（2）复分解反应发生的条件——2021-2022学年九年级下册化学人教版盐和化肥专题速练
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列反应中属于复分解反应的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/55646D71767F05073C931D2A603B6275.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/8B2758444A0713FAA74C621CD7CC09B3.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/6543D482CCDCB3966FF8B06EDFFB065A.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/E495DA72AD099452BB72E93D27BF26E6.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/760dbf6086904cca973024b3ad098f17/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/6045e68ef73a4618b0c87151bfd0fda2/C05BC71F2A28EA3807446C686C40254F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于复分解反应的说法正确的是( )<br>A.反应物必须都溶于水<br>B.反应物中一定有酸<br>C.生成物中一定有盐<br>D.中和反应不一定属于复分解反应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/6694992fcd8d42f8a4d8b019a8f78a0c/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/c3ea60e4f52941c6ba5056d95019e100/5958CC273C4C0C7969A2135C4A714F6C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列各组物质在溶液中发生反应,生成白色沉淀的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/22E31F776370366F790221CF4E7FC96B.png"><br>与稀硫酸<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/0125C0E265985712A3A9CAA2643B9043.png"><br>与稀盐酸<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>与KOH<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/C09DD76B9792A4D62AC4145DC76E807C.png"><br>与NaCl<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/c479355dee8d4f1e95daaf7e16422c26/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/a99d4e393055479c857f77b989b97867/5D5F60AA32A28E40C1C37F9AA7D18C95.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列属于复分解反应的是( )<br>A.2H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>==2H<sub>2</sub>O+O<sub>2</sub>↑ B.H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>+Fe==FeSO<sub>4</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>↑<br>C.NaOH+HNO<sub>3</sub>==NaNO<sub>3</sub>+H<sub>2</sub>O D.CaO+H<sub>2</sub>O==Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/12068296574742c69c6e55eaa049286c/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>镧(La)是一种活动性比锌更强的元素,它的氧化物的化学式是La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>,La(OH)<sub>3</sub>是不溶于水的碱,LaCl<sub>3</sub>、La(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>都可溶于水。由此推断下列几组物质的组合,不能直接反应制取LaCl<sub>3</sub>的是( )<br>A.La和稀盐酸 B.La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>和稀盐酸<br>C.La(OH)<sub>3</sub>和稀盐酸 D.La(OH)<sub>3</sub>和氯化钾溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/306721213a1a4b2797cf5b55bd43bc03/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>已知硝酸盐易溶于水。对于反应:X+Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>=Y+Cu(OH)<sub>2</sub>↓,下列分析中正确的是( )<br>A.该反应类型可能是置换反应<br>B.X和Y的相对分子质量之差为18<br>C.X可能是CuCl<sub>2</sub>或Fe<sub>2</sub>(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub><br>D.Y可能是CaCl<sub>2</sub>或Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/b927e93780e845ad8a47b282c45e466e/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/1936153269e14ffda906fffa08076a3f/C195398B69FFE63061C3D662759185C4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>对于化学反应<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/9/98E5023756A2F303D96BFD8042E2B6AD.png"><br>的下列说法中,正确的是( )。A.若C、D分别为盐和水,则该反应一定是中和反应<br>B.若A、B、C、D都是化合物,该反应一定是复分解反应<br>C.若A为碱溶液,B为盐溶液,则C和D可能是两种沉淀<br>D.若C、D分别为单质和化合物,则该反应一定是置换反应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/6f373efef032446d86beb2bbfd7ecff5/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/ebbe7225c4074a26b4fd6a66c256b935/F26EF72D38A3B4D9AD8A970836DD5C29.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：较易<br>下表是部分物质的溶解性表(室温),利用表中提供的信息回答下列问题<br>:<br><tbody><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/B3BDD3F09DC648CFE8C730BDB507F565.png"><br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/D357F13D2A0893AEBEA39E31410DB47D.png"><br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/0C816782AD829AB9046597BD2C759DD3.png"><br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/CFFF538FB1A6FEEFACE17DFA8A813A90.png"><br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/76727E18D50CFC957B6E8C56F8FAF333.png"><br> <br>溶、挥<br> <br>溶、挥<br> <br>溶<br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/CE179713EBF4F940C0DA0FBEA9475D85.png"><br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/B1BFE0DEB6907618EF464FC26E95623D.png"><br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/3D9601D03A16C47E612C6101CF0D1E3D.png"><br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br>溶<br> <br>不<br> <br></tbody><br>1.酸、碱、盐之间发生的复分解反应,其实质是它们的溶液中离子之间相互结合生成沉淀或气体或水,否则反应就不能发生,则<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/12F5C4AC564AD3765E56094E20CC81FF.png"><br>溶液和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/A6943099ECA63A02935F1505C92DC873.png"><br>溶液混合后,(填“能”或“不能”)发生复分解反应。2.写出一个有<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/7715D7B85DF1951D46E3C589E1C71B12.png"><br>生成的中和反应的化学方程式:。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/c7a16a01d1a647f7b3aa312e5ebc3a2c/47F0480FB265703540978D87ED4E6460.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/7f5fe5b53b5047b2a1a4845a4ef8e156/BCF86485124ACC9B14901A8CD8EAFD02.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>某化学兴趣小组的同学在实验室里探究某些酸、碱、盐之间是否发生复分解反应。<br>【实验与探究】<br><tbody><br>内容<br>现象<br>实验分析<br>实验<br>一<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/2347611CB73F0023C2D7BE1F2C167505.png"><br>①<br>_<br>_________________<br>化学方程式是②<br>_<br>_________________<br>实验二<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/E7F78C7C2715A0A0A0ED9F6E84D511CE.png"><br>溶液颜色由红色恰好变为无色<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/5F0DA5BFA3E1A403924AE0A68A22A797.png"><br>实验三<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/1B25CB5F44082808DB6FBE8A7B306141.png"><br>产生白色沉淀<br>该反应的实质是<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/498A64E06FF48B17E0B79614D3743510.png"><br></tbody><br>【结论】生成物中有气体或有⑤<br>_<br>_________________<br>或有沉淀时,复分解反应可以发生实验三结束后,某同学出于好奇,把实验三试管里的上层清液<br>a<br>倒入另一支洁净的试管中,向清液<br>a<br>中逐滴滴加<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/2AF4B38ED3DA4A0676087C3FEA1A2926.png"><br>溶液。在滴<br>加过程<br>中,发现先产生气泡,然后又产生白色沉淀。根据上述现象,请你判断原清液<br>a<br>中的溶质是⑥<br>_<br>_________________<br>【拓展与应用】将稀盐酸、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/899E87B27F1236109AC87103F2D31DB2.png"><br>溶液、<br>NaCl<br>溶液、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/14/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>溶液中任意两种溶液相混合,写出能发生反应且有沉淀生成的化学方程式⑦<br>_<br>_________________<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/23d71e8124d541a78f312a42191e68db/82546EE9289EA59DF5EEA3D70D95BE18.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/510ce5dab8434906917c931c45c58986/2D946FEB95C0234C08CE8D15801F2261.png"><br><br>
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