2021-2022学年人教版化学九年级化学用语通关小练（2）粒子结构示意图
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列粒子结构示意图表示原子的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/5C688EEE2A8E92B58D16906D33959541.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/8EA46E06E6D6232E938607820EDB3490.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/1C3FABAD136C2120F584ADE72F9A022D.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/24BB9E4949B9A87A40A328C4ED4F1677.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6c7a325e8f81426382c9652e4c7ec167/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6a09a772d6fa4e70aaf2f43d772f1e53/F29530640EAF46E98A30076A46CD54D1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列是几种粒子的结构示意图,其中表示阳离子的是( )。A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/6F111348E2B3333C5467AFEDF17CE1BE.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/5E0DA1BC31C8946C0A107C1F3BA5E2DB.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/2CB9EF8638EC351A8AA74DB93237921B.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/C7CFD45766D0FBE56D1CBEDED6AE0287.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/33ec1c6e2f28404f9ef23ff3664dd270/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>如下图是五种微粒的结构示意图,下列说法正确的是( )。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/D1C54A2B63E33853C2A7FAE791AAF8CF.png"><br>A.①④属于金属元素<br>B.②的微粒符号是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/BE377B682ACA747D01CEE482D75CC3F0.png"><br>C.②③⑤属于阳离子<br>D.②⑤位于元素周期表的同一周期<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/cfd61e85c6be451bb9a6d1cec3d2c915/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/2f1f561b45bb452194a92ddf2b9f595e/4F7B05AE07C44A8932DB4B72E107D255.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各组原子或离子结构示意图,所表示的两种原子或离子具有相似化学性质的是( )。A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/04AE299A0D29AB92AC77A6A51D22B71F.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/A2B96FB85CA35FEC850C3DA6E3016661.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/6C6C3EC84B58C894033521B443C6F192.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/51DAF985E8D014D5C7B2DC9C81595703.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ba1c35e0496047d6812e6005fa14f134/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/592732f6a2694186b6c8dd9a2f9511c5/40168C8FF9F418C02AE5ABA0729EAA06.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各组微粒结构示意图中,与表示的意义一致的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/3/3F55AEDD9F182EEFB1799ADC823765EE.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/3/31761AD19EE6A557242A9C3EB79C8871.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/3/15A0D4917E0F764614B4182EB6C7DA83.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/3/6DAB3A51BDBEA0E00FDCB35DF4937900.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/da063561ae9349a4859ea4aff8075096/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/8d1f39c5a57b4255a5f036178ddc2c8d/DD3A29F973F82AA4BEE2494E1549D3BE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>关于下列五种粒子结构示意图的说法中正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/26/BAA320C0916116C772111F803CD67A14.png"><br>A.①④属于不同种元素<br>B.②⑤属于金属元素<br>C.④⑤均具有稳定结构<br>D.①③两种粒子可以形成化合物<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/26/0C7901C77903E8BAF76E821F809A46C4.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/4398bff017b946f1a7cdb11e6bf426c8/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/a5bbeabc6dd94313a56f53f0beb62cf2/F49A8197C05A59CEF9208CB50195DBEE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>已知元素周期表中第三周期各元素原子结构示意图如下,下列分析错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/C226D408141D53188368753FDE8F0769.png"><br>A.以上原子的核外都有三个电子层<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/B93DA87A1575F39647EACFAA1F80D0F7.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/52473B1251DF907655D2CFA86E3E22DD.png"><br>的核外电子数不相同<br>C.Na与S形成的化合物的化学式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/E73C5C137E48537A88D6EE01A9C36B85.png"><br>D.