（3）化学综合计算——2021-2022学年九年级上册化学人教版难点精练小专题
※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：较易<br>科学家正致力于研究光催化分解水制氢气,反应方程式为<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/19/C4E39E618433C5341720E39DA6E480AD.png"><br>。用该方法制取<br>12kg<br>氢气至少需要分解多少千克的水?<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/d9ba3f45fc5f4abbbe17c9ea30e7e3a3/BC7574509015CE47C40F073BDF9E35C2.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在化学反应A+2B=C+2D中,已知16gA与64gB恰好完全反应,生成C和D的质量比为11:9,又知B的相对分子质量为32,则D的相对分子质量为( )<br>A.9 B.12 C.18 D.36<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/b5d8820976e046a996ef92cb3cb54db0/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/3c0a3ca903b24efbb60e4efe179cdc70/897094FAF126BBC5EFD301AF62FC983D.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>侯德榜是我国著名的化学家,发明了侯氏制碱法,其反应原理如下:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/19/6259D37F1034DA39019C1CB638A2DF65.png"><br>请计算:<br>1.氯化铵中氮元素的质量分数。2.生产8.4t碳酸氢钠,理论上需要氯化钠的质量。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/3290dc251f4e4456b6268bb9e91d026e/DF091231BFF416D4427DBD77B317A312.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/2174ee1105094bf6a23d24857e5512eb/739B35C9DF371E674075EA65631DAAB1.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>实验室用<br>48.0g<br>过氧化氢溶液和<br>2.0g<br>二氧化锰制取氧气,实验的相关数据如图所示。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/19/DD56932C9395FDB524DCA1DA9CDCAEE3.png"><br>1.反应中二氧化锰的作用是。2.反应生成氧气的质量为g。3.计算参加反应的过氧化氢的质量。(写出必要的计算过程)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/d014aea78e24467cb4f37d69495401d2/AACF5E788F35F5F933933E7C18502B10.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/9cb81b9999dd4d25b859751f890cb6b9/D12CCE22823D1E0EB22A32830CFEEF43.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>某兴趣<br>小组在实验室加热氯酸钾和二氧化锰的混合物制取氧气,试管中固体的质量随时间变化的数据见下表。实验结束后,将剩余固体溶解、过滤烘干,回收二氧化锰。<br><tbody><br>加热时间<br>/min<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/19/FCCD9596601883BB3311EAC823C6623F.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/19/BFD72B8D015C6E67E1C3E17DE297996F.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/19/5F873203FC8CA51A39E7B4B25D1237FE.png"><br>固体的质量<br>/g<br>6.0<br>3.2<br>6.4<br>6.4<br></tbody><br>请计算:<br>1.共制得氧气g。2.可回收的二氧化锰的质量。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/fd9294671e7543998bc4852738418c85/AB469F1B0715AE22115FBAC046C816DD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/fda8eb26095d4f1898215db8e26bd347/4962DCC9D016AE72EAAA01126151746F.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>实验室有一瓶含杂质的氯酸钾。<br>某兴趣<br>小组利用该药品和二氧化锰制取氧气(杂质不参加反应)。实验数据记录如下:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/8FFB48F34605B270E81347FAE4129928.png"><br>请回答下列问题:<br>1.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/E7AF6D5E0C6B8344E5AA2323C1222C19.png"><br>=g。2.计算受热分解的氯酸钾的质量(精确到0.1g)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/2147ae44a8eb4de2a7fb88ae3142489d/684E4FEEFA5D39760C9FA2BD0CB1173E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/b653622f92e54ff7a3dee440c992df98/40C0AD38C73FE5F867374AC5CC218A00.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>取<br>150g<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>溶液,平均分为三份,每一份样品均按如图所示进行实验,实验数据见下表。请计算:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/2BA62973FF688BB3CB63D5BB8F7F26B7.png"><br><tbody><br>实验<br> <br>实验<br> <br>实验<br> <br>样品质量<br>/g<br> <br> <br> <br> <br>NaOH<br>溶液质量<br>/g<br> <br> <br> <br> <br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/5C108B1636EF4436D262BDCECBEC8436.png"><br> <br>2.45<br> <br>4.9<br> <br>4.9<br> <br></tbody><br>1.50g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>溶液完全反应时,所得沉淀的质量为g。2.50g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>溶液中<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/20/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>的质量。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/54ec215b7a58412698ba7f65244687b7/626FEC4F0037884B4EFA0497DFE9A832.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/31e4e696a73444de80ff7bd6b517a3b0/907651C1D49989EFEF4D280BB49BDD2F.png"><br><br>
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