江苏省扬州市江都区八校2021届九年级3月联考化学试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>现代社会的生产和生活要消耗大量能量,下列活动中,通过化学反应提供能量的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/5EDADB7301059F51A3DD79D46B4A79AF.png"><br>发射航天飞机<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/F3D90E0A1D2AC95C796D815DA91F5679.png"><br>水车汲水灌溉<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/44DC68B0701A5F80547E6E87427875BD.png"><br>太阳能热水器<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/D29FE3D94205A9C9B21123D77CFEE700.png"><br>风力发电<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c83642c8661c4f7fb5bee9ad27dcc3bc/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>阻燃剂氢氧化镁<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/66CEA552BB2E7EC1E703A625118C98BC.png"><br>属于( )<br>A.氧化物 B.盐 C.碱 D.酸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/06bf073e2669431b9b9b6020b92b175a/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>2012年2月,国务院同意发布新修订的《环境空气质量标准》增加了PM2.5监测指标。PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物。雾霾空气中含有大量的( )<br>A.二氧化碳 B.一氧化碳<br>C.二氧化硫 D.可吸入颗粒物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0f4f28e9f3894d1c8d3fd6d4db93038d/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>凯氏定氮法中用硼酸(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/3DD0D4C98E7F88D899BC7A31C50E6CB5.png"><br>)等试剂进行蛋白质含氮量测定,硼酸中硼元素的化合价是( )<br>A.+1<br>B.+2<br>C.+3<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/3200FCD7DF5E91ED76ED8DC613A371BD.png"><br>D.+6<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a74d864fd0494c23988a8bd78e63245f/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列实验操作正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/D67B3D4FBCA3F648B781845E3967A29F.png"><br>加热液体<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/7664B36B3323430EE58DD3688B5E1D8E.png"><br>测定溶液pH<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/498762374C944DAEF4E593796D2EAAC7.png"><br>稀释浓硫酸<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/F0434EE0B09CC62AEC25B34ABFFAEBDC.png"><br>过滤<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/e5691c4f25d24177a01965bae1910581/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列说法错误的是( )<br>A.沾满油污的工具用汽油清洗,是利用汽油的溶解功能<br>B.中和反应有水和盐生成,但是生成水和盐的不一定是中和反应<br>C.长期使用硫酸铵会使土壤呈酸性,应将硫酸铵与熟石灰混合使用<br>D.饱和溶液的溶质质量分数不一定比不饱和溶液的溶质质量分数大<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/32feb880f8d84b8c8e4ebed9500a1bea/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列反应中属于置换反应的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/474BA53B71024A663F34C657BA237A88.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/4ACDC42731959F9923995C81E5CD4F64.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/E80E489B51BD5310538A30786CA1BE12.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/472925976D1D866966B3C901D95E01C1.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/8026c3b8ad3a4285a5f5b2ae754f137d/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>某同学做实验时记录了下列实验现象,其中正确的是( )<br>A.红磷在空气中燃烧,产生大量白色烟雾<br>B.细铁丝在氧气中剧烈燃烧,火星四射,有黑色固体生成<br>C.少量高锰酸钾固体溶于水,得到绿色溶液<br>D.硫在氧气中燃烧产生淡蓝色火焰<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/63d248d5130b4cd9822dde4c147f2d24/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列有关试剂保存的说法错误的是( )<br>A.用细口试剂瓶可以保存稀硫酸或浓硫酸<br>B.广口试剂瓶中加水,可用来保存白磷<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/6/15/208EF09C6B6699BA255DFAA9B786F313.png"><br>溶液通常保存在滴瓶中<br>D.氧化铜粉末一般保存在广口瓶中<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/c0d85971f3fc4e5eb420a408237dab4c/3B542E2E5009FB2B8A841B80B58D5603.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/c4571456d3a9474e8578ef759ba4cefe/330002023B8CAC64596EAD2ECD62E2A8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>以下是从小张同学实验报告中摘录的部分实验数据。数据记录正确的是( )<br>A.用量筒量取食盐溶液5.86mL<br>B.用20mL酒精和20mL蒸馏水配制成40mL酒精溶液<br>C.用广泛pH试纸测得某溶液的pH值为7.3<br>D.用托盘天平称取明矾22.1g<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3617330f717046d18e9f9062eaf6a3a1/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列液体在敞口的容器中放置一段时间后,溶液质量会变大的是( )<br>A.