第五单元 化学方程式——2021-2022学年人教版化学九年级上册单元易错题速练
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列化学方程式书写正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/26/BD1BF7F7E99B9383B45755DA9207CB80.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/26/29F95577FD79BB6F555565911B3969DE.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/26/7A013F1C806AFEACC02899BFB64EB6F5.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/26/88B9DAD07650BD0CB383F10CD1F13946.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/83f6d1955e5a470faa760dedaef8ece8/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/94f0bc9674064fb788791e8e8eac8768/9421B0FDC7CE02C02D3BF7F54FBABBAC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/27/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>缓慢通入盛有20gCuO的试管中,加热使其反应,过一会儿停止加热,冷却至室温后,称得剩余固体质量为19.2g。则生成铜的质量为(发生反应的化学方程式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/27/1774C9EC136FC8850254934D055F3068.png"><br>)( )<br>A.16g B.19.2g C.2.8g D.3.2g<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0391f99ba8b94c00a9053237cb35af29/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/1a9935c261f44c58b222a9f186b3c9b6/2D8AB906E925A769A2069D7D7A0F0906.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>空运观赏鱼必须密封。为了解决鱼的吸氧问题,可在水中加入过氧化钙,其与水反应的化学方程式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/19/B32CBAA55C516CD748A2BC851D6BA2B9.png"><br>。若要产生3.2g氧气,应向水中投入过氧化钙的质量为( )<br>A.14.4g B.7.2g C.2g D.18.2g<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/54cb6d9db3af4afdb5a3531aaa63e62d/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/b8f27462d83c4d68a716bf1943bfb57d/6290AA16F9238528BBC0AAB91946DEB2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>自来水厂有一种新型的消毒剂<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/4/DAA989B03F6A5C3172692384FC7517A6.png"><br>,其工业生产原理是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/4/7AF8847D4C3F00185C96DCF94F6EA26B.png"><br>,据此可推断X的化学式为( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/4/7E304B24E8DE8CA63A901F473F95C497.png"><br>B.HClO<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/8/4/93A19C6BBAAC4C42F35EECD724B1E7B2.png"><br>D.NaOH<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/06577048ec1f43a283021a5b5b21b8c2/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将25gA与5gB发生反应,所得混合物中含有10A,11gC,还有另外一种物质D。A、B、C、D相对分子质量分别为30、20、44、18,则它们之间反应的化学方程式正确的是( )<br>A.A+B=C+D B.2A+B=2C+D C.2A+B=C+2D D.A+2B=2C+D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/5865a5874ca24ffcb29d573ce58d760c/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/9f5adbfb14a24bf899802522a85b2708/C6F3391FE048BBF35D618D442610A2BC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在化学反应A+3B=2C+3D中,已知8gA跟0.3gB恰好完全反应生成2.7gD。又知B的相对分子质量为2,则C的相对分子质量为( )<br>A.18 B.28 C.40 D.56<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d6b467040b014e42b8b22f90dcdb2083/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7204e303f95640ebaf5942ea6533506f/7CBBB3B1873691ACA9DE972FF8699754.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>物质发生化学反应前后,一定不发生变化的是( )<br>①物质的质量总和②物质的种类③元素的种类④原子的数目⑤原子的种类⑥物质的分子总数⑦原子的质量A.全部 B.①②④⑤⑥ C.①③⑤ D.①③④⑤⑦<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b5a5341c57fa49288fe2c4374035fbea/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ee36df69d93b4b8a93124121eb997c79/B7C29C8ABB0957482D43BC24DAEA8E05.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：较易<br>配平下列化学方程式:<br>1.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/24/6373071C2BD8066EE3FEBD3E25F27CAE.png"><br>。<br>2. <img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/24/998618569D7F1AE9111EE97FA9B76789.png"><br>。3. <img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/24/D690D5D4763D74E850374493A9FA870D.png"><br>。4.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/11/24/4AF068487F198006B295A4A84F4D2DB7.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/d55edf29bce44cf9bf25f223bc2d1462/2B33B11FEACBCA6C8032A2A49E95CA8E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/27ecba3628d94a07b896eaca9b3adaae/2FD358959C5CDF69F37039B042EB6E06.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>为防止大气污染,工业上产生的硫化氢(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/8BA90CB1150F90B25C2ACB57931CDD3B.png"><br>)要经过处理,使其变成硫单质。富玛克斯法治理硫化氢的方法和步骤如下:①用<br>2%~3%<br>的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/31/049D802E7350A56DC61AAD18655E5681.png"><br>溶液作吸收剂生成两种酸式盐,其中一种为<br>Na<br>H<br>S<br>;②再加入一种物质<br>RNO<br>(液体,<br>R<br>表示一种有机基团)与生成的这种酸式盐的水溶液反应生成硫、碱和<br>RNHOH<br>;③第二步生成的碱在溶液中与另一种酸式盐反应生成正盐;<br>④<br>RNHOH<br>与空气中的氧气发生反应又得到<br>RNO<br>1.写出上述四步反应的化学方程式。①__________;②_______;③__________;④_____。2.富玛克斯法的总反应的化学方程式为_________,RNO在整个过程中起到______________的作用。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ceee7fcaf8334fd8a6a7e6902f18385b/E7D4413A0EBC4DE11A2878F20C4C0CC2.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/87be49b2d50a4cd0af6ebaeb112da74a/CA1CB1E786EDFDF87F643F3CC575CF0A.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>推广车用乙醇汽油,可以减少汽车尾气污染。利用秸秆为原料可生产乙醇(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/28/5DBB4DB92DDB1F3F86FE75D5290F8DB7.png"><br>),其中包含葡萄糖(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/28/02216BFFD935B6D99F7AB8B0594E946C.png"><br>)转化为乙醇的反应(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/28/4968D4A3C39E959769D79A6D47B693BA.png"><br>)。每生产<br>.<br>3t<br>乙醇,理论上参加反应的葡萄糖的质量是多少?(写出计算过程)<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/9629f9cf1fa148c887ac4201e78d7eb4/07AA86A402FD82B73ABC17AD54C6E42F.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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