2021-2022学年人教版九年级化学下册月度整合测评（二）B卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>成贵高铁是中国的第一条山区高铁,也是全球第一条山区高铁。高铁列车上给乘客准备了种类丰富的以下饮品,其中属于溶液的是( )<br>A.可乐 B.酸奶 C.果粒橙 D.玉米糊<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/fb463e4ba05f48f5ab01131498f2dd2f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/d05274352e164d75b15f0bf852f9e2a9/14C3DD6EB139A90485F45EF1B4B181AC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>准确配制一定溶质质量分数的溶液在生产、生活中具有十分重要的意义。欲配制质量分数为6%的NaCl溶液,下列有关操作正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/4F1DDBD04BCC784B35D15C1E86F5EF9B.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/3B9F2281BF37CAEA7AD1AC896DAFAD68.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/896EF3A6696292B8BC44F64C27EBF93C.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/349E889E90EF9DFE9305D30E53EC456D.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/692b62cc3e3146c9926eae1275998d8c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/546183ee9d0f432eaab90a1325b3db1a/1B9128C65427FE219F97E36A26428027.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在图所示的大烧杯中加入一定量的硝酸铵,溶解后甲试管内出现的现象以及乙试管内的溶液分别是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/3C997832D3AE6655FD83A306B6C781EF.png"><br>A.无明显现象;不饱和溶液<br>B.无明显现象;饱和溶液<br>C.有晶体析出;不饱和溶液<br>D.有晶体析出;饱和溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/4eb753baca934fa2af7d6f5bf1292757/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/91af6eb8ed3d41628548c7826d185e39/E43E7BEAA982A3C2D3ED8CA9E915B28C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>硝酸钾的溶解度随温度升高而增大。图是有关硝酸钾溶液的实验操作及变化情况。下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/2AC598775D92D3A14F67E52585FEBB27.png"><br>A.操作I一定是降温<br>B.操作I一定是加溶质<br>C.①与③的溶质质量一定相等<br>D.②与③的溶质质量分数一定相等<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/c4916776d0e946d7852c5006db11a7ea/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/c44a8f8da62d4510a045b96f3bf8d66e/3DF1F00A38E9F91B03FFD9819C74D169.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>2019年3月25日,辽宁省锦州市动物园饲养的孔雀发生H7N9亚型高致病性禽流感。为了预防禽流感扩散,饲养员定期会用15%的过氧乙酸溶液进行消毒。若在实验室配制15%的过氧乙酸溶液,下列说法不正确的是( )<br>A.配制15%的过氧乙酸溶液100g,需要过氧乙酸15g<br>B.配制时把过氧乙酸倒入装有水的烧杯中搅拌溶解<br>C.用量筒量取水时,如果俯视液面,则配制的溶液的溶质质量分数偏小<br>D.配制好的溶液装入试剂瓶中,盖好瓶塞并贴上标签<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/0f5f2720e4f346b989578954ed936bb8/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/54a2807723044567aa4efacf72cb80b1/98EE99E057A55702EDA2E702EC9D3C68.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列氧化物中,通常情况下既不与酸反应,又不与碱反应的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>B.CO<br>C.CaO<br>D.CuO<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/f78a005360664f7c93c8aaaa6ba8fd0b/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/52fb51c5477e4b8ebf2a17b8e806df7d/FA20EB95B1B23B942C1859A216620CBE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列物质长期放置在空气中,溶液质量因发生化学变化而减小的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/4ECACFEBCC37EE7073E5B2183EE0B735.png"><br>溶液<br>B.NaOH溶液<br>C.浓盐酸<br>D.石灰水<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/ef6f0c22b90948019dd15a8c772297cc/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/a54d982353de4943bb7bbcbf7ed17110/5A7C2124FA711C59D834CF38935101BD.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>一些食物pH的近似值范围如下:橘子汁3.0~4.0;泡菜3.2~3.6;牛奶6.3~6.6;鸡蛋清7.6~8.0。下列说法中,不正确的是( )<br>A.鸡蛋清显碱性<br>B.胃酸过多的人应少吃泡菜<br>C.橘子汁能使紫色石蕊溶液变红<br>D.