基因突变、基因重组和染色体变异列表比较-人人终身学习知识网~是各类综合知识资源信息分享，提升综合素质与提高知识技能的终身学习网络平台生物教学生物

meili 发表于 2022-10-21 11:16:44

基因突变、基因重组和染色体变异列表比较

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border: 1px solid black; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 30.1pt; width: 545px; height: 782px;" width="545"><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.05pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">项 目</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">基因突变</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">基因重组</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.05pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">染色体变异</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 29.65pt"><td rowspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 15.85pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 29.65pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="21">适用范围</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 29.65pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="54">生物种类</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 29.65pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">所有生物（包括病毒）均可发生，具有普遍性</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 29.65pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">自然状态下，只发生在真核生物的有性生殖过程中，细胞核遗传</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 29.65pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">真核生物细胞增殖过程均可发生</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 19.25pt"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 40.15pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="54">生殖</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">无性生殖、有性生殖</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">有性生殖</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 19.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">无性生殖、有性生殖</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 26.25pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 26.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">类型</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 26.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">可分为自然突变和诱发突变，也可分为显性突变和隐性突变</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 26.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">自由组合型、交叉互换型</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 26.25pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">染色体结构的改变、染色体数目的变化</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.95pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">发生时间</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">有丝分裂间期和减数Ⅰ间期</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">减数Ⅰ前期和减数Ⅰ后期</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">细胞分裂期</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.95pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">产生结果</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">产生新的基因（产生了它的等位基因）、新的基因型、新的性状。</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">产生新的基因型，但不可以产生新的基因和新的性状。</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">不产生新的基因，但会引起基因数目或顺序变化。</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.95pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">镜检</td><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 330pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="440">光镜下均无法检出，可根据是否有新性状或新性状组合确定</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.95pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">光镜下可检出</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 62.4pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">本质</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">基因的分子结构发生改变，产生了新的基因，改变了基因的“质”，出现了新性状，但没有改变基因的“量”。</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">原有基因的重新组合，产生了新的基因型，使性状重新组合，但未改变基因的“质”和“量”。</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 62.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">染色体结构或数目发生改变，没有产生新的基因，基因的数量可发生改变</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 31.6pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">条件</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">外界条件剧变和内部因素的相互作用</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">不同个体间的杂交，有性生殖过程中的减数分裂和受精作用</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">存在染色体的真核生物</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 30.85pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 30.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">特 点</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 30.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">普遍性、随机性、不定向性、低频率性、多害少利性</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 30.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">原有基因的重新组合</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 30.85pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">存在普遍性</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 35.1pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 35.1pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">意义</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 35.1pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">新基因产生的途径，生物变异的根本来源，也是生物进化的原材料</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 35.1pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">是生物产生变异的来源之一，是生物进化的重要因素之一。</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 35.1pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">对生物的进化有一定的意义</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 18.75pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">发生可能性</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">可能性小，突变频率低</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">非常普遍，产生的变异类型多</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 18.75pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">可能性较小</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 15.8pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">应 用</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">诱变育种</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">杂交育种</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 15.8pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">单倍体育种、多倍体育种</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 31.6pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">生物多样性</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">产生新的基因，丰富了基因文库</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">产生配子种类多、组合方式多，受精卵多。</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 31.6pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">变异种类多</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 16.4pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">实例</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 166.3pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="222">果蝇的白眼、镰刀型细胞贫血症等</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 163.7pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="218">豌豆杂交等</td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 68.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 16.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="91">无籽西瓜的培育等</td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 32.1pt"><td colspan="2" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 56pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 32.1pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="75">联 系</td><td colspan="3" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; WIDTH: 398.05pt; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; HEIGHT: 32.1pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0cm" valign="top" width="531">①三者均属于可遗传的变异，都为生物的进化提供了原材料；②基因突变产生新的基因，为进化提供了最初的原材料，是生物变异的根本来源；基因突变为基因重组提供大量可供自由组合的新基因，基因突变是基因重组的基础；③基因重组的变异频率高，为进化提供了广泛的选择材料，是形成生物多样性的重要原因之一；④基因重组和基因突变均产生新的基因型，可能产生新的表现型。</td></tr></tbody></table>

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基因突变、基因重组和染色体变异列表比较