br>C.储备光合作用的原料<br>D.消耗叶内的叶绿素<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/c0288eac527a4109a9a592b283686506/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/630e231b048f4160b85b85623ebea9ed/E34A1B7F263730AFEBAA0033AFAB8399.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>胎儿与母体进行物质交换的结构是( )<br>A.子宫内膜 B.输卵管 C.羊水 D.胎盘<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/4BD94BAB982E5E3218D56FC21A4269D7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>老年人易患骨质疏松症,原因是骨中缺少了( )<br>A.蛋白质 B.铁 C.维生素C D.钙<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/db395bc184ca428aa5bdde5fc0d19a49/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/ee5e8aa5e6e747c9a8ca00a6072995db/CDDC3A60BFEEB8DBD814E990B2DE3942.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>绿色食品是指( )<br>A.绝对没有一点污染的食品<br>B.绿颜色的食品<br>C.产自良好环境、无污染、安全、优质的食品<br>D.罐装密封的食品<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/66b489ad248c4d9384cf27c05e4876aa/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/d0b7e6227a68443cba25c561036e8ddb/F3507FD3B0F17AE8BAA836BD4D231235.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>人在吸气时,膈肌顶部( )<br>A.上升 B.不动 C.下降 D.左右移动<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/59d1443bc1f74e249103d0ead4483173/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/d6259c6f82494e7b91f96c3db1b7a5a1/8BD1051BA29EC120903F9A0896FAED0F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>小明得了急性阑尾炎,到医院做血常规化验,他的化验结果中哪项会高于正常值( )<br>A.血浆 B.红细胞 C.白细胞 D.血小板<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/bf78c26e9ae842a99ef30bb954e1ffd3/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/2f495a5dc04b4987b79d44954faf00ef/817CEFF51016C39BBC6937C58FD72346.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>输血应以输同型血为原则,否则,输血后,受血者的某种血细胞会凝集成团,阻碍血液循环,后果严重。这种血细胞是( )<br>A.红细胞 B.白细胞 C.血小板 D.血浆<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/87449555F53E8C5725F0C20FFD4C5B55.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>如图是肾单位模式图,其中②内形成的液体是( )。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/5/15/18AB0608025F93CBDC6D032C5DFE1E65.png"><br>A.血液 B.血浆 C.原尿 D.尿液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/475e4aa1a88443f397b4197b9768e6a7/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/77d2d6029b354a498f0912d1fd60c3dd/EE765FB405A7AF4E11B3DA02B62839D3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下表所示神经系统结构与功能相对应,不正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>结构<br>功能<br>A<br>脊髓<br>反射、传导<br>B<br>大脑<br>调节人体生命活动的最高级中枢<br>C<br>小脑<br>协调运动,维持身体平衡<br>D<br>脑干<br>调节心跳、血压、呼吸、运动等<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/4a180d322bdd4b8e8118dc39a49074a1/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/e66830b667234eb2a1e39895aa544c67/17653A9384AA1D5242DEE83605B549B8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>不同种类的动物具有不同的呼吸器官,下列属于鱼类呼吸器官的是( )<br>A.气管 B.气囊 C.鳃 D.皮肤<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/f41c1bc407a846c19559840a9f2eaa9e/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/0b84ae890bd140ff8fb17b5166c34395/661048F11D8C76094526D81991DB7C51.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>生物分类的各种等级中,表示生物之间亲缘关系最近的是( )<br>A.纲 B.科 C.属 D.种<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/a2cffdf2afba4e56afeeb2527a32f0df/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/75bdf812238d4d479759bd05b3a90566/E1E3D7FCAAD1681B7D2F35F05D89CBE9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>保护生物多样性最有效的措施是( )<br>A.建立自然保护区 B.制定更完善的法律<br>C.建立濒危物种的种质库 D.引进更多外来物种<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/173a96f6190a40f581bf7840f8c5bdda/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/f9d9e3216688464b8ce6fc7ad9a356fc/F4A71AF90C90B5C8E92A7D856FB47410.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于基因、DNA、染色体关系的叙述,错误的是( )<br>A.染色体主要是由DNA分子和蛋白质分子构成<br>B.基因是具有遗传效应的DNA片段<br>C.每条DNA分子上会有很多个基因<br>D.每条染色体上有很多个DNA分子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/9c87a5f67454423391de3511d0e0866e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/0da2d1b814ad4c758015a93aa05dce92/75C70DE1A4E8E4F0C6FC89C5A0FE5962.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于生物进化总趋势的叙述,不合理的是( )<br>A.从单细胞生物到多细胞生物<br>B.从体型小的生物到体型大的生物<br>C.从结构简单的生物到结构复杂的生物<br>D.从低等生物到高等生物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/0a32f3b1982e4fd598fcbf3bd648bcdd/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/c7e72d03c3a741f28e9c8df49bef53a8/B6E0DFE33900B8065A3F01FA657AC3A8.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>地球上所有生物与其环境的总和叫<br>。生物的范围包括大气圈的<br>,水圈的大部和<br>的表面。生物圈是一个统一的整体,是地球上最大的<br>,是所有生物共同的家园。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/7148889cf08f425d91074ba3839fcc80/279F6E78233B8CCC4CAB052F4DB83410.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2019/d62da51ead344cfab0514d2b673bf8f0/390417C51B935712220459CFF0A91F4A.png"><br><br>
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