牛奶比橘子汁的酸性强<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/f4c57120337541dc83f9dd7a49b2a1a5/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/7fe3c6a0f080450493bccb52361f9343/0E4B22E7BDDB0F5C8C7B54A6FA8A7656.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>25℃时,向20.0mL质量分数为30%的盐酸中滴加氢氧化钠溶液,溶液的pH与所加氢氧化钠溶液的体积如图所示。下列有关叙述正确的( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/29/21A32DBD212423D79EFD7510805D8459.png"><br>A.b、d点对应溶液的pH:b>d<br>B.所用氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数一定为30%<br>C.向b点对应的溶液中滴加紫色石蕊试液,溶液呈蓝色<br>D.d点对应的溶液中所含的溶质是NaCl和NaOH<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4dfc2605b239408e8feca1b285181aa6/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/44b046df442149c0a6c122d604e4cdb3/ED817C7C474721A24A86717BB6432F2C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>所示是生活中一些常见物质的pH,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/5/5866A753D93E28DE437688799C578581.png"><br>A.胃酸过多的人应少饮苹果汁 B.肥皂水呈酸性<br>C.西瓜汁呈碱性 D.从左到右各物质的酸性增强<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3b9b3c14e2e24a5d9763d813e48f1009/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c4a7d5c65ab446eea73f368bf569a040/81AB9C79E75027CCB7BB8C450FAFCBB9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>某同学想用pH试纸测定一些物质的pH,下列做法能达到实验目的的是( )<br>A.用干燥的pH试纸测定白醋的pH<br>B.用干燥的pH试纸测定二氧化碳气体的pH<br>C.用干燥的pH试纸测定98%的浓硫酸的pH<br>D.用湿润的pH试纸测定0.4%的氢氧化钠溶液的pH<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/19e6e20dc1fb4eb0a11c6ec686e6a466/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某实验小组使用pH传感器探究稀盐酸和氢氧化钠溶液的反应,实验过程中溶液pH的变化如图所示。下列说法中,正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/25/5CFB0D40AE2DCB3835BA3C1576F70578.png"><br>A.图中a点时的溶液pH>7,呈酸性<br>B.图中c点时的溶液里溶质只有氯化钠<br>C.该实验是将氢氧化钠溶液滴加到稀盐酸中<br>D.该反应的微观实质是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/25/5A88E918D2C805F9D6EA86574E974653.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/25/A0AAB2CD09E9EAC704F37CBD3E994A0C.png"><br>结合生成<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/25/AA5DD1505F1D7A06A012CABC988FF45C.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/548f7e4c28ab4c188fa15b8ca8215ee5/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e192ed9e372845f8bdda32e7037f61d7/90A1CA393D067D8DD2E7F998F0B697DC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>蒸馏水和澄清石灰水长期敞口放置,它们的pH会( )<br>A.前者不变,后者变大 B.前者变小,后者变大<br>C.两者都变小 D.两者都变大<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/8beb43eca4b54a408d3010dd799e3693/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ad561fdadfa8415496f71d0e8c67b397/22BD3B1A18EA028F27879C59EDBF3BC0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较难<br>A、B、C三种固体物质的溶解度曲线如图2所示,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/15/3B9DA26CF4EB88B1FCA7A4F74465C9B8.png"><br>A.阴影区域中,A、C均处于不饱和状态<br>B.除去B固体中含有的少量A杂质,可采用配成热饱和溶液,降温结晶、过滤、洗涤、干燥的方法提纯B<br>C.将A和B的饱和溶液从<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/15/128EEA09B8BDD40D7116405FDB835673.png"><br>℃降到<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/15/91B4A0ED46DA0B03A2A8CF22C0EEF470.png"><br>℃时,析出晶体的质量关系为A>B<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/15/91B4A0ED46DA0B03A2A8CF22C0EEF470.png"><br>℃时,将50g固体A加入到200g水中,所得溶液溶质的质量分数约为16.7%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ceb23b2031834358ae4d7b980cc10aa5/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/dbf1525fc597407fb947338098fa8140/AB4C3F680B50C0DCEFD54792C67914F8.