（6）溶液的酸碱性—2021-2022学年化学鲁教版（五四制）九年级全一册同步课时作业
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>酸碱指示剂可以检测溶液的酸碱性,下列溶液能使紫色石蕊试液变蓝的是( )<br>A.柠檬汁 B.肥皂水 C.白醋 D.稀硫酸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/bd49f81744634f1db578653df88ea231/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/99018ff5141c40a6938e02f7d65553e5/BCBB989096E7EC650939D0620253C816.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>往KOH溶液中加水,溶液的pH变化正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/BA7E25275472E2666FAAF0637B8891D6.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/27ADF15192D7D0AAE3467B82CA7862FB.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/5FFA6BB55F71C2A0A1515866F7E04B8E.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/B245968C884DDACC9922BE16D908437F.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/33e125d4cc32415eb9e5f39edd1161d2/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/174c27ade5b24950a74ede8036177477/E1C0F231A0C0B7677612F2F90AD95C00.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列溶液显碱性的是( )<br>A.酸雨 B.食醋 C.NaOH溶液 D.盐酸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/3334feec42274b7eae4a8d64e7d69676/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/eed4537f29c44bcb848dc2c84aefbf93/9F60AFDC2270C8F9B3BB7CCF7983117D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>不同的物质溶于水后会形成酸碱性不同的溶液。下列溶液显酸性的是( )<br>A.食醋 B.氨水<br>C.NaCl溶液 D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/22/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/8a8ca597bdd4441692214678be775dbb/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有甲、乙、丙三种溶液,甲能使紫色石蕊变蓝,乙能使紫色石蕊变红,丙中无现象,这三种溶液的pH由小到大的是( )<br>A.甲、乙、丙 B.乙、丙、甲 C.甲、丙、乙 D.丙、甲、乙<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/86038ec79d6c4b59b1e382cfa3616c0a/1CEF9EB39C39CD9F24AB0C0B116D6C72.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/3bb4e26f66604034abe0b61d17d93245/50A7F4E74E5236197A07CCBABB68858E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>小明测定某未知溶液的pH操作如下:先用蒸馏水将pH试纸润湿,然后用玻璃棒蘸取待测溶液滴在pH试纸上,你认为小明这样测得的结果与该溶液的实际pH比较将( )<br>A.偏小 B.偏大 C.不变 D.无法判断<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6b194713e36748c9bb5c6dbb6ed5fcac/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/09abe27dca314cfd9fd10b9755d1a97a/3FFAE6A43EE2AACB44266DAB4000A684.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>人体内一些液体的正常pH范围如下:<br><tbody><br>液体<br>胃液<br>唾液<br>胆汁<br>胰液<br>pH<br>0.9~1.5<br>6.6~7.1<br>7.1~7.3<br>7.5~8.0<br></tbody><br>下列说法中不正确的是( )<br>A.胆汁和胰液显碱性<br>B.胃液比唾液酸性弱<br>C.胰液比胆汁碱性强<br>D.服用含氢氧化铝[<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/1/4/A5CE2F1A4CA0B2742685E2E5FA9BA6F2.png"><br>]的药物可以治疗胃酸过多症<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/8ca7113df77646ebbb8032e2b7be0321/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/526955322ccf4ff09a1f42ad27eace4d/0DA2E2406119356D8A641158FB5A457D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>化学实验小组的同学尝试寻找生活中的物质制作酸碱指示剂。以下表格是分别向不同试剂中滴加<br>滴自制紫薯汁的现象,请回答:<br><tbody><br>试剂<br>稀盐酸<br>氢氧化钠溶液<br>蒸馏水<br>白醋<br>草木灰溶液<br>现象<br>红色<br>绿色<br>紫色<br>红色<br>绿色<br></tbody><br> 1.紫薯汁______(填“能”或“不能”)作酸碱指示剂。<br>2.草木灰溶液呈______(填“酸性”“中性”或“碱性”)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/1de029d02ccb40db80874c1728efab05/9D0B48F1491F5EAFF1FA0009C337A936.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/b67324119afa4e68847fe35465072a39/A1D34D82818EEBF07C9B38ADE7AADB8A.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>如图表示的是一些物质在常温下的近似<br>pH<br>,回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/E3B29DA56AE8D380BD2900F88F841786.png"><br>1.在少量厨房清洁剂中滴入几滴酚酞试液,溶液呈色。<br>2.酸雨的酸性比正常雨水的酸性(填“强”或“弱”)。<br>3.食醋是家庭厨房中常备的一种调味品,在常温下,溶质质量分数为3%的食醋的pH(填“大于”或“小于”)4%的食醋的pH,要使食醋的pH升高,可采用的方法是。<br>4.测量苹果汁的pH时,pH试纸(填“应该”或“不应该”)先用蒸馏水润湿。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/3879f44f552a455495ad9fbaf804005d/D70D7DD4B9A85BB9DB8F87519BC7CB59.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/de8ed8d6ac8644789be581d8b662fce9/9E8597ADD485DE288BAAC485ACA73062.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>一些食物的近似<br>pH<br>如下表:<br><tbody><br>食物<br>苹果<br>葡萄<br>牛奶<br>玉米<br>pH<br>2.9<br>~<br>3.3<br>3.5<br>~<br>4.5<br>6.3<br>~<br>6.6<br>6.8<br>~<br>8.0<br></tbody><br> 1.苹果汁和葡萄汁相比较,酸性较强的是,它能使石蕊试液变色。<br>2.人的胃液中含有盐酸,对于胃酸过多的人,空腹时最宜食用的食物是。<br>3.鸡蛋壳中含有<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/5/0125C0E265985712A3A9CAA2643B9043.png"><br>,以前因胃酸过多导致胃痛时,有人吃鸡蛋壳粉。现今,许多冶疗胃酸过多的药品的有效成分是氢氧化铝,而不是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/5/0125C0E265985712A3A9CAA2643B9043.png"><br>,提出一种理由说明为什么氢氧化铝优越于碳酸钙________,写出氢氧化铝与胃酸反应的化学方程式________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d1d1ae0aaf7e4596a227e2fd4842d9bf/194DEBCC542864D93DE7C958B2CB45D4.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/93272d8a3e224ab085e7a57abd5beb88/2ACADF458C5902AC83A861E6B5D52CEE.png"><br><br>
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