浓硫酸 B.浓盐酸 C.氯化钠溶液 D.澄清石灰水<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/383fcca489cd461395dc243d20fc8f58/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>高氯酸铵(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/6974E38CB2FF623D3608A8ED4A13F360.png"><br>)可用作火箭推进剂,其发生分解反应的化学方程式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/87CB575C073C434D2DDAE74DD86FE4CA.png"><br>,则X的化学式为( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/B8412B99EF52FBFC82A6EBAC7C8B8D8E.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/EC3292BA20EA95699E445A75CBF39462.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>D.HCl<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1ade2be70d2440318026fa417cfb63d8/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是甲、乙、丙三种物质的溶解度曲线,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/10/22/538A7E3D0494FC9F53542BFEF300B37C.png"><br>A.<br>t<br><sub>1</sub>℃时,把甲的不饱和溶液变为饱和溶液,溶剂质量一定不变<br>B.<br>t<br><sub>2</sub>℃时,甲、乙两种物质饱和溶液的溶质质量分数一定相等<br>C.将<br>t<br><sub>1</sub>℃时的甲、乙、丙三种物质的饱和溶液升温到<br>t<br><sub>2</sub>℃,三种溶液的溶质质量分数大小关系:甲=乙>丙<br>D.若甲中混有少量乙,可采用蒸发结晶的方法提纯甲<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/49267a9cbf3f4a6c9e3ce899d7e1267e/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/1def2ae030a34b95bf0e086daab653e1/93CA676D988EFE710103C203D7BEFBB0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>航天探测发现:金星是一个被浓密大气层包围的固体球,大气层的成分之一是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/35884734FF568717A55495890555DCF0.png"><br>,实验证明其化学性质与CO相似。下列关于<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/35884734FF568717A55495890555DCF0.png"><br>的说法不正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/35884734FF568717A55495890555DCF0.png"><br>这种气体密度大于空气<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/35884734FF568717A55495890555DCF0.png"><br>能使澄清石灰水变浑<br>C.在一定条件下<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/35884734FF568717A55495890555DCF0.png"><br>能还原氧化铁<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/35884734FF568717A55495890555DCF0.png"><br>充分燃烧的产物是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7d7ea6d3a3bd444a8a595f4d877a891b/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>混有某种物质的碳酸钙100g与足量的稀盐酸反应后,放出45g二氧化碳气体,则混入的物质可能是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/5B8D38F2053ED42E3CF96259C61F9F65.png"><br>B.NaOH<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/049D802E7350A56DC61AAD18655E5681.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/B53A1B31DC590FB6BB2BF77B5F00904C.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0683113bc67f4f13b407694b675f1f5f/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>人体缺乏维生素A易得夜盲症。维生素A的化学式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/E02DC9E47D575C7181BBDD8561CF4C6E.png"><br>,下列说法不正确的是( )<br>A.维生素A属于化合物<br>B.维生素A中含有51个原子<br>C.维生素A中氧元素的质量分数最小<br>D.维生素A由C、H、O三种元素组成<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/aa073a32b38b40cd989cb5f02d33d0e4/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：较易<br>利用催化剂可消除室内装修材料释放的甲醛,其反应微观示意图如下,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/10/57BFCF5E95BD5AF0EE54048EB5A372C8.png"><br>A.该反应类型为复分解反应<br>B.该反应中包含两种氧化物<br>C.该反应中生成物的质量比为22∶9<br>D.该反应中反应物三种原子个数比为1∶1∶1<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/2be2e00f84604b76954019e3ec0fc37d/DED0EF50CCECB5AC708154DA3F19061B.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中所含杂质的方法正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>物质<br>杂质<br>除杂试剂<br>提纯方法<br>A<br>KCl<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/19DB00263A67B64F8C686CD794139E8F.png"><br>水<br>充分溶解、过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>B<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>CO<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>点燃<br>C<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/B24F7CDE6AD9E94EFD42E801F850ED99.