admins 发表于 2021-8-18 22:08:54

2011-2012学年四川省雅安市七年级下学期期末考试生物试卷(带解析)

※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>人类与类人猿的共同祖先是:<br><tbody><br>A.古代黑猩猩<br>B.古代猴子<br>C.森林古猿<br>D.古代鳄鱼<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/5E0EC7A9C8D229317C0563E540CC977B.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>下列有关生殖过程的叙述错误的是()<br><tbody><br>A.胎儿通过吸吮乳汁从母体获得营养<br>B.胚胎和胎儿的发育在子宫<br>C.精子和卵细胞在输卵管结合<br>D.胎儿产生的废物通过胎盘从母体排出<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/8B0030C365994090B8FC9AF4C183A80B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/54FACAAD8975EF13410EF50FFECE2452.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>关于现代类人猿与人类的根本区别的叙述中,正确的是()<br><tbody><br>A.运动方式不同<br>B.制造工具的能力不同<br>C.脑发育的程度不同<br>D.以上均是<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/36A991EBA81925085702AAB46BE83560.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>科学饮食中早、中、晚三餐的能量比是:<br><tbody><br>A.3∶3∶4<br>B.4∶3∶3<br>C.3∶4∶3<br>D.2∶4∶4<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/64DDD180D6E89D9CCE7D00D7A48A4D0B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/75EC76A7BA93FA727FEFC9A4899A494D.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列人类的疾病中,都是由于营养缺乏而引起的一组是:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><tbody><br>A.糖尿病、呆小症、侏儒症<br>B.龋齿、沙眼、高血压<br>C.近视、胃癌、灰指甲<br>D.佝偻病、夜盲症、脚气病<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/B9593A30EB176F6648F40783EDE607AD.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>以下流动脉血的是:<br><tbody><br>A.右心房<br>B.肺动脉<br>C.肺静脉<br>D.下腔静脉<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/2CD1BD6F9CF6759E7887F0C24D31CDD8.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>血液中的二氧化碳最终来自:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><tbody><br>A.组织细胞<br>B.肝脏<br>C.空气<br>D.小肠<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/8B0030C365994090B8FC9AF4C183A80B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/DC1A4221DC8793B93EC2BAFD9581AD6F.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>慢跑和散步属于()<br><tbody><br>A.森林浴<br>B.高压氧治疗<br>C.有氧运动<br>D.剧烈运动<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/E22B1CE04BB1F0E9C4065DF2C915AF6A.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列哪项不是毛细血管便于血液与组织细胞进行物质交换的特点()<br><tbody><br>A.毛细血管数量大,分布广<br>B.管壁只由一层上皮细胞构成<br>C.管内血流的速度很慢<br>D.毛细血管连通最小静脉与最小动脉<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/9381342EFCE0528E9A9479FFD622D1E0.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>以下只有一层细胞构成的结构是:()<br>①毛细血管壁&nbsp;&nbsp;②肺泡壁&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;③心脏壁&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;④大肠壁&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;⑤小肠绒毛壁.<br><tbody><br>A.①②③⑤<br>B.①②⑤<br>C.①②④<br>D.①⑤<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/90B00981446B4784BAD4FDCC00942496.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>在人体血液循环系统中,不存在瓣膜结构的是:<br><tbody><br>A.心室和心房之间<br>B.心室和动脉之间<br>C.动脉内<br>D.四肢静脉内<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/887371EC1F71C57DF8CCC907AAD44D2E.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>某日雅安上里古镇的空气污染指数为90,表明该镇的空气质量为()<br><tbody><br>A.优<br>B.良<br>C.轻度污染<br>D.重度污染<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/96942A96E1BF395ED66385BD6950E729.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>抗战时期,某八路军战士受伤急需输血,可没有时间和条件验血,此时,白求恩大夫说:“抽我的,我是万能血型!”可见,白大夫的血型应该是()<br><tbody><br>A.O型<br>B.A型<br>C.B型<br>D.AB型<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/8B0030C365994090B8FC9AF4C183A80B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/EB2D31C8162C6261FBC5F06811151765.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>以下有关泌尿系统的描述不正确的是:<br><tbody><br>A.肾单位由肾小球、肾小囊、肾小管组成<br>B.正常情况下血细胞和大分子蛋白质不能滤出肾小球<br>C.正常情况下原尿中不该有葡萄糖<br>D.排出大便不属于泌尿系统的功能<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/DF443A44DCD2D22D42A353EEBB91FC09.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列说法不正确的是()<br><tbody><br>A.农家肥能改良土壤<br>B.高温堆肥时能杀死多种病菌和虫卵<br>C.沼气的主要成分是不能燃烧的甲烷<br>D.生态环保厕所既能保护环境又能利于健康<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/CB18652BA47DB53A2D1C0A8EE02BB8E6.