（3）运动的水分子—2021-2022学年化学鲁教版九年级上册同步课时作业
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>在水转化为水蒸气的过程中,发生改变的是( )<br>A.分子间隔 B.分子大小 C.分子数量 D.原子大小<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/817b4272fc484956bc9d25865838bf6f/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/73b3452faa994587bf7962f971f75169/019FAA62508F8B2ED50757DEAE6E77E7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列事例能明显地证明分子间的间隔可以改变的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/0568B9997B3F48B9A6D7447221352439.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/ECD20A1BE6E9DE63574937B6D02C8BC9.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/E94137F1FB2C795171A1DE2C19C3B67C.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/12774A1A4EDBC7DD73974BB3235A6DF4.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ac89b1e2e28a47a5a72557b0e2063ec1/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/cb962eb2a19244388e463d2641c8b249/D18A05FE0D799BF4A728E508770652F2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>“珠帘十里卷春风”“绿杨城郭是扬州”,来过扬州的人无不被扬州城的美丽风景所吸引。图中现象能说明分子在不断运动的是( )<br>A.春天,柳絮飞扬<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/6B98F6788DC26C61FDEA3E2821B92235.png"><br>B.夏天,荷花飘香<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/687627E29C9CB7D84512FA3F3556B668.png"><br>C.秋天,落英缤纷<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/5823A21D3DB00729654EECAAB8276997.png"><br>D.冬天,雪花飘飘<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/877D5FD4893D4BE3FC8212BCFEFFF86F.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3666bca828a244f0b5accc32332d4418/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/a63e4785b008406189cdf6b731aa2e51/52C708F8E10EDA199C718871BEAC9BFF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>按图所示进行实验。当观察到热水大面积变成红色时,冷水中只有品红周围变成红色。对该现象的微观解释合理的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/30/1E1D688E7CAA1AB11ADCB867EA1CD0E3.png"><br> A.温度越高,分子质量越小<br>B.温度越高,分子体积越大<br>C.温度越高,分子间隔越小<br>D.温度越高,分子运动越快<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/258c4dcca41f4087891122679eb4b967/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列对河水的净化操作中,净化程度最高的是( )<br>A.蒸馏 B.过滤 C.加入活性炭 D.静置沉淀<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/5dc732900ba1493bb73d8fc39da6a996/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/fdca9a5f3e4241d28ab98f3b3b299149/AAC0EE599D4939D0242D331F995ED7D7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>鉴别硬水与软水常用肥皂水,为了达到实验目的,应控制的实验条件有( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/24/1CCDAFE96403A0AEB645337150D1D660.png"><br>①两试管中加入的肥皂水浓度②两试管中加入的肥皂水的滴数③两种水样中可溶性钙镁化合物的浓度④两试管中水样的体积A.①② B.①④ C.①②③ D.①②④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ea7f6388a379440eb681504a81e79046/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/34c3ba1f69de4b959901a9f8c4f570e8/21F2BA6B170B48B6828277A204FF652A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>红糖具有益气补血、健脾暖胃等作用。下列由甘蔗制作红糖的主要步骤中,属于过滤操作的是( )<br>A.削蔗去杂<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/24/42E5B54950269CBBF722E7777E1D3080.png"><br>B.石辘碎蔗<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/24/57FB96A0885B6AEA98959CC844B0A799.png"><br>C.渣汁分离<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/24/C5192F4E41C6BE123A2DC2458BBFEDCD.png"><br>D.热锅熬糖<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/24/43B918CC36000380EB73204DD357227D.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a2af2e2a0606464ebabc39cd8316aec9/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/773a548d662a4c258b7c9f7fa7f502d9/D8A69D26CD92CA778366F4DC009884DC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>用分子的观点对下列常见现象的解释,错误的是( )<br>A.花香四溢:分子不停地运动<br>B.热胀冷缩:分子大小随温度的变化而改变<br>C.食物腐败:分子发生变化<br>D.