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/C33BDE800D867632B103C25FB2DA0A2F.png"><br>稀盐酸<br>加过量稀盐酸,充分反应后蒸发结晶<br>D<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/8A763D71E086C83FA2DCFA8805132E5B.png"><br>溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/4FB7AD564C35ED9EDA3BF27B0AFBCB50.png"><br>Cu粉<br>加入少量的铜粉,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1e367388f4354d5f8acd282a618416b8/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：中等<br>向一定量的稀盐酸中加入铁粉,下列示意图正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/7F576DC2543CBDA24A7C8AFF66304507.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/E6854D73FAC6B5BBBB271C13AAE0B6AC.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/11AE149F0B85E43B7D1FCF210368B9EC.png"><br>.<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/DCC2CBD6B6B069713DB7F63FEB3C767E.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/79a448bbfa074c0d9990ef793f339661/BDFF15D8D941257DA32E80A18C28199A.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：中等<br>某实验室提出了一种煤制氢技术。其流程如下图所示。资料:Ⅰ.水煤浆是由煤(主要含碳)与水混合而成,经过气化器后转化为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>。Ⅱ.在气化器中发生了两个反应:①<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/303F02FD7E8ACBC688D453E584C21577.png"><br>②<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/A7DEB0A569220EED60B329E6023259B7.png"><br>下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/1A883FAEBFF9361395A6EFE6F27FA9FE.png"><br>A.气化器中发生的反应均为置换反应<br>B.流程中需不断加入CaO<br>C.重整器的作用是分离<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>D.100kg氢气燃烧理论上可生成水900kg<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a6133ab7e35a4c46bfc0f5fc0feadc8a/BDFF15D8D941257DA32E80A18C28199A.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>家庭厨房就是一个<br>“<br>化学小宇宙<br>”<br>“<br>锅碗瓢盆<br>”<br>和<br>“<br>柴米油盐<br>”<br>中包含着许多的化学知识。<br>1.碗里有油时,用水洗不干净,这说明油脂_________________的物理性质;洗洁精能轻松去油,是利用了洗洁精的_________________作用。<br>2.水的硬度影响着人们的生活,用_________________以鉴别硬水和软水,生活中将硬水转化为软水常用的方法是_________________。3.目前家用燃料主要是天然气<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/CDE08DE09A11174D3A8CC4A13B43D038.png"><br>,完全燃烧的化学方程式_________________,不完全燃烧时不仅造成资源浪费,而且会产生_________________,该气体是有毒气体,会降低_________________的携氧能力。4.炒菜多用铁锅,是利用了铁的_________________,炒菜时使用铁强化酱油。人体中缺少铁元素,会导致_________________。炒菜时油锅中的油不慎着火,可用锅盖盖灭,其灭火原理为_________________。家用铁锅未洗净晾干,会生锈,其主要原因是铁与_________________接触发生锈蚀。除铁锈,可以用盐酸,其反应的化学方程式是_________________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/e326de62f3744e449767fe0ed1961b83/0329C422514FF85D865987EC69D20A5D.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>化学与我们的生活密切相关,请从下列物质中选择合适的字母序号填空。<br>A.<br>盐酸<br>B.<br>氯化钠<br>C.<br>纯碱<br>D.<br>熟石灰<br>E.<br>干冰<br>F.<br>生石灰<br>1.人体胃液中含有的酸是_________________2.侯氏联合制碱法中的“碱”是_________________3.配制波尔多液用的碱是_________________4.旺旺雪饼中的干燥剂_________________5.常用作舞台生“烟”_________________6.可作厨房调味品的是_________________<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/496757159ffa4947a1ce40b8f5b169d6/6A6E88B46D6B2365866E89A7B0C1D27E.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>某学习<br>小组用传感器探究钠与水的反应,得到如下图像,其中图<br>是反应过程中溶液温度与时间的图像,图<br>是反应过程中溶液<br>pH<br>与时间的图像,<br>回答下列问题<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/D73C6F3DC3631C2664E42513D4E61F65.png"><br>1.钠与水的反应属于___________反应(填“吸热”或“放热”)。<br>2.反应产生的气体为氢气,检验氢气纯度的操作是(请补充完整):用拇指堵住集满气体的试管口,移近酒精灯火焰,松开拇指,实验中能表明氢气不纯的现象是___________。3.钠与水反应的化学方程式为___________;4.将少量金属钠投入稀的氯化铁溶液中,产生了无色气体和一种红褐色沉淀,红褐色沉淀的化学式为___________,与反应前溶液相比,反应后溶液质量___________(填“增大”、“不变”或“减小”)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6ff30de55fee4a3eb57b5e316f178856/6F34790F18DD9400BA6BA2BE91290268.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>根据下列实验装置图,回答下列有关问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/8D325E8DF99FB7BA4596839FD18DD826.png"><br>1.图中标有①的仪器名称是___________________。<br>2.如果用A装置制取二氧化碳,检查气密性后在锥形瓶内加入的固体物质是___________________,写出用A装置制取二氧化碳的化学方程式:___________________。3.用排水法收集并测量产生<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>的体积,则应该让___________________导管与c连接。4.用实验证明氢氧化钙溶液与稀盐酸能发生反应,氢氧化钠溶液与二氧化碳也能发生反应。