admins 发表于 2021-8-18 22:22:18

甘肃省庆阳市宁县2017-2018学年七年级下学期期末考试生物试卷

※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>现代类人猿和人类的共同祖先是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.类人猿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.森林古猿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.长臂猿&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.猩猩<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/eb869b77b3cb4ae3b4984675c1a99dcd/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>人体在下列哪一时期生长发育得最快?(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.儿童期&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.少年期&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.青春期&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.成年期<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/18f72ffa39eb49b2882f049ef0708887/D7C9A679F3C72D4F1064B7D0A0FD4AD8.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>人体缺乏维生素C会患(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.夜盲症&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.脚气病&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.坏血病&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.佝偻病<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/1fa5efd5b17c41afb647113201099f13/D7C9A679F3C72D4F1064B7D0A0FD4AD8.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>人体各种生命活动消耗的能量主要来自(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.脂肪&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.糖类<br>C.脂肪和蛋白质&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.蛋白质<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/66981da4de0c4336ba6cf0a35f8ea519/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/0cec174c48c14c6f96a2312235625778/691E93A5AE5A4E82AED62E564D19811A.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>中枢神经系统包括(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.脑和脊髓&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.脑和脑神经<br>C.脑神经和脊神经&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.大脑和小脑<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/5EB37C218D6D19EB98E791A4205997A8.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>以下属于神经系统结构和功能基本单位的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.神经&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.脑和脊髓&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.神经元&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.脑干<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/B01B9AD1709CC523F9D63862305777A8.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>红细胞的形态为(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.两面凸的圆饼状&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.球形<br>C.不规则形状&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.两面凹的圆饼状<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2011/677af3d682e94a20b5db1632b703c851/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>贫血病患者应多吃含______丰富的食物(&nbsp;)<br>A.蛋白质和铁&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.蛋白质和锌&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.锌和碘&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.铁和碘<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/156a137fbaa344b1b75efd3fae1cfe9c/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>能够产生生殖细胞并分泌性激素的器官是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.卵巢和子宫&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.输卵管和输精管<br>C.卵巢和睾丸&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.内分泌腺<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2015/338d1eb8cc66445f917883981135a065/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>某人正在看书,远处有人叫他,他戴上眼镜看清此人面孔,请问这个人戴的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.凸透镜&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.凹透镜&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.平面镜&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.太阳镜<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>治疗糖尿病,可以通过注射(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.生长激素&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.胰岛素&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.甲状腺素&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.肾上腺素<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2011/9f55fc28a18b402182af5cb7cf928900/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>下列结构中既属于呼吸系统又属于消化系统的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.口腔&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.咽&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.喉&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.鼻<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2012/55ac980ea0c54f7291dadc1f4e605577/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>肺是呼吸系统的主要器官,其功能是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.血液流动的通道&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.气体交换的场所<br>C.水分进出的通道&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.吸收营养物质的场所<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/0b41068ae7e84e718edf34c394ec1244/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>人呼出的气体和吸入的气体相比,成分的主要变化是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.气含量减少,二氧化碳含量增加<br>B.氧和二氧化碳都不变<br>C.氧和二氧化碳都减少<br>D.氧增加,二氧化碳减少<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/a8ba275869784f78bc0dcda1844ba402/DA50F910BECBBBA4AAB35D7A1AB24524.