第十一单元 盐 化肥——2021-2022学年人教版化学九年级下册单元易错题速练
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将下列各组物质放入足量的水中,充分搅拌后,得到无色溶液的是( )<br>A.硝酸钾和氯化铁 B.氢氧化钾和盐酸<br>C.硫酸铜和氢氧化钠 D.硫酸钠和氯化钡<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/afc3a7553d684f43b595764987551d83/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/a7b79d9afcce4930a7208d65216c326c/D3E689A45F7226BF6C7F73D7BC937835.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各组物质的溶液之间能发生复分解反应,且有沉淀生成的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/52531C8FF9C2695F64E47B800621094A.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/D93E6F0A04BCA7A340926481AA557712.png"><br>C.NaOH、HCl<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/D5B7712F140DA1813A7E655BE715AFC4.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/746117c7297744029d3cf73f9facadae/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/f0c593c780d747318329dc7971c6742f/B5D03FD885A26AE6BE25FD3343C13E47.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列离子能在含有硫酸的溶液中大量共存的是( )。A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/D0AE5D486288BF058167A18C751FB6B8.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/FAB8FD73615182F232397788AE42ED57.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/2292C5935342A3C280F65D3DB4F39A1D.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/6549EBF011785F7C1EC4F226AFBF7CB0.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/c9032170698a4114802b6dd1d4327ae1/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/abd22fd1d8984c679a4289b23b6c23ae/B7DC089AC812A5BD56B284C0197AAD5C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列肥料中含营养元素种类最少的是( )<br>A.KCl<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/B460EFC9FB23F9811C0E60B31C298EAC.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/3D33591E531D2B5378585DA0A7398BB5.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/ebe61f5c07da4187a5d50f557c759957/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/6d140a2934b64d1d9c872bc1905b6367/6C114393D3B035807CC14281F0921CF6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列化肥分别与熟石灰混合研磨后,能闻到刺激性气味的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/A6943099ECA63A02935F1505C92DC873.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/15/8AFC66BB3AF2CB73539C55487BB2DDDC.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/eec004b2ff31497aa8e38bf3625745a4/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/f77f8ff3e748482bbd3e16269b4d8be5/E89AE0326FA5CB0D2271DB438893F133.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中混有的少量杂质,下列方案不可行的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质<br>杂质<br>方案<br>A<br>Cu粉<br>Zn粉<br>加入足量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/2AC1A4FAF14CF4A728016A411339C27A.png"><br>溶液后过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>B<br>CO气体<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>气体<br>通过足量的氢氧化钠溶液后干燥<br>C<br>NaCl固体<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>固体<br>加入足量的稀盐酸后蒸发<br>D<br>NaCl溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/AF46297A9702CDB7F07F372B6B2255C7.png"><br>加入过量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/12F5C4AC564AD3765E56094E20CC81FF.png"><br>溶液,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/7e10e10cfc3844b4bbe9ff12d3b64cbe/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/55893dbb936043808d509889bad35c3b/2714FE1E0ED02795CDA6A808D4D43A6F.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>某实验小组用足量稀盐酸分别与等浓度的碳酸钠溶液和碳酸氢钠溶液反应,实验装置和测得数据如图所示。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/11/3822282D4787ED1DA8973FA86C043EB8.png"><br>1.写出碳酸氢钠与稀盐酸反应的化学方程式:___________________。<br>2.小组同学分析后,得出实验结论:相同条件下,两种碳酸盐和等量等浓度的稀盐酸反应时,碳酸氢钠产生气体的速率比碳酸钠要快。通过图像分析,你的理由是_____________;除图像证据外,还可以通过比较相同时间内________________(填写一点实验现象)的差异得出结论。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/5ca6bf51bebd4dda8d73517d5dc2dda5/20997728762580E0332F20278F15DE48.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>在学习复分解反应发生的条件后,同学们利用已学知识,对稀硫酸与下表中的四种化合物的溶液之间能否发生反应作出判断,并进行实验验证:<br>?<br><tbody><br>物质<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/25/41D3634CE13BC8A938B2F3701819330A.png"><br>溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/25/1675E8124553C7BDC9DB7000A05EE54C.png"><br>溶<br>液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/25/5F6817BE9E15F91EB1392E64CC18DE3C.png"><br>溶<br>液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/25/BD06F4BD1B533FFD6D2EF3004ECF6536.png"><br>溶液<br>能否反应<br>能<br>不能<br>能<br>能<br>实<br>验<br>现象<br>无明显现象<br>无明起现象<br>产生气泡<br>产生白色沉淀<br></tbody><br>1.判断<img 溶液与稀硫酸能发生反应的依据是生成物中有________生成。【提出问题】对于没有明显现象的反应,如何设计实验进行证明?【设计实验】在老师的指导下,同学们向少量稀硫酸中逐滴加入过量<img 溶液,并进行了如下分组实验:<br><tbody><br>组号<br>操作<br>实验现象<br>结论<br>用<br><img<br>试纸测定实验前后溶液的<br><img<br><img<br>由<br>变至<br>能反应<br>向反应后的溶液中加入适<br>量<br><img<br>溶液<br>产生白色沉淀<br>不能<br>反应<br>向反应后的溶液中加入适<br>量<br><img<br>溶液<br>能<br>反应<br></tbody><br>2.若开始时将<img 试纸用蒸馏水润湿,则测得的稀硫酸的<img 将(填“偏大”、“偏小”或“不变”)。3.请你判断第2小组同学得出的结论是否正确,并说明理由________________。<br>4.第3小组的实验现象为________________。【实验结论】对于无明显现象的反应,我们可以分析比较反应物和生成物的性质,从多个角度设计实验进行证明。【实验反思】向<img 溶液中通入少量<img ,再向其中加入有气泡产生,即可证明<img 与<img 发生了反应。【拓展提升】稀硫酸与<img 溶液不能发生反应,请你设计实验进行证明________________(写出实验操作与现象)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/f7e8a7effa9e4d9d8b4b8bba27d09104/987BDC94BDDB1AC832F67B29D082B25B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/651cd97724c245a3b6c3dcb813863d34/9879F49B0B8F6D0C9F972CF7E46B089D.png"><br><br>
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