如图所示进行实验(装置气密性良好,实验前活塞和弹簧夹K处于关闭状态)。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/11655AEE89CA9011F1D89A79961E7031.png"><br>实验一:证明氢氧化钙溶液与稀盐酸发生反应打开分液漏斗的活塞,使稀盐酸逐滴滴加入G锥形瓶中,观察到___________________的现象时,关闭活塞,证明氢氧化钙溶液与稀盐酸发生反应。实验二:证明氢氧化钠与二氧化碳反应将注射器中的氢氧化钠溶液推入H锥形瓶中,过一段时间后,打开弹簧夹K,观察到___________________的现象并且溶液呈红色,证明氢氧化钠溶液与二氧化碳确实发生了反应。锥形瓶H中溶液最后呈红色________________(填“能”或“不能”)证明氢氧化钠有剩余。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6bc3c5e5a4b14e1d99b310ae93c6967b/D0818BFC6F2D0DA76387BC1054A8B429.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>工业上利用太阳能进行海水晒盐已知海水蒸发浓缩过程中析出盐的种类和质量如下表<br>:<br>(表中数据为每升海水在浓缩过程中析出各种盐的质量,单位为<br>g<br>)<br><tbody><br>海水密度<br>/<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/3602AC2049C50994524E5ADE1EB3E602.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/B00734F80AF8B27AA9D2906214E4E067.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/410694FB5B13F2A4E3A469530E1EBAF8.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/9088F9111F1A003D21C1331598B3FA03.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/3328E72500086AC6BC09C7B44848C2B4.png"><br>.13<br>.56<br><br>.20<br>.91<br><br>.21<br>.05<br>.26<br>.004<br>.008<br>.22<br>.015<br>.65<br>.01<br>.04<br>.26<br>.01<br>.64<br>.02<br>.02<br>.04<br>.31<br>.40<br>.54<br>.03<br>.06<br></tbody><br>1.海水从密度为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/2BCFF90DB03029C4AA07404A33D391DF.png"><br>浓缩到<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/7798AD61B4F4119DA84EE62FFE3ABA0C.png"><br>时发生的变化是。A.各种盐的溶解度增大B.海水中水的质量不变C.析出粗盐中NaCl的质量分数增大D.海水中Br的质量分数不变2.海水在浓缩过程中,最先析出的盐是。实际晒盐生产中海水的密度一般控制在<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/1D7DD55C7241737E3AF26FE747AA2EF6.png"><br>范围内。由上表可知,所得粗盐中含有的杂质离子有。3.下图能较正确地反映浓缩过程中海水中NaCl的质量分数(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/CBFBE55600F1CAB1DDA83D8A469C1A5F.png"><br>)与海水密度(<br>d<br>)的关系的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/23FF1FDE7824E0582BA7C247A87AF8B5.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/E15ABD9BD67AD1C52A25869941514DD6.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/187D596847A613773D3C19ED6BFBA59A.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/13/50FA436D59DFBEB0DF93DC8473B197CB.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/c6a596af6275426bb2eeefabd0f64087/A9E111F34A40B57EB9F239C0BE182E0E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/2f4b26e275054efea32472006eb00b4a/EE8ABF0695243C2CE20A8D3B1EBBC688.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>黄铁矿<br>(<br>主要成分为<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/30BFA091F7F1A10407CB0A35CC87C5C3.png"><br>,杂质高温下<br>不<br>反应。<br>)<br>是我国硫酸厂制取硫酸的主要原料。<br>某兴趣<br>小组欲测定某黄铁矿中<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/30BFA091F7F1A10407CB0A35CC87C5C3.png"><br>含量,设计了如下实验<br>(<br>假设每步反应均完全<br>)<br>【查阅资料】<br>①<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/C57C52523C99A28AB5E7D70C70CAA77E.png"><br>②<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/0A1D62D4461806305E58A1368D1FF434.png"><br>③<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/E7F84554363873C895F5F0E0D07364D2.png"><br>为一种不溶于水、不溶于盐酸的沉淀。<br>【实验探究】<br>Ⅰ.<br>称取<br>4.80g<br>黄铁矿样品放入下图所示装置<br>(<br>夹持和加热装置省略<br>)<br>的石英管中,从<br>a<br>处不断<br>地缓缓通入空气,高温灼烧石英管中的黄铁矿样品至反应完全。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/317EAB7AB23DF771548435D2531FC7EE.png"><br>Ⅱ.<br>反应结束后,将<br>B<br>瓶中的溶液按上图流程进行处理。<br>1.<br>写出<br>Ⅰ<br>中<br>B<br>瓶内发生反应的一个化学反应方程式是<br>_______________<br>;<br>.Ⅰ<br>中通入的空气中作用是<br>_________<br>和<br>________<br>;<br>.Ⅱ<br>中加入盐酸溶液的目的是<br>________<br>;<br>.Ⅱ<br>中检验滤渣洗涤是否干净的方法是<br>________<br>【含量测定】<br>.<br>根据题中提供的数据,计算该黄铁矿中<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/11/30BFA091F7F1A10407CB0A35CC87C5C3.png"><br>的质量分数。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/019d39fcbef446baaed41499571c2ddd/F8CFEEA323190DFB64B80699FECF8C6E.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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