2021-2022学年九年级上册化学人教版常考实验小练（8）燃烧条件的探究
※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>验证可燃物燃烧的条件。已知:白磷、红磷的着火点分别是<br>℃、<br>240<br>℃。<br><tbody><br>装置(夹持仪器已略去)<br>步骤<br>及现象<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/8/86AECA17D7F4954B3DDBB5277B651B95.png"><br>Ⅰ<br>.<br>将一定量的白磷、红磷分别浸入<br>℃热水中(如图所示)。白磷、红磷均不燃烧<br>Ⅱ<br>.<br>升高右侧漏斗至红磷露出水面。红磷不燃烧<br>Ⅲ<br>.<br>升高左侧漏斗至白磷露出水面。白磷燃烧<br></tbody><br>1.Ⅰ中白磷不燃烧的原因是。<br>2.对比Ⅱ和Ⅲ,可验证可燃物燃烧的条件是。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c9922e52729d44aebef3c748c5febc2a/4936CC12A81CACF3EBE532FAD2552FBE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/5c2aa01c63d54502b1101362a5dbc507/DAFF57C8E54F00141403FF0B69E63DA8.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>为了研究可燃物的燃烧条件,<br>某兴趣<br>小组同学用如图所示装置进行了实验(白磷、红磷均不超过绿豆大小,锥形瓶中的白磷<br>A<br>与红磷<br>C<br>尽量拉开距离),白磷的着火点为<br>40℃<br>,红磷的着火点为<br>240℃<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/28/F2092648756F81FF0DCF209F459C91E8.png"><br>1.白磷A、白磷B、红磷C中不能燃烧的是________。<br>2.写出锥形瓶中发生反应的实验现象:_____________。3.结合本实验目的,写出烧杯中70℃热水的作用:__________(两点)。4.写出磷燃烧的化学方程式_____________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/75bb7a54fe28457da336f204dd511c18/D55906A2968D3F894FECBC2828045BB7.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>在<br>老师的指导下,化学兴趣小组利用下列装置进行了“可燃物燃烧的条件”的探究实验。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/E3EE4CDA4F6B62F8A9EC8B36B32C003B.png"><br>【实验目的】探究可燃物燃烧的条件<br>【实验步骤】<br>①将所需仪器按照装置图连接起来<br>;<br>②打开<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>和<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,向上拉动任意一支注射器的活塞;<br>③将实验所需药品加入对应的仪器中;<br>④将装有适量白磷<br>的具支试管<br>放入<br>冷水中;<br>⑤打开<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>,关闭<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,往装置甲中加入适量的双氧水,氧气<br>进入具支试管<br>中;<br>⑥关闭<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>,打开<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,往装置乙中加入适量的盐酸,二氧化碳<br>进入具支试管<br>中;<br>⑦将装有适量白磷<br>的具支试管<br>放入<br>℃的热水中;<br>⑧打开<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>,关闭<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,往装置甲中加入适量双氧水,氧气<br>进入具支试管<br>中;<br>⑨关闭<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/0E8382BCD3985B53EB8D2529000F570B.png"><br>,打开<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/9/AD055F63B6C97EB311A454E297F00C08.png"><br>,往装置乙中加入适量的盐酸<br>【问题解答】<br>1.实验步骤②的目的是。<br>2.装置乙中发生反应的化学方程式是______。<br>3.在实验步骤⑥中,具支试管中氧气已经排尽的实验现象是。<br>4.能看到白磷燃烧起来的实验步骤是。【实验结论】可燃物燃烧必须同时满足两个条件:可燃物与氧气接触;温度达到可燃物的着火点。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4be07e4746ff4e8fa05cedcc1b063fe6/270CD160772C30B74E2FBEB7B23D180C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d6f7690663a14901a369c773afb2ce56/3FF6616AD4C679678521C63C0D0D2441.png"><br><br>
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