（3）溶解度相关计算及图像分析——2021-2022学年九年级下册化学人教版难点精练小专题
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/2AF4B38ED3DA4A0676087C3FEA1A2926.png"><br>、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>在不同温度时的溶解度及溶解度曲线如下。下列说法正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>温度/℃<br>20<br>40<br>50<br>60<br>80<br>溶解度/g<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/2AF4B38ED3DA4A0676087C3FEA1A2926.png"><br>110<br>117<br>121<br>126<br>139<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>31.6<br>63.9<br>85.5<br>110<br>169<br></tbody><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/D3ABAAA8D0B23EF1F3A298BC6F9D1F62.png"><br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/2AF4B38ED3DA4A0676087C3FEA1A2926.png"><br>的溶解度大于<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>B.乙代表<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/2AF4B38ED3DA4A0676087C3FEA1A2926.png"><br>的溶解度曲线<br>C.t应在50~60℃之间<br>D.40℃时,100g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>饱和溶液中含63.9g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/2354c58feebe4f35bcfbd0e18e5445a5/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/6ae45c65378a4f968b11d8f111d0e851/EDE2809FF5D9257F3AC3E280FD8A1B42.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>甲、乙两种固体物质的溶解度曲线如图所示。下列说法错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/6/4591DE92D4A1CAE0AF67BF135541AE01.png"><br>A.甲中混有少量的乙,可用降温结晶的方法提纯甲<br>B.当温度大于<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/6/97DE7627ECA82C404E1EFD3560FA9B7B.png"><br>时,甲的溶解度大于乙的溶解度<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/6/97DE7627ECA82C404E1EFD3560FA9B7B.png"><br>时,甲、乙两物质的溶液的溶质质量分数一定相等<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/6/32950889DA083F8FEB4B456B77CE675B.png"><br>时,向30g甲中加入50g水,充分溶解,所得溶液质量为75g<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d9ce1b8925114f9b99328a8e6bc42361/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>结合如图所示溶解度曲线,判断下列说法不正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/C2077EF62C68716AAF31FA15854B73F1.png"><br>A.30℃时,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>的溶解度为46g<br>B.23℃时,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>和NaCl的溶解度相等<br>C.在坐标范围内,随着温度的升高,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>的溶解度逐渐增大<br>D.10℃时,向100g水中加入40gNaCl,得到140gNaCl溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/f0a4d2fc34ae406496ccc8f8172e1d8c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/39cfa181426e4ec4a1488d6f994e63f3/A50CA6068A3CA74666491B49191F7110.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某同学模拟我国化学家侯德榜的“侯氏制碱法”制纯碱,需用50.0g水配制20℃的NaCl饱和溶液(20℃时NaCl的溶解度为36.0g),应称取NaCl的质量为( )<br>A.18.0g B.16.0g C.13.2g D.11.5g<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/38e238377e994c87b0347dabd998ab01/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/77d4f55808cc44e1a606b115cf336c2f/92284B5E0E2CC7635EE252BCEF3D81DF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是甲、乙两种固体物质(均不含结晶水)的溶解度曲线,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/3112FC62894A9F73175D222474603206.png"><br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时,甲的溶解度为70<br>B.乙中含有少量的甲,可用蒸发溶剂的方法提纯乙<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时,甲、乙两种物质的溶液分别降温到<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/427B1B5C2818448CE85E00E7373466A3.png"><br>,析出晶体的质量甲一定大于乙<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时,甲的溶液降温到<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/427B1B5C2818448CE85E00E7373466A3.png"><br>,一定能得到甲的饱和溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/e735ffb979b7426aa15fbb7e937b34b8/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/d676193a752444e1afb66d65fa139099/1B8C8B0E147E99CF91C43B6247D7841B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下表是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/28BEA5E04D1859FE5BC4773859E04A2A.png"><br>三种物质在不同温度时的溶解度。<br><tbody><br>温度/℃<br>0<br>20<br>40<br>60<br>80<br>100<br>溶解度/g<br>KCl<br>27.6<br>34.0<br>40.0<br>45.5<br>51.1<br>56.7<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>29.4<br>37.2<br>45.8<br>55.2<br>65.6<br>77.3<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>13.3<br>31.6<br>63.9<br>110<br>169<br>246<br></tbody><br>根据表格信息,可以推知( )<br>A.三种物质中溶解度最小的是KCl<br>B.40℃时,100g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>饱和溶液中含有63.9g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>C.三种物质中,溶解度受温度影响变化最大的是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/490D2448912FDAA82DEDD28BCF750A33.png"><br>D.在0~100℃之间的某温度下,KCl和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/8/1B0D100CD07DE02C2FD1479964DC1EEE.png"><br>的溶解度可能相等<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/3c210dfebc9c4cd7981411505ce5f297/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/7568d3b93e8d4fbd97ba5f496d3f48d4/9FF2DA137280500BE11C910580C4B5F8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图为氯化铵和硫酸钠的溶解度曲线。下列说法中不正确的是( ) <img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/30/39ABEA81E0F354320E4EF71E49C8B5E9.png"><br>A.30℃时,氯化铵和硫酸钠的溶解度相等<br>B.40℃时硫酸钠饱和溶液中溶质和溶液质量比为1∶3<br>C.将40℃硫酸钠的饱和溶液升高温度或降低温度都有晶体析出<br>D.30℃时,将硫酸钠的饱和溶液升温至60℃,溶质质量分数先增大后减小<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/32bb8cdf8b654896b5f86abaffc71591/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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