3.1海洋化学资源—2021-2022学年化学鲁教版（五四制）九年级全一册随堂小测
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>海洋是地球上最大的储水库,海水中含量最高的物质是( )<br>A.水 B.氯化钠 C.氯化钙 D.氯化镁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/f1df8b6ee9ad4da7bb1287f4ff30f902/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7d67c86206fc49a5996b76f8ee4bb7bb/C0270974C90FF94B4337392542D9A129.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列有关海洋资源的说法不正确的是( )<br>A.海水中溶有大量的盐<br>B.海底蕴藏着丰富的常规化石燃料和“可燃冰”<br>C.海底蕴藏着多金属结核,也称锰结核<br>D.“可燃冰”替代化石燃料可以有效缓解温室效应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/82ec89b6a9224c2ab4a791d5a42c06d4/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7b7e22bb915945b8ab139de93e3682e5/4DFE14C0FD8B99F99A4A70DD624B8304.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列有关海洋资源及其综合利用的说法错误的是( )<br>A.海水制镁应用了富集提纯的思想<br>B.蒸馏法淡化海水是利用了海水中各组分的颗粒大小不同<br>C.海底的可燃冰大量燃烧后,也会造成温室效应<br>D.侯氏制碱法生产过程需要同合成氨厂联合,故称联合制碱法<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/24f26e4c08fc4b2cb9b7a11ad224491c/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/55b686535487454ea1cb2613f6d225be/6D5DDD43FB03D9B13ED39AB78E70E02C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>在淡水缺乏的海岛上,可利用如图所示简易装置从海水中获取淡水。下列说法不正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/1/1D0188C9B36D177888704AD78F14FEE9.png"><br>A.水杯中的水是淡水<br>B.从海水中获取淡水是物理变化<br>C.海水通过活性炭吸附也能获取淡水<br>D.获取淡水的快慢与温度有关<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/f63bbd4c795d4f32a8742330bdffd4d5/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9120ebb4e6af4b76a0b91b30167f385b/062348E319600FE23F7E7DEBE7DC0586.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图8-1-4所示,海水淡化可采用膜分离技术,对淡化膜右侧的海水加压,水分子可以透过淡化膜进入左侧淡水池,而海水中的各离子不能通过淡化膜,从而得到淡水。对加压后右侧海水成分变化进行分析,正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2014/6/28/82BA9AB7555880D38C4BB3F4866464C0.png"><br>A.溶质质量增加 B.溶剂质量减少<br>C.溶液质量不变 D.溶质质量分数减少<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2014/3e949ce36e1a4b89b0428220d69326b7/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2014/917631b474c644f095bcf2c7c9ce0bed/2821B601A4C34378511E4F147F9DB8B9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列利用海洋资源的做法不可取的是( )<br>A.海水引入盐田进行晒盐<br>B.利用潮汐发电<br>C.工业废水直排入海水稀释<br>D.合理开发利用海底“可燃冰”<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d090b6c1bf05495789770a643c64c1bc/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0d6317a63cf7429e922598d9a7892ed7/CF8FB00D66D32459D7654FCB6C07B29A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>把1000g海水加热,如果水分全部蒸发,能得到盐的质量大约是( )<br>A.15g B.25g C.35g D.45g<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/637102b45398486aa96a2b82c1d0f7ba/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0a7bddda590b4fdfa93578cfa5f74b7b/346A88E2CE12408EEBF169AD605870EC.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>已知:<br>NaOH<br>溶液能与<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/3/9088F9111F1A003D21C1331598B3FA03.png"><br>溶液反应生成<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/3/AF46297A9702CDB7F07F372B6B2255C7.png"><br>和难溶于水的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/3/860E0DE1FD8107FBFA0AFA7E46C0BFDB.png"><br>。镁大多是从海水中提取。<br>某小组<br>从预先处理后的海水中提取镁的主要步骤如下:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/3/62A8A5CA60630CE8CECED292E6979285.png"><br>1.沉淀时,NaOH应过量的目的是______________。<br>2.过滤时,使用玻璃棒的作用是。<br>3.溶解时,稀盐酸与<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/3/860E0DE1FD8107FBFA0AFA7E46C0BFDB.png"><br>发生反应的化学方程式为______________,该反应的反应类型为______________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/48312609319a4c309096744a2beedc44/09239DCE2D4C73A0EE2B32475AB23010.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/6e13427be759408eba8f248b5734cb40/3DFE6D024094557A59B466AD40870C4C.png"><br><br>
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