5.3化学反应中的相关计算—2021-2022学年化学鲁教版（五四制）八年级全一册随堂小测
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>利用化学方程式计算的依据是( )<br>A.化学方程式中,各反应物质量比等于各生成物质量比<br>B.化学方程式表示了反应物和生成物的质量关系<br>C.化学方程式表示了反应物、生成物和反应条件<br>D.化学方程式表示了一种化学反应过程<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/6d25ab593ab948c5bf709741bab141d0/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某学生计算3g碳与足量的氧气反应,可以得到多少克<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/2/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>时,出现了以下几种算式,其中正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/2/1DCBBD6D540821DF9EDF1C9B6935A028.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/2/81834CB5E05D88C9A9BEE81EBFB975A3.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/2/5E24DB129242692E9D84FDB15D348E58.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/2/337A832198247F138DA54E6E46782ED8.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/8c6392bf7b81432292af9c09717f4008/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>根据化学方程式计算,解题的步骤是( )<br>①正确地写出化学方程式②列比例式,求未知量③写已知物和待求物之间的质量比④设未知量⑤简明地写出答案<br>A.①③④②⑤ B.④①③②⑤ C.①②③④⑤ D.①④③②⑤<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/239c70967cf14af19cce622b192184c4/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/edbaaa2680f24a09a16122b8369cfe1a/967C80EEE55ADCB1B8A1BF7C15D2296A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br><img 氢气和<img 氧气充分反应后,生成水的质量为( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/9/85632C1B2C51A548CEB1BB661C009D33.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/9/B00612ACDF3F81A4FC5FE21AE947531C.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/9/CFE9A8A6B7A3A6994C08F9DEC8A656E6.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/9/D77A79764FA46ACE80AAE3C37945D312.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/d7f8318d6876486aa40c38ce0117bb20/4EF59C4461E28F3B3B09551EB8B9AC3F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/610fa5470ec0435ca56d9cb8d6c2931c/A648618B4EBDB8412F4483A439AD8378.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>铝在氧气中燃烧生成氧化铝。在这个反应中,铝、氧气、氧化铝的质量比是( )<br>A.27:32:102 B.27:24:51 C.27:24:43 D.4:3:2<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2013/8dd1cc2b2de349238a5dfd4cc2f2f396/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2013/666c2dd5a7524bfca0391625e00127dd/6070C95884526AE4E5E62CDAB5DE51F2.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>在点燃条件下,2.6g<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/B364451E127782D90FBC7CFF7DBC7280.png"><br>与7.2g<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>恰好完全反应,生成6.6g<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>、1.8<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/AA5DD1505F1D7A06A012CABC988FF45C.png"><br>和<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/7/0C9C0FCD69D5163C2502BC6B1E69E095.png"><br>。则<br><br>x<br>=______;化学方程式为______。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/68e7e3a3c128475ab0b1c9b46357d791/598EFEB965325C5CC69B561FCE82FFC4.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e72f60c01ee4412ca6fbc0a3cd58e701/83F4CD123647E1B3AEB3EADD55FE05FA.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>某石灰水中含有氢氧化钙<br>0.74g<br>,要使该石灰水中的氢氧化钙全部转化为碳酸钙沉淀,至少需要二氧化碳的质量是多少?<br>[<br>提示:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/28/09430299F20342C99E9B0AB9FAD6630B.png"><br>]<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/89adfd44307f4d68bbe01109796ab221/579CCAEA8A6BB68A162020E42B6E3CFC.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/ed793b882ec74921ac0db8ba9f8becbf/96F8122DA5D69F488A6EC4AB01141415.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>为测定某石灰石样品中碳酸钙的含量,小丽进行实验,测得相关数据如下图所示:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/14/8FA38AAAA795C92107699157E9962DA7.png"><br>1.完全反应生成二氧化碳的质量为_____。<br>2.该石灰石样品中碳酸钙的质量分数是多少?3.反应后溶质质量分数是多少?<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ee8b7d10c71f4cc38910643011739dd8/8BE5212D510DF7FE33111012FCEE682D.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0ffa933b6b8f4b1798bfe808bd90d0f5/04E73C364B51FC83B3D7497A75F47370.png"><br><br>
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