2021-2022学年人教版化学九年级化学用语通关小练（5）化学方程式的意义与书写
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有关<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/13/4E633F7C6CDEFF3A3428DF53465F52A3.png"><br>的叙述正确的是( )<br>A.一氧化碳加氧气混合就生成二氧化碳<br>B.一氧化碳和氧气在点燃条件下反应生成二氧化碳<br>C.两个一氧化碳分子加一个氧分子混合就生成两个二氧化碳分子<br>D.2g一氧化碳和1g氧气在点燃条件下反应生成2g二氧化碳<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/7f8e05731d6e4ad18936c67dd88531c8/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/6735a313b2b44dda818cbf856b43b905/B10ACD4C8741B2C69A5BC9C4F9A303E2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>对于甲烷燃烧的化学方程式<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/DDD89AB6FDA6B11A2B3E890EBDE683D4.png"><br>,下列理解错误的是( )<br>A.甲烷和氧气在点燃的条件下生成二氧化碳和水<br>B.参加反应的甲烷和氧气与反应生成的二氧化碳和水的分子个数之比为1:2:1:2<br>C.1个甲烷分子和2个氧气分子反应生成1个二氧化碳分子和2个水分子<br>D.16g甲烷和32g氧气反应生成44g二氧化碳和18g水<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7f0b0a617f244ee4b2bf4898f9d6f85a/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/43b1779c5be247fcbf1b62278abd03a8/15A80D3D7AA7404ADD17AECB0F075237.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学正在讨论某化学方程式表示的意义,他们的描述如下:甲说:反应在点燃条件下进行乙说:各物质的分子个数比为2:1:2丙说:是化合反应丁说:各物质的质量比为7:4:11他们所描述的化学方程式是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/3A1A582BCD22116D0ED534914981BF89.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/5BB7E815E97EA513E1C0B486CA62AFDA.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/D1C8ACCCA24BB69D6ACD059385200EB8.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/DDD89AB6FDA6B11A2B3E890EBDE683D4.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c93bb530cc2749fe84970c4a557cbba6/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/61b2355df65b41d5afb0f291a4e646ce/F46AA82546BC9E322089730304B140B5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>根据化学方程式:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/31/3A1A582BCD22116D0ED534914981BF89.png"><br>,判断下列说法正确的是( )<br>①水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的②水是由氧单质和氢单质组成的③反应前后氢元素的化合价没有发生变化④反应前后氧原子和氢原子的数目没变⑤反应前后氧原子的质子数不变⑥水分子是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成⑦反应前后物质的总质量不变⑧参加反应的水和生成氧气的微粒数目之比是2:1A.①④⑤⑦⑧ B.②④⑤⑥⑦ C.①③④⑥⑧ D.③⑤⑥⑦⑧<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/becc406c57c64b44b842f214cb431b39/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/08ca55204dca47748d0fd3d3b3b24ee9/C7AF7C6405D1A27A89B2A9C48A932BF0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>正确的化学方程式是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/E4D2A5C7A4BDD44FA5F76E05A3259E44.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/547272DD0DB74809B4D3E9431C42E062.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/766CCD6EAD1531905524257F83524489.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/2B4263A68DD3F9304E77289C34DBE2C4.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b2db6853df744e0984a959be32ce21cb/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/3d00b97edc1c4e799584bdeb5a3d24c7/E2F5A76673E32D45CD49420597615E1F.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>化学方程式中“<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/26/2EA034FC22B82BC24E584C5AEE733EAD.png"><br>”的意义包括( )<br>①反应物、生成物的元素种类相同②反应物、生成物的质量总和相等③反应物、生成物中原子种类相同④反应物、生成物中原子数目相等⑤反应物、生成物中分子数目相等⑥反应物、生成物的体积相同⑦“生成”的意思A.①③⑤⑦ B.②④⑥⑦ C.①②③④⑦ D.②⑦<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6b08980138ca4969b07f362fe134ca39/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9eb2b4a50bcf428d91704d21100f84fe/88991E899698B523F95FADE5C9F059FB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>化学方程式<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/5/55646D71767F05073C931D2A603B6275.png"><br>可读作( )<br>A.镁加氧气等于氧化镁<br>B.2个镁加1个氧气等于2个氧化镁<br>C.镁和氧气在点燃条件下生成氧化镁<br>D.镁加氧气点燃等于氧化镁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/55694f570412468f8cde8b98fa9d0922/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9d25f49d15114ea8a0bef1c5ec525138/551B56773DB947E3AFD3745E8F0FDCA6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列化学方程式与客观事实相符,且书写完全正确的是( )<br>A.