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>产生视觉、听觉产生的部位是:<br><tbody><br>A.视网膜;耳蜗<br>B.大脑皮层;大脑皮层<br>C.晶状体;听小骨<br>D.瞳孔;耳蜗<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/06D27FBE09F37AD440767CE1A42EDA1D.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>东方人的黑眼珠和西方人的蓝眼珠其实是眼球壁的什么结构色彩不同?<br><tbody><br>A.瞳孔<br>B.虹膜<br>C.晶状体<br>D.巩膜<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/63C96C4A40B269A99C23D96F18093C53.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>如果鼻、咽、喉感染,不及时治疗有可能导致:<br><tbody><br>A.外耳道炎<br>B.中耳炎<br>C.角膜炎<br>D.沙眼<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/69BE3C4CC8C27B27381A56595569975F.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>神经系统的组成是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br>A.人脑、脊髓、神经&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.大脑、小脑<br>C.脑神经、脊神经&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.垂体、脑<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/9/2013/34ca7ea3a83641c6ae12361f2a67d6d8/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/9/2013/2441c597407b4e2aa86cbca486f065d2/77AA0A408C86B165A4443B18943BD910.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>以下说法错误的是()<br><tbody><br>A.神经细胞是神经系统结构和功能的基本单位<br>B.神经纤维集结成束,外包膜构成神经<br>C.针刺皮肤感觉痛,是因为皮肤内有大量神经末梢<br>D.手拿馒头被烫,正常反应是先感觉烫后缩手<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/1AA8A4D6DB795543B17DF14671712F3A.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>以下属于简单反射的是()<br>①缩手反射&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;②排尿反射&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;③望梅止渴&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;④谈虎色变&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;⑤膝跳反射.<br><tbody><br>A.①②<br>B.①②⑤<br>C.③④<br>D.③④⑤<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/D11DCFEBD22E8B1566E2BD6C35BD1573.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>篮球明星姚明身高2.4米,最可能的原因是<br><tbody><br>A.幼年时生长激素分泌过多<br>B.幼年时进行了骨髓移植<br>C.幼年时甲状腺激素分泌不足<br>D.成年后爱运动<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7A3FAFE53B29F005E2BB3B89B4B8957C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/CAB6EA902AFF53C3ABA6B0148E59884F.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>关于人体激素,下面叙述不正确的是:<br><tbody><br>A.直接进入血液<br>B.由内分泌腺分泌产生<br>C.血液里含量很少,但作用很大<br>D.通过导管排出<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/E62FA368F404B07E3AB0B69C671E94D8.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>小王失明了,但医生检查后却认为眼的结构没有异常。那么病变的部位可能是:<br><tbody><br>A.视神经<br>B.视觉中枢<br>C.小脑<br>D.A和B<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/3C0121E98326C4298D8192B441FD5BF2.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列金属电池中,对环境不会造成严重污染的是:<br><tbody><br>A.汞<br>B.银<br>C.镉<br>D.锂<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7039B1414292C98C4C0586321B67CF33.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/AA2C7F46ACB9D19F928C014EA4DB5E8E.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>以下人类活动不利于环境的是()<br><tbody><br>A.退耕还林还草<br>B.大量引进外国物种<br>C.减少煤、石油等燃料中污染物的排放<br>D.禁止生产和销售危害性大的电池<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/385BBCF1F0852EF129FC430F0FCB6E41.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:较易<br>少生是控制人口过快增长的关键;晚育对人口没影响。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/64F190BD40D5AC2FF6BD1D2E39936A16.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/D7AF67A71427D237E6C44F0C9DEF2CB6.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:较易<br>水既是人体需要的营养物质又是每天要排出的废物。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/DC6AA8F977A6AD0E087A133DBB9CCB84.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/753E14E45FCD0D1336B436729291BA9F.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:容易<br>动脉管中的血都是动脉血。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/64F190BD40D5AC2FF6BD1D2E39936A16.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/AB13395F82451E0500E6BF69FC7EAAD1.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:容易<br>心脏主要由肌肉组织构成。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/DC6AA8F977A6AD0E087A133DBB9CCB84.