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>健康成年人每次最多献血多少毫升不会影响健康()<br>A.600毫升&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.1200~1500毫升<br>C.500毫升&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.200~300毫升<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/107605a8de07432ea0a7937e6cc64880/D9A7E0722DAB5479A60928D5B8864BC6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>当人体受伤出血时,有自动止血和加速凝血作用的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.血浆&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.红细胞&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.血小板&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.白细胞<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/279098ea799a466ca4b03246802a2675/D7C9A679F3C72D4F1064B7D0A0FD4AD8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/8352cdea1809425f9fcc11b1559d7fe3/1442E9AF0A86024A4CDA9226F29C219E.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>绿色食品是指(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.绿颜色的食品<br>B.有叶绿素的营养食品<br>C.经济附加值高的营养食品<br>D.安全、无公害的营养食品<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/931c585a91ec419f97543c3fd238348b/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:较易<br>常见的ABO血型分为______型、______型、______型和______型。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/e4a1479f1adf4f06b0c0e2295cd9a79b/451619AC2E28D854AF0FC7E1309FE9B1.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:容易<br>每天早、中、晚餐的能量摄入比例正确的是30%、40%、_____.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/b5a77f0ec1b848ed8a316636f00d1368/0D11E82EDFC63E7FCBA7BDA865F572E1.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:容易<br>安全输血应以输_______为原则。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/8f8246d6cd29407687dd978f899f488f/5D089B3F74388EB77D4A223297493781.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:容易<br>消化系统是由______和______组成的。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/11202840345043a4bcdea2f863fc0afd/458AD6C9BFCE6F77177965F1D94D3740.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/e9dac7709209488d88d6f4515996f0c9/8FE3D21631D4426CEEDECFD3D9E34FA0.png"><br><br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:容易<br>神经调节的基本方式是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/BDBE3412B4AE8E849FB1C611DF93F73C.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:较易<br>血液循环由______和______两个循环途径组成。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/6eeaee6dc9cc4b529c1e875898fb4aae/3740293F358EA87B83CC8CB29B6744BC.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:较易<br>呼吸道的器官依次是______、咽、喉、______和支气管。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/89db79ae0e2c469583b6ee2faafbd9ca/D8C552E38A34EA8DFE15BBD9C5871906.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:容易<br>巨人症是幼年是_____分泌过多引起的。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/65ff824129384717a527ec2fb2f3a7c5/0728017D22BDEF78DD9DA205459BF808.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:填空题※知识点:填空题※试题难度:较易<br>如果体内____________过多,人就会消瘦,且情绪容易激动。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/55440824a1344cffa6908d6c2de99a27/0EF39C364AE975E33ECB59EACB4AD87C.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:较易<br>动脉中流动的是动脉血,静脉中流动的是静脉血(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2014/ae68e8dad04645c0a17b866d58911e18/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2014/7e498482bd4949e48810d268c9f49ea9/79544B80660456592DF78A17ADA6565A.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:较易<br>呼吸道对空气的处理能力是巨大的(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/974142b36bbd45bcb29b17c75334daa4/B4F624DAE646E750151FFAD3FF71C09F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/2e6efb63f971434f9275dace2a920077/D18D407D7BC0FFBD0A5E9DB56FFAF75C.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:容易<br>合理膳食对青少年的生长发育非常重要,所以要不挑食,不偏食(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/631e90ba916743a3b6081a0877d2cbde/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:较易<br>不能随地吐痰的主要原因是痰里含有大量病菌(&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/80484235525c428fb3dce646ae18eae7/4BEBB1570D38D48581548ADA86554D97.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>如图是人体消化系统的模式图,请据图回答<img <br>1.淀粉开始消化的部位是______;2.能分泌胆汁的消化腺是_______促进脂肪的消化;3.蛋白质开始消化的部位是_______;4.消化道中最长的部分是_______;它是消化食物和吸收营养物质的主要场所。5.某人患急性阑尾炎,需要开刀切除的部位是______;6.胰腺在图中是指,分泌的消化液叫做_______。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/f28c335fbaac425aad2c7c1ccbdfd060/F66E6853AE09BF5EF65E203DFF048F29.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>观察心脏结构图,回答问题:<img <br>1.填写各部名称:A______;B______;C______;D______;2.心脏壁最厚的部分是_______;与右心房相连通的血管是______;3.是由于A与C、B与D之间有防止血液倒流的______;4.体循环的起点是______;肺循环的起点是______;5.肺动脉流的是______血;<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/18b0e599595c45458a68c4c8655f62a5/597B1A1B2C80054E60FFC2DA29BD8CE3.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>如图是肾单位部分结构图,据图回答<img <br>1.图中的③是_____、⑥是______、⑦是肾小管共同构成了肾单位。2.图中②是入球小动脉,管内流动的是______血。3.图中⑥处的液体为原尿,与③处的液体相比较,前者不含血细胞和大分子的_____;4.在肾小囊中出现葡萄糖而在尿液中并没有,这说明肾小管有______作用。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/5b9d4e7cc93f40cd8c3e8a88fbfde9d0/D1EFDDC0AEDE10162CA8C154A2975A76.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:较易<br>如图是反射弧模式图,据图回答:<img <br>1.填写各部名称①_______;②_______;⑤_______;2.写出神经冲动传导的过程(填序号)______________;<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2019/2cce320b39b14da2b30a47f4141ece1f/67B79EDDD3F61E9CDD5098D55BAEE859.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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