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>某化学兴趣小组在进行酸碱中和反应的实验探究时,向烧杯中的氢氧化钠<br>溶<br>液滴加稀盐酸一会儿后,发现忘记添加酸碱指示剂。某同学从烧杯中取少量反应后的溶液于一支试管中,并向试管中滴加几滴无色酚酞试液,振荡,观察到试管中溶液不变色。于是针对此溶液的成分,同学们进行了科学探究<br>(<br>)猜想与假设<br>:<br>猜想<br>一<br>:<br>反应后氢氧化钠<br>过量,溶液呈碱性;<br>猜想二:氢氧化钠与盐酸恰好完全中和,溶液呈中性;<br>猜想三:<br>_<br>___________________<br>同学们经过讨论后觉得猜想一不正确,其理由是<br>_<br>___________________<br>(<br>)设计并进行实验:<br>①化学兴趣小组的同学为了验证自己的猜想,设计了实验方案<br>:<br><tbody><br>实验步骤<br>实验现象<br>实验结论<br>用洁净、干燥的玻璃棒蘸取少量反应后的溶液滴在干燥的<br>pH<br>试纸上,观察颜色变化并与标准比色卡对比<br>pH<br>_<br>___________________<br>(填<br>“>”“=”或“<”<br>)<br>猜想二不成立猜想<br>三成立<br></tbody><br>②请你设计另一个实验方案(与实验方案<br>一<br>不同),验证猜想三成立,并填写下表:<br><tbody><br>实验步骤<br>实验现象<br>实验结论<br>_<br>___________________<br>_<br>___________________<br>猜想<br>三成立<br></tbody><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/fe65a7b1868d46488200549da92276ed/CF94746D143D52C663553F7EC2F2D407.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/d1bab28a61554e87b008d13c4cc1a184/6FC4F14966F376D233BDC41DE20971C4.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>溶液在生产、生活中起着十分重要的作用:请回答下列问题。<br>1.可以作为溶质的是。A.只有固体B.只有液体C.只有气体D.气体、液体、固体都可以2.配制100g质量分数为16%的氯化钠溶液,所需氯化钠的质量为,水的体积为mL(水的密度近似看作1<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/F6A14BACA43DE1841246795AE20FCE7E.png"><br>)。3.甲、乙两种不含结晶水的固体物质的溶解度曲线如图所示。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/54F4EE0DA5083E7659AD2201F15650FB.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/C6E87E68D2F400CA51AE7BDAEF76A0E7.png"><br>时,甲物质的溶解度是。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/755F794063FA09024D4D5E0E353ABCD0.png"><br>时,若从甲和乙两种物质的饱和溶液中析出等质量的固体,须蒸发掉较多水的是(填“甲”或“乙”)物质的饱和溶液。4.按图所示装置,将液体x注入装有固体y的试管中,会导致U形管中右端液面升高,则可能的组合是。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/FE326D0239254F1221B58D76A89C0EE1.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/12068b369edb490db59c71df75d9677d/1CF4DB444274CF0158C74F0C6C51CD9B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/d5d44e07d11640b88cc4eba2c87d9855/42F39ED3E938E94005F2B7A040D78AD1.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>已知<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>在不同<br>温度时的溶解度如下表:<br><tbody><br>温度<br>/<br>℃<br>10<br>20<br>30<br>40<br>50<br>60<br>70<br>80<br>溶解度<br>/g<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>29.4<br>33.3<br>37.2<br>41.4<br>45.8<br>50.4<br>55.2<br>60.2<br>65.6<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>13.3<br>20.9<br>31.6<br>45.8<br>63.9<br>85.5<br>110<br>138<br>169<br></tbody><br>请回答下列问题<br>:<br>1.在35℃时,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>的溶解度(填或“>”“=”“<”)<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>的溶解度 。2.若<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>固体中含有少量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>固体,可采用(填“蒸发结晶”或“降温结晶”)获得<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>晶体。3.25℃时,将15克<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>固体溶解在50克水中,所得溶液为(填“饱和溶液”或“不饱和溶液”)。4.20℃时,饱和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/3/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>溶液的溶质质量分数为(精确到0.1%)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/980f71ece3e642ba9b7181ce228d690c/2A535732E60947D20692C013DEB60C01.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/77a89db0371b47f0b20961d3fc3cc04e/3D7F9248E5FDE94519DB1061EDBD21BC.png"><br><br>
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