（4）酸及其性质—2021-2022学年化学鲁教版（五四制）九年级全一册同步课时作业
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>醋酸、柠檬酸等是食品加工中常用的酸,它们在水中都能解离出( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/12/5A88E918D2C805F9D6EA86574E974653.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/12/A0AAB2CD09E9EAC704F37CBD3E994A0C.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/12/2DD27CAECEF2DAEAFF871C5E8480CFDD.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/12/CFFF538FB1A6FEEFACE17DFA8A813A90.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5fdf883961d14bbe8159dbb23a86941a/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/10/9A61C8352F817B8D15B97159253C1FA0.png"><br>是一种高效氧化性漂白剂。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/10/9A61C8352F817B8D15B97159253C1FA0.png"><br>属于( )<br>A.氧化物 B.盐 C.酸 D.碱<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d018c269352741d5b55cd6fce2291be7/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/cf11be512b654d708d6b5f72bba33be5/334B6ABA8D8A89A69139CA22359B02BB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于物质的用途的叙述不正确的是( )<br>A.盐酸可用来除铁锈<br>B.稀硫酸在实验室里常用作干燥剂<br>C.硫酸可用于精炼石油和金属除锈<br>D.盐酸是重要化工产品<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/d3620e0c3ecb48549d96024b7b115352/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/523681519a4b4971a3d8fe38e0835999/94989AEA25AE305E129359EA45110A35.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列反应属于复分解反应的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/30/DA220A6BCEEB30EFBB66F6968392C6AC.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/30/7AAA377F3AAAA68934094D3E0CCFE795.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/30/E8287B9045EDBE4699E2BCB11BF68F73.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/30/149E7C526381692CBACADAF6A20A3901.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/55834f98a3d044f597ef16db2e7a2df3/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/51a26554ebff49568ec1adee927f0a27/B29F063A8CAB4A9C0825CB7F09D6BD75.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>关于硫酸的说法错误的是( )<br>A.稀硫酸与锌反应可制得氢气<br>B.稀硫酸可用于除铁锈<br>C.可将水注入浓硫酸中进行稀释<br>D.浓硫酸可用来干燥氢气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2018/f943d058d63444e9bd8d2a613f0905b2/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2018/4a0b9be2cf1e4f73b4bd9a65ffe099b1/F2DFF08D47D702AE731998B4FCC0F295.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>2020年,新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情在世界范围内爆发,我们需用“84”消毒液进行消毒防疫“84”消毒液(含<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/329A76BD4A04D22998AF56C58A7C4ADC.png"><br>)切不可和洁厕灵(含<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/5C2956DAF2B03FEC8193F357353674E7.png"><br>)一起使用,因为两者混合使用时会发生化学反应,生成有毒物质:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/2AEDC92AD66FB43C91B1E81B1DB3D4DA.png"><br>,下列说法正确的是( )<br>A.该反应是复分解反应<br>B.洁厕灵不可以用铁质容器盛放<br>C.反应前后元素化合价不变<br>D.该反应没有体现酸的通性<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/44271003f89a4835a7e898275f6af951/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/df4c67e66ba94cf2bd2966907ee25480/BFFB29961EF2EFBADE7EBE4604A8DB0D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列变化只有加入酸才能一步实现的是( )<br>A.硝酸银→氯化银 B.氢氧化钠→氯化钠<br>C.氧化铜→硫酸铜 D.碳酸钙→二氧化碳<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/be9a5f2e40af4d31b439eff4414fc6d2/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/18cb9cdbb71747158167a2ced67779db/80F7AB3C18A0DCBDDDC14CAF8643F551.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>盐酸先生闯迷宫(如图),请你帮它选择行进路线(不发生化学反应)( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/23/97B472F51AB343F03EDE646B320FEE45.png"><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3de27291828c4d20a896ac3dd737d882/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/058d0b7e54114790a6d90f79c11da1b3/4F14F1DB725079FA419C0CA8149B615D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>盐酸的性质实验如图所示,有关说法错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/26/160E1B514BD9787D09C7B27E8E1BC368.png"><br>A.试管①中有氯化铁生成<br>B.试管②中有气泡产生<br>C.试管③中有白色沉淀产生<br>D.试管④中无明显现象<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b8f475cd8ddf4756a582489de5ca07e7/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/a7027f2a2753434aba3c03133c9aca47/186A425101F33C4FA4C52AD02D2C0C5C.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：较易<br>化学晚会上小豆把一张白纸的正反两面向大家清楚地展示,然后把白纸用电吹风的热风吹片刻,不一会儿,白纸上出现了一只小黑猫,大家惊奇不已。你知道这是怎么回事吗?请你用学过的化学知识来解释:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/10/B96DC8C62BEDAC9074088281A924F1D0.png"><br>1.小豆事先用__________画了一只小猫。<br>2.使白纸出现小黑猫的物质是__________,表明该物质具有__________性。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/602bdc299d9742b083adf5a41a2f8596/064DC62CA6DF14E8ABE878D717C1C828.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/f4b68f86f9624bd3b9154aa0f28181fa/A6F9F491699AEF37F0FE7455423CC305.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>如图所示是两种稀释浓硫酸的操作,回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/26/A723F2278F8ADA7D94E60AA75359C937.png"><br>1.B图中加水的仪器的名称是___________。<br>2.B图中锥形瓶内产生的现象是___________,产生这一现象的原因是___________。<br>3.上面两图中,稀释浓硫酸操作正确的是___________(填序号)。<br>4.A图中玻璃棒的作用是___________。B图中玻璃导管的作用是___________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0a93d1d4e05d4234a01c8e30ea6a27b4/CC85A7D2F2DC4D10EEEAD82C9C4B0F16.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>完成下列有关酸的性质的实验。实验<br>一<br>:如图<br>甲电子<br>秤<br>A<br>、<br>B<br>的蒸发皿中分别盛有浓盐酸、浓硫酸,放置一段时间。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/6CB9499DB4308E2D383797A5930BFDBE.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/31/E89AC7071CB64C46C4B378F76D010447.png"><br>1.A中的示数变小,原因是_____________。<br>2.与图C所示变化相一致的是_____________(填“A”或“B”)实验二:如图乙,做对比实验,得出相应结论。<br>3.Ⅰ和Ⅱ试管中都产生气泡,且Ⅰ中比Ⅱ中剧烈。此现象说明物质反应的快慢与_____________有关。Ⅲ试管中可能的现象是_____________。请用化学方程式解释其原因:_____________、_____________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/c90d68f77048471290fb008469e081e1/91C90BA6FB28E59437721841AB276463.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/d782d32bca28470aa270ed4b8b8bc2ea/F2871FE2DB9D3E8D58521717CB8EE933.png"><br><br>
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