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/9726EFFF04FFF95F5A4BA238EF9BD796.png"><br><br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:较易<br>分析“东非人”化石,可以确定他们已能用火。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/64F190BD40D5AC2FF6BD1D2E39936A16.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/F945B46D6B6BFD85959D55535313E015.png"><br><br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>我们从外界获取的信息大多来自视觉.______.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/4E19CC8CCC8BC1FF191F16A311903959.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>耳蜗内有听觉感受器.______.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/A60FA122EEF5A2A93CB3E6E4596E178E.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>神经调节的基本方式是反射.所以草履虫对食盐的躲避也是反射.______.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/989049045416813D077277D8622BFA58.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>神经细胞接受刺激后能产生兴奋和传导兴奋.______.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/2983AD3F989D7913DC10703F6D18C853.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:判断题※知识点:判断题※试题难度:中等<br>对糖尿病患者可通过口服胰岛素来治疗。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/64F190BD40D5AC2FF6BD1D2E39936A16.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/99D6B6868FF6DDE50B21067D3D01E35A.png"><br><br>※题型:连线题※知识点:连线题※试题难度:中等<br>将下列描述与对应血管相连<br><imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/4C977B7E48576DC75648724504071481.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/3A688AC0868EAD24EC102688AAEF3AF4.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/78486CD31683DAD26047DB0DC2EDBE6D.png"><br><br>※题型:连线题※知识点:连线题※试题难度:中等<br>将下列结构与对应描述相连&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/3D613433AC2E920C781ED924D0AB789E.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/5A623767102D515FE04D81A6200AE9E7.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/55B5EA572B683FB3ED6E1320D22CB8DF.png"><br><br>※题型:连线题※知识点:连线题※试题难度:中等<br>将下列病症与最佳的预防性食物相连<imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/1C6173C352438448399FF080BF1BF020.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/C8A5DAE82B05926278CF257E410B6227.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/3FB964A158E4DB4AC2D8478C69AA1199.png"><br><br>※题型:连线题※知识点:连线题※试题难度:中等<br>将下列描述与对应器官相连<imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/3DDC829139B58F2383C0E5FE788C8530.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/776DA0F4CAD2DFBDE1C96FF978E58FB2.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/284F609AFE2705A2B2DEE47909BD59F2.png"><br><br>※题型:连线题※知识点:连线题※试题难度:中等<br>将下列心脏各腔与其所通的血管相连<imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/1928A49591A93CAE76C83E059BE86CCF.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/33742720E673D04FCE5EC59B99D43A30.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/065A9DBCF1A648D656433DF0BB0AFF5B.png"><br><br>※题型:实验题※知识点:实验题※试题难度:中等<br>下图为呼吸系统模式图,请据图回答:<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/ACCFFE91A442096DDAF212E4995DDF8F.png"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>(1)呼吸系统由<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>和肺组成。<br>(2)当h收缩时,其顶部会下降,使胸腔容积扩大,完成<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>(选填“吸气”或“呼气”)<br>(3)既属于消化系统又属于呼吸系统的器官是[&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>(4)气体交换的场所是[&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;]<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>&nbsp;。<br>(5)肺泡内的氧气要穿过<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>层细胞才能进入血液。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/A8496B02AF79B940A28CA9462EBFBC0C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/279570E375451059F9D5B1598299D194.png"><br><br>※题型:实验题※知识点:实验题※试题难度:中等<br>右图为显微镜下的血细胞图,请据图回答:<br><imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/45D64A7FFE91419D9A5EB9B88D5D38DD.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>(1)血液加入抗凝剂分层后,上层淡黄色半透明的液体叫<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>(2)从图中可以看出,血细胞中数量最多的是【&nbsp;&nbsp;】<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>;图中的b所指的是<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>细胞,是否有细胞核?