admins 发表于 2021-8-18 22:07:20

2010-2011学年江西省九江县八年级下学期期中考试生物试卷

※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>蚕吐丝发生在它一生发育的什么阶段<br><tbody><br>A.成虫<br>B.幼虫<br>C.受精卵<br>D.蛹<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/AFD041509239C7C34B2FD5A5491EC65E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/BF8AA1BDB3F8F0DF7CAB6F9AB1B00581.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>青蛙、家燕、春蚕个体发育的起点都是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br><tbody><br>A.精子<br>B.卵细胞<br>C.受精卵<br>D.孢子<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/77C06DF7085E6D7A8DADDBCE4B8A3171.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>对两栖动物中的“两栖”含义的理解最正确的是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br><tbody><br>A.幼体成体均可生活在水中和陆地<br>B.幼体生活在水中,成体生活在陆地也可生活在水中<br>C.主要生活在水中,也可以生活在陆地<br>D.有时生活在水中,有时生活在陆地<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/57656FC1404BBBA015C0BDEF74B1F76E.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列属于不完全变态发育的昆虫是(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br><tbody><br>A.蝗虫<br>B.赤眼蜂<br>C.蜜蜂<br>D.蝴蝶<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/8B0030C365994090B8FC9AF4C183A80B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/7938824C61FBAA56133A9FA1077ABCA1.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:较易<br>下列变异中,属于可遗传变异的是(&nbsp;)<br>A.经常练习举重的人胸肌发达<br>B.一对正常夫妇生育白化病女儿<br>C.长在暗处的玉米植株很矮<br>D.肥水充足处的大豆植株高大<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/7546D9E34EAB082CFFFCE2B392EBB315.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>下列各组中不属于相对性状的是()<br><tbody><br>A.水稻的早熟和晚熟<br>B.玉米的黄粒和圆粒<br>C.小麦的抗病和易感染疾病<br>D.棉花的绒长和绒短<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/2AEAD286ABDD416A8F2316F4A38A1FA9.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:中等<br>孔雀开屏,蜻蜓点水属于动物的(&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;)<br><tbody><br>A.攻击行为<br>B.生殖行为<br>C.防御行为<br>D.捕食行为<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/E7D3E85673EFE9CB95D8D96898399586.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/C7B88F9F0EB56614692FE8908629A468.png"><br><br>※题型:单选题※知识点:单选题※试题难度:容易<br>高茎豌豆(DD)与矮茎豌豆(dd)杂交,后代的基因组成是<br>A.DD&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B.dd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C.Dd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D.DDdd<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/924B3E38A9B17011DDBB929C9A570330.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/36E2A2286ABF6159EA0347E1687A1179.png"><br><br>※题型:实验题※知识点:实验题※试题难度:中等<br>根据图一和图二,请回答下列问题。(每空1分&nbsp;共5分)<br><imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/B0DB8F760D71CA71C1667D144C532E38.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>①嫁接包括两种方式,图一所指的方式是<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>,图二所指的方式是<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>②两种嫁接方式的不同在于接穗不同,图一是用<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>做接穗,图二是用<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>做接穗。<br>③嫁接时应当使接穗和砧木的<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>紧密结合,以确保接穗成活。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/23CAAC0AB6B92A4216CD6D24BD050E70.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/95B49C99A5411A004D7790B9934F303A.png"><br><br>※题型:连线题※知识点:连线题※试题难度:容易<br>请你用直线将下列鸟卵的结构与其对应的功能连起来。<br>(1)胚盘&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A供胚胎发育用的养料<br>(2)卵黄&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;B胚胎发育所需的氧气<br>(3)卵白&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;C起保护的作用<br>(4)卵壳、壳膜&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;D供胚胎发育所需的水分及养料<br>(5)气室&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;E发育的部位<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/047E1BD23A6772C49A0A291B72E384FF.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/80FA82CF201A8386C50D646D39ECDD18.png"><br><br>※题型:实验题※知识点:实验题※试题难度:中等<br>下图表示人的生殖发育过程中染色体数目的变化,据图回答:<br><imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/B004F4C54477A9BC5CFFAA663ACEF010.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>(1)<br>A.b分别表示父母的体细胞,它们的染色体均为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>条。<br>(2)<br>A表示父母分别产生生殖细胞的过程,生殖细胞C.d分别叫<u>精子</u>和<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。它们的染色体均为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>条。<br>(3)B过程为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。形成的e细胞叫<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>,它的染色体数为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>条。<br>(4)由上述可以看出,人类上下代的体细胞中染色体数目是<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>的。生物体细胞中的每一对染色体都是一条来自<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>,一条来自<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。因此,后代个体具有<br><u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>的遗传物质。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/883961F3CCA9E5D5D5CB4C45285FECD7.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/001C4DAACDD321805798F813FF5AB416.png"><br><br>※题型:实验题※知识点:实验题※试题难度:较易<br>填下图并回答问题(填图3分,其余每空2分,共11分)<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/817CB64410D929F2C56811F138CAD23B.png"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>(1)把上图精子、卵细胞、受精卵补全<br>(2)图中的“<img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/FB1C1FCB8645EC750874D2E59A7E47C7.png"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;">”代表<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>,A和a代表<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>(3)在形成精子(或卵细胞)过程中,体细胞每对染色体中的<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>条进入精子(或卵细胞)<br>(4)母亲的性染色体组成是<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/7F712D2EA6805FC76303A7E31C3C847B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/7F1C21196DEECEBDD766E6FA075ED912.png"><br><br>※题型:解答题※知识点:解答题※试题难度:中等<br>科学家将男人和女人细胞内的染色体进行整理后,形成了下列排序图,请你分析回答下列问题。<br><imgsrc="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/2/BC886E7C7A13E58513BB27970DA243A5.jpg"><br>style="vertical-align:middle;VERTICAL-ALIGN:middle;"><br>(1)从图中可以看出,在人的体细胞中,染色体是<u>_____________</u>存在的。<br>(2)根据染色体组成可以判断,B为<u>__________</u>性染色体组成。<br>(3)A产生的生殖细胞中含有<u>___________</u>条染色体,其中第<u>_________</u>号为常染色体,剩下一条为<u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</u>。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Answer/2/9/DA9341FAD87A4759458D3BA920A9A117.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture1.zhihuicn.com/Explain/2/9/14CC5D4DBB230F9157437F86B109FB44.png"><br><br>
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