在化学反应中氯原子容易得到电子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/fb06812bfa78440f9c53aa4797f7b231/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/661fa601ffc24bebaeaef167e6a1a556/4185C3B9568D6C7B6B94AB19787B2B3B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下图是某粒子的结构示意图,下列有关该粒子的叙述中,错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/24/A82CB94B536FB416A269AA768D218D47.png"><br>A.该粒子原子核内有8个质子 B.该粒子是阳离子<br>C.该粒子最外层有6个电子 D.该粒子呈电中性<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/31884ca53b0848ac9833dbfb0bc08aae/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d941d7a439d04b019b9421f0c6597414/4181E5CBF6397AACB0DB59277BAE8D40.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是四种粒子的结构示意图,下列分析错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/4/BB9B7C448017E5702F18AD5BC90B0A02.png"><br>A.①③化学性质相似<br>B.②为阴离子<br>C.③④属于同一种元素<br>D.③为第三周期元素的原子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/e5df566e56f640ce80ac6cbf8f7f12fc/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/507f77f3b8ca449b9a23139b67eac155/F508A6093D436750D176024C3F0B83F9.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>根据下列粒子的结构示意图回答问题。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/7333AF208501736A2D6BF6D6B6C1ED03.png"><br>1.写出以上结构示意图所代表的粒子的符号:①______,②______,③____,④___,⑤____,⑥_______。<br>2.核外电子排布相同的是(填序号,下同)。<br>3.达到稳定结构的是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4552324a2a6e496f86260f803b1f43ff/64F01689BB3F48E5B27F315360FD5011.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>在下列示意图表示的粒子中,属于原子的有<br>_<br>_________<br>(填序号,下同),属于阳离子的有<br>_<br>_____<br>,属于同种元素的为<br>_<br>________<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/9D0FCC6E6A9D7B0B55105A723FF7C217.png"><br>通过以上各图还可以总结出原子和离子的区别在于:<br>(<br>)<br>_<br>___________<br>;<br>(<br>)<br>_<br>___________<br>;<br>(<br>)<br>_<br>___________<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ca5ff061a0874647816ed2c30fd1974d/BB104AF011E8659E19BD4E2C19DF8913.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/379b4900bbd94f038e3e3d7de35d518c/A9735043B4D6BCC3349E2321864B7793.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>已知镁原子的原子结构示意图如下<br>图所示,请回答<br>:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/E62F4E2780A5528FB1720FE6338F7D39.png"><br>1.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/9/142C04798A855C23FA3CA37BAE21FD1C.png"><br>表示的意义:。<br>2.镁原子的原子核外共有个电子层,最外层电子数是。<br>3.镁原子在化学反应中易____(填“获得”或“失去”)电子,形成_____(填“阴”或“阳”)离子,带___个单位的______(填“正”或“负”)电荷,镁离子的符号表示为___。<br>4.由此可以得出:原子在失去最外层电子或在最外层得到电子达到稳定结构后,一定不会发生改变的有(填序号)。①相对原子质量②粒子的电性③原子核④最外层电子数⑤电子层数⑥核外电子总数⑦质子数<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1f49681d526c4c8d8cbb222157bfa151/35337CC7865631D972D3DA2FF140BE70.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>根据下列粒子结构示意图,回答问题。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/6/4ED44D5E53B410F61DBEA914DAECA51E.png"><br>1.如图A、B、C、D四种粒子共表示________________种元素;2.C原子在化学反应中易________________(填“得到”或“失去”)电子;<br>3.A的粒子符号是________________;4.E粒子带1个单位正电荷,则x=________________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/df08d91844a442c18047aacbcb7909f9/F86633B97B26355BBC2938C363A7F44F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/fba3c235c6e04d54b969c0342db1398b/A6F86FC3484555E7ADD8D6BF9F684795.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是几种粒子的结构示意图:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/2/489F120111B92D9A1CAB70480F256337.png"><br>1.A~E共有种元素,B所表示的元素位于元素周期表的第周期,该元素的原子容易(填“得到”或“失去”)电子。<br>2.表示原子的粒子有(填序号,下同)。<br>3.表示阴离子的有。<br>4.表示阳离子的有。<br>5.表示相对稳定结构的是。<br>6.在化学反应中易得到电子的粒子是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ad38fe0f12f14ae8a9e5a18da5b8cc13/B64A283A28F44DE38C6A0F9AF70E7AC5.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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