答:<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>(3)红细胞中的红色含铁的蛋白质叫<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>(4)小明削铅笔时不慎划破手指,流出了血,可一会儿就自动止血了,这主要是血细胞中<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>&nbsp;的功劳。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/ACBFBB19D0A46CA0474C4C02CA31C44A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/08460386C66C62B6C2E79BBCA1E9FCC2.png"><br><br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>观察小鱼尾鳍内血液流动时,用浸湿的纱布裹住小鱼鳃部的目的是维持小鱼的<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。若要判断某较大血管是动脉还是静脉,要依据血流的<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/173D8FF2CB287794DE8CE6AB455A4B1A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/6169C2F5500D22446323006517F6A780.png"><br><br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:容易<br>剖鱼时不能弄破苦胆。苦胆在人体内称为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>,其内装有<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>分泌的胆汁。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/DCDFC36FE6673411B7336578309F3E57.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/7C3DFBDF205A78E00F43199168D111EE.png"><br><br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:容易<br>小张尽力吸气后的胸围为95cm,尽力呼气后的胸围为85cm,小张的胸围差为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>cm.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/466A8A7D47F7AED77E956579E7D554C8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/58272A218C2765590AF91A378620AA51.png"><br><br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>吃饭时高声谈笑易使食物落入气管,引起猛烈咳嗽。这主要是因为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>软骨在吞咽时未能及时盖住喉口,使食物落入气管所致。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/2417BE4788F447B85BF2C8729B0844DD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/9AE623FC2ADE3FDA7452654A7535B34F.png"><br><br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:中等<br>小明常长时间玩游戏,导致近视。为了看清黑板,小明应配戴<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>&nbsp;(选填“凹透镜”;“凸透镜”;“平光镜”)作为近视眼镜。奶奶年纪大了,看报纸得拿的远远的才能看清,她能用小明的近视眼镜来看清报纸吗?答:<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/8288B0EEE78F0C557BFCE6A01D87945C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/7E0928C8D67F43958DC1E5F9589B07FE.png"><br><br>※题型:读图填空题※知识点:读图填空题※试题难度:容易<br>在饲养青蛙蝌蚪的水缸中滴入适量的甲状腺素,蝌蚪变成青蛙的时间会<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>(选填“缩短”;“不变”;“变长”)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/1FB8337B681C0DD4B1657C7BF386F7B9.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/6E6582D846F665F2C067448CA9223506.png"><br><br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>列举两例人体的内分泌腺.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/53295764F144D7DECE276E0CBB5C9904.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>将动脉、静脉、心房、心室按正常血液流动的顺序填入括号内<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/0CF3C1C81CCF7C3F8BE46061B5211B32.png"><br>style="VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/4472A8DA164375FDDEBEA894410C4F6E.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>雅安属于水土中缺碘的地区.为保证健康,提倡大家吃加碘食盐.但碘是很易升华(即变成气态从盐中消失掉)的物质.只有妥善保存,才能保证每日摄入适量的碘.<br>问题:(1)碘与______激素的合成有关.幼年时该激素分泌不足会导致______症.&nbsp;<br>(2)家庭中购买的加碘食盐该如何保存.<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/2F433042100CFB8BB8F1779C30E1B926.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型:实验题※知识点:实验题※试题难度:中等<br>小小现16岁,是名高一学生。自13岁起,小小就开始迅速发育,身高增长了不少,也越来越不愿与父母交流。在上网时,有卖肾中介发信息来,说卖一个肾可以给他两万块。小小瞒着父母在中介的安排下,于某医院做了手术,得到了卖肾的2万元钱。拿到钱之后,小小立刻去购买了一台“苹果”手机和iPad2。为了一台时髦的“苹果”手机,孩子选择去卖肾。“苹果”手机是生活必需品吗?当然不是,正是孩子的欲望无限膨胀才导致了这起极端事件的发生。如今他左侧肚子上可以看到缝针的痕迹,自觉体质大不如前。可后悔晚矣!(共10分)<br>(1)小小正处于的发育时期称为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>(1分)。<br>肾脏的主要功能是<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>&nbsp;。(1分)<br>(2)简述尿的形成(2分)<br>(3)卖肾后,小小感觉不适,检查发现尿中出现了红细胞,很可能是仅存的一个肾的肾单位中的哪部分出了问题?(2分)<br>(4)谈谈你对小小卖肾行为的看法。(2分)<br>(5)青春期我们该如何与父母相处?(2分)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/9FE7002D41D5661424F80AB361CB8871.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/3F463CE27FE1119B58280CC9965F0422.png"><br><br>
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