3.3物质组成的表示—2021-2022学年化学鲁教版（五四制）八年级全一册随堂小测
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列物质的化学式与名称一致的是( )<br>A.氯化钾:ClK<br>B.二氧化碳:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/26/C62D3676AEB6E324AFA54F5D15E47D98.png"><br>C.氧气:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/26/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>D.锰酸钾:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/8/26/F2521B065EC1360AB85D62BB33AE9C5F.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/eebb8693f15b47e9a2dc97a85fed899a/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>过硫酸钾,化学式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/7/6/25078108E16E8BC8281BF3EB1F805B1A.png"><br>,可用作防腐剂和漂白剂。在其化学式中,硫元素的化合价为( )<br>A.+6 B.+4 C.+7 D.一2<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/03f4b76bb78c4917b948c3bab4368f60/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/58a619e9b13e4e008e34c58859b9a247/C7B2828CB3417BAFB3D7B8C35EA432AD.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列是计算<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/25/C16F106721AF4CF3E78DEA48515C14DC.png"><br>相对分子质量的式子,其中正确的是( )<br>A.27+16+1=44 B.27+(16+1)×3=78<br>C.27×16+1=433 D.27×3×16×1=1296<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4ce29a5ad496476b8e90448410c8732c/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/f879b64c83da40b4ad52123b4d6a0ce1/3AA37B84BA3ED2EAAB2D0B73A42EDDC5.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列不是决定元素化合价的因素的是( )<br>A.得到电子的数目 B.失去电子的数目<br>C.原子的核外电子总数 D.形成共用电子对的数目<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/71f2d40bf9754f0695aa55096dea911d/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/048882477ed645feb8112940acfad5df/2A9016BBB7E41489693C2D4244636331.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列有关化合价的说法,错误的是( )<br>A.在单质中,元素的化合价为零<br>B.化合物中各元素的正负化合价代数和等于零<br>C.同种元素在同一化合物中只能显一种化合价<br>D.金属元素和非金属元素化合时,非金属元素通常显负价<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/bea545a78a314ddc9d8fd98479f562d6/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/b082719ef2244f24b2b120fd973f761e/64DA132205877CE9B40C81442B4298EA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>2020年春节期间,新型冠状病毒蔓延,研究表明喷洒过氧乙酸(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/15/63A25797A4DE769FD639868387080FED.png"><br>)消毒液可有效灭活病毒。下列关于过氧乙酸的说法正确的是( )<br>A.从分类上看:过氧乙酸(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/15/63A25797A4DE769FD639868387080FED.png"><br>)属于混合物<br>B.从宏观上看:过氧乙酸分子是由碳元素、氢元素、氮元素和氧元素组成<br>C.从微观上看:过氧乙酸是由6个碳原子、7个氢原子、3个氮原子和1个氧原子构成<br>D.从定量上看:过氧乙酸分子中碳原子、氢原子的个数比为1:2<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/03554a2c67fc41978906c8215531171c/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列物质的化学式读法错误的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/15/70584A3D1D93DFDC8FAC1EFD472B61D7.png"><br>读作氯化铝<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/15/49A16F7E6099868868A4ADE3D5A333A9.png"><br>读作氯化镁<br>C.AgCl读作氯化银<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/15/95927DCE0608F0DFD4683D1A0C94FCDF.png"><br>读作氯化铁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a215bac90c9f4d0799b82339749ebfce/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：较易<br>化学用语可准确简洁地记录和交流化学信息,请用化学用语填空。<br>1.空气中含量最多的气体。2.2个镁离子。3.2个五氧化二磷分子。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/15287076d70f4eb8b6f221e884094648/566E889CA043A2C40B970123CAF80263.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/b20b109a08e64870a435ad700fc111e3/B5CE4D1849AEAED18EF743B409B026BF.png"><br><br>
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