用过氧化氢溶液制氧气:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/EFF4F86423E70B617843736BA5D40593.png"><br>B.铁丝在氧气中燃烧:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/8F9841F69159E959C332DE41AC2084EC.png"><br>C.用稀硫酸除铁锈:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/85FC7934049D3CDE2D8757A3D58C4FB7.png"><br>D.用澄清石灰水检验二氧化碳:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/D7F493C3A892ED93D129733BC169ACED.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/cb96a91210d9477a9cfaaee1fc820488/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列说法不正确的是( )<br>A.用化学式表示化学反应的式子,叫作化学方程式<br>B.在化学方程式<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/19/9CAEBBB2A54AF74A95559172F0D7966A.png"><br>中,“点燃”不可改成“燃烧”<br>C.化学方程式<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/19/DA220A6BCEEB30EFBB66F6968392C6AC.png"><br>读作:水等于氢气加氧气<br>D.化学方程式<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/19/928DFE116B6A1ED7D651EE5121ED1E32.png"><br>中的“↑”应当去掉<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5874358830e54d84a84d3dc2db03db81/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/11c5a5a25fba4246969ad89e813a1370/5E41FAA9D81FB4191E6906FDAAD0D83C.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>双氧水制氧气:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/4/69ED9F2AB7BA40F7CABCF82D95AEF0FF.png"><br>,该化学反应能表达的信息:<br>1.宏观:在二氧化锰的催化作用下分解生成水和氧气。<br>2.微观:过氡化氢、水和氧气的微粒个数比为。<br>3.质量:过氧化氢、水和氧气的质量比为(最简比)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/2482af35ba7d4241b7e0c3a8855f4d28/2896E2256233071170A0AFE0F6A3506C.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>下列化学方程式中分别有以下错误中的一种,请将相应选项填在横线上<br>A.<br>不符合反应客观事实<br>B.<br>缺少反应条件<br>C.<br>不符合质量守恒定律<br>D.<br>缺少或用错“↑”或“↓”符号点燃<br>1.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/F87106200DB1310F8719B6E2952868B7.png"><br>_。<br>2.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/2B4263A68DD3F9304E77289C34DBE2C4.png"><br>。<br>3.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/766CCD6EAD1531905524257F83524489.png"><br>。<br>4.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/AFEA26A8171ACA612EECDFED64B6D92D.png"><br>。<br>5.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/E4D2A5C7A4BDD44FA5F76E05A3259E44.png"><br>。<br>6.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/2AF51714952291A72D383477EEB85D04.png"><br>。<br>7.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/FB7C86A18725B12936EF1BA9AB32724C.png"><br>。<br>8.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/D911CF52496B57BE78AB6837878F76B8.png"><br>。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ba8e55e1c8dc406c8cab5f04f33feb3c/5921F040C93EE9E8B3A64D7AC7721368.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/89f311e6b3964f88bbdbb3364590cc9f/62DC1840338DE8EB82CAC7B9EAB7E28C.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>认真观察下列化学方程式,回答有关问题:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/936AE3F33259EE2B617B4750E300759E.png"><br>1.该反应的反应物是,生成物是(均填中文名称)。<br>2.该反应的反应条件是。<br>3.该反应中P、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/7A2C4E56C42DFC25BA00B33A110CF33C.png"><br>的质量比是。<br>4.如果反应结束后生成了62g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/7A2C4E56C42DFC25BA00B33A110CF33C.png"><br>,那么,参加反应的P、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>的质量总和应该是g。<br>5.如果反应前P、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>的质量总和是10g,那么反应后生成的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/7A2C4E56C42DFC25BA00B33A110CF33C.png"><br>的质量应该是10g(选填“等于”“大于”“小于”“不小于”或“不大于”)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/31637f0637724a9091c70d76d8d958be/B9442DD5095EE0E82C8306561D5CE816.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/cea4fd9aeebb44c696516f05ef004b79/CBD080DE58453941009BC2B4218CBCB6.png"><br><br>
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