酒精挥发:分子之间的间隔变大<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/1d412220635e43a7b5055f111e3b85e1/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/ea55fbe370104fe783a3b5bc4ae3dc0f/5BEAABC2C3ECCDFC396D0CF93B43FEC7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>“水循环”是自然界中的重要循环(如图所示)。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/19/23A04853631D782BB9DA9F7E01945C28.png"><br>在三态变化的过程中,水分子没有改变的是( )<br>A.自身的能量<br>B.运动的速率<br>C.相互间的间隔<br>D.构成分子的原子数目、种类及组合方式<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5a6e5f60593847b48b8e06fef3b5b1fa/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/89364f134f354b8ea3cd3a284210ae1a/94BB15EDA9839A27D4E2535DE9CAE697.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列说法中不正确的是( )<br>A.水在天然循环过程中,发生的是物理变化<br>B.水在气态和液态时,分子都在不断地运动;而固态时,分子是不运动的<br>C.水的三态变化是水分子自身的能量、运动速率、分子间间隔和排列方式的改变造成的<br>D.水蒸发时,分子获得能量;水结冰时,分子失去能量<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/2bcbc01732b84d798672ceafada4f8a4/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/19347554e6324c7f84b215837318367e/2FF4996853ACDCFFAF00ED31A2C61D47.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>“金斗水库”是新泰市的重要水源地之一,将“水库”里的水净化为自来水的过程,有如下净化步骤:①取水;②消毒;③沉降;④过滤。以下水的净化步骤排列正确的是( )<br>A.①②③④ B.①③④② C.①④②③ D.①③②④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/f2c1769c881a4916842766f1609163da/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6bdeb8b5904b4a8994218c1e94083b7f/AB0C78C3318AE667CA264BB7F0C5E291.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>一定条件下在密闭容器里加热冰,温度和时间的关系如图所示,①②③表示水在不同时刻的存在状态。下列有关判断正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/18/8B73DF3FA78B084F0E0E0206BCABF815.png"><br>A.水分子间的间隔:②>③<br>B.水分子的运动速率:①>③<br>C.水分子的质量:①=②=③<br>D.②→③的过程中水发生了化学变化<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/86cbc050a7af4dcab601526e0879cdd1/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/91ac135626804ae78bc726caebac2767/0A1E4527530B1C9170DF695F469EDEEE.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：较易<br>某实验小组从小河中取了水样,观察到水样浑浊,有固体小颗粒。现对水样进行如下处理:<br>1.向水样中加入明矾搅拌,静置一段时间后,进行过滤,除去固体小颗粒,在过滤操作中:①玻璃棒所起的作用是。②操作前需要将圆形滤纸折叠处理,下列图示中不该出现的情形是(填序号)。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/19/A1D64759965AB9D6817FB34FD5555C45.png"><br> 2.经过过滤后的滤液清澈透明,该滤液属于(填“纯净物”或“混合物”)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/335c5a2abbde467d9a6823bc70bf913a/A6AAC7370A87B1866DD370333C5A80AD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/cdd46f2e144948d1875d52812b1e250d/AF5A63F47F1F100F1F77D5AE787D1B2F.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>如果用“<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/28/51F42C79D7C8C6D201FA99DC8EE31EBD.png"><br>”和“<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/28/D5C292B2F4AEA81DF27FA3179A848B9A.png"><br>”分别表示两种不同的原子,如图所示的是某些气体粒子的示意图,根据其组成特点用序号填空:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/28/EC540DE4F50C292610B84D7E5635027D.png"><br>1.属于纯净物的是,属于单质的是,属于化合物的是。<br>2.属于混合物的是。<br>3.由原子直接构成的纯净物是。<br>4.由分子构成的纯净物是。<br>5.图所表示的混合物中,组成该物质的粒子种类最多,一共有种。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b22e034d6af24ac9956f3457e4fcc321/8A3767B5AEABFBF42079506B86843258.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ed044c2ed6004c339fbccf36337a4008/48AB2A0E2DA2A9F5D483378DD3BAB69F.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>“生命吸管”(如图甲)是一种可以随身携带的小型水净化器,主要净化过程与自来水的净化过程相似,其简要流程如图乙所示。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/19/0E33A6D6ABD44FD2BA69D3761B7F478D.png"><br>1.滤网的作用相当于实验室的操作,实验室进行该操作时,用到的玻璃仪器有玻璃棒、烧杯、,其中玻璃棒的作用是,某同学进行该操作后所得滤液仍然浑浊,可能原因是。<br>2.利用此“生命吸管”净化后的水属于(填“混合物”或“纯净物”)。<br>3.检验此“生命吸管”净化后的水是硬水还是软水,可向水样中加入,搅拌,若观察到,则为软水。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/43c8c01d04c247d89a401892e8042b76/8B1C8023A0DC5BE5603233A149487625.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/5b5e046c6f4f4d839373d5a9432271f1/280C8930CC0BBF49BA92BA453B259396.png"><br><br>
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