海南省琼中县2018届九年级上学期期末考试化学试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列变化中,属于化学变化的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/098A6FEF9D12A9102ECD4BFD74B22E5F.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/EFBF9F308CB9105299970C9515908537.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/9CFB7F94D3DCD446D17688B4CC897CB9.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/FBA29373A3F3826C3AF370B16916F9CF.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5e47bb9ca9cd4375ac1510b256d022b7/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/631fef89aa78400bacaf52b9db7ae4e5/2115D5394FDC60FB1C6D4F59AC98E420.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列图示实验基本操作错误的是( )<br>A.称量药品<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/E615657A835F191F8E5B34F62B5F564A.png"><br>B.倾倒液体<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/ED574483E55D99A0D2BD4190039DBFC8.png"><br>C.检查气密性<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/4D508D75E65CF44069ACB3837F0CEEAD.png"><br>D.读取液体体积<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/B62F4D37C99CD7C5CA3893664D07BADA.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/244abe11ba5445fea1f7ac436871df18/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/b48004737bfc423c8ff76bd48578ee6f/DB0413D25BEDD8001F13462C52BCC7B6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>化学式“<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/28/AA5DD1505F1D7A06A012CABC988FF45C.png"><br>”表示意义错误的是( )<br>A.水这种物质<br>B.一个水分子<br>C.水是由氢、氧两种元素组成<br>D.水是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子组成<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/4d63131df592448685e23892980f0b18/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/5300996a58994867a96c6bfca8377393/463D1F2F44598D11E4CC475393EEF988.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列对分子、原子、离子的认识,不正确的是( )<br>A.分子、原子、离子都能构成物质<br>B.气体压缩为液体,分子体积变小<br>C.温度越高,分子运动越快<br>D.钠原子和钠离子的化学性质不同<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/61d27cb9ccf0456d836a47f13c0f27dd/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/4c8134f49da44a858b01980ece290597/2AA0EDBD8F0114E07518481DA6B33398.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列关于实验现象的描述,正确的是( )<br>A.硫在氧气中燃烧时,发出微弱的淡蓝色火焰<br>B.木炭在空气中燃烧时,发出白光,生成白色固体<br>C.细铁丝在氧气中燃烧时,火星四射,生成黑色固体<br>D.红磷在空气中燃烧时,产生大量白色烟雾<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2017/b24fef0fd90241949d9923daa337a3bf/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>硒元素的某些信息如下图所示,下列有关硒的说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/AD401A9E60652ADCB829A3D74C83B02D.png"><br>A.相对原子质量为78.96g B.原子序数为34<br>C.硒元素的元素符号为se D.属于金属元素<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/72d5565976624471ab9c3f92699a3588/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/90fba0dd8efb462bb240b4025fc8e424/CC7134A5C5FD337377A919E9ABEC6E53.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列化学用语书写正确的是( )<br>A.氢气:2H<br>B.一氧化碳:Co<br>C.镁离子:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/EEAB3ED58B6436756C87D7BED13E963F.png"><br>D.钠的化合价+1价:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/597EF5A052D0D1E6D3A7BC7745D0395B.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/f6b419bcd41f42fb8fc0044610768ed7/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e7ef67df756743e8be6daaa2d7b98587/CED91385E39EED1A69401170466485E8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列离子结构示意图中表示离子的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/C9B5DECF767F2B89FFBA34C933EEB96C.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/52D47EB84F593444387A7932BADBF5FB.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/12D753E832C2D5EF46D4D5ACAB74D5EF.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/703CAC05C0BDE48D3798812943D5ACC7.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1e201856999740bca237fb859004deae/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/8006d247fd1d4d8f950126ccf82871fb/11EEE5BB61B66857694DAEE58C557DCF.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>水滋润万物,与人们的生产生活息息相关,下列有关水的说法正确的是( )<br>A.为了保护水资源,禁止使用化肥和农药<br>B.常用肥皂水来检验硬水和软水<br>C.冰块与水混合得混合物<br>D.河水经沉淀、过滤处理后得到纯水<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/eca86252d2704f19b84f0e16d7408cf5/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/101ff3126f73428ca8d06d1130b7b47c/96FBD86CC9119FD5958A5016F71D6D3A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各图中,“<img”和“<img”分别表示两种不同元素的原子,其中表示混合物的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2015/2/10/AE33A8340463843B7966AE8542C34550.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2015/2/10/708D89196147FE3971F9551659BCC29C.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2015/2/10/36C5D640571653EA72A2BA17FE65B55A.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2015/2/10/C10E8432FDFB0021F6AFDA77CBB911BC.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2015/898f76c0d25d49969bf18693be0e5a60/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2015/829715c53b3247469c26d1e9adadb26c/F8F92D1D277B3A7B66DB7AFFA0576159.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>中国科学院某研究小组设计了一种高性能锂空气电池,其反应原理可表示为:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/F6555B01962E8BFCBC8F8D09CD000D6E.png"><br>,已知锂元素在化合物中显+1价,下列说法错误的是( )<br>A.反应物锂是金属单质<br>B.该反应中<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/19DB00263A67B64F8C686CD794139E8F.png"><br>是催化剂<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/AB684EA2C73DCF010F5A7D66CEA6D7E9.png"><br>中氧元素的化合价显﹣2价<br>D.该反应是化合反应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/bccb150bb4994fd49053a883f8489e59/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/77af3907763e42ddb9a44b69a3b97cb8/5D86C7358FB10E08EC308C4A4C0E0C87.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在一密闭容器中放入A、B、C、D四种物质,在一定条件下发生化学反应后,各物质量变化如表。关于此反应,下列认识不正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>A<br>B<br>C<br>D<br>反应前物质质量/g<br>18<br>1<br>2<br>32<br>反应后物质质量/g<br>待测<br>26<br>2<br>12<br></tbody><br>A.物质B是反应物<br>B.变化后待测的A质量为13g<br>C.物质C可能是催化剂<br>D.该变化的基本反应类型是化合反应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/058d96814e3443d9b93eac78468bd011/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/312af068a2174a7a9106b0481508e171/5DBCBEEB659E59506A54AE7EFFB5546D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>用化学用语填空:<br>1.保持氧气化学性质的最小粒子是_______________;<br>2.地壳中含量最多的元素______________;3.可用于人工降雨的氧化物______________;4.2个的钙原子______________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/efe94f4216ab4e1daf2aae9bc91ee538/8AB1456B422819F7DC59D09F975AB999.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/270b0f6fc29d4c2784e70f11f6b7e549/A786581DDD65B11B2D4BB25CFCFB222B.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/1A2371CD5F19F8E15FB6F53977AC8826.png"><br>表示钠在氯气中燃烧生成氯化钠的化学方程式,其中错误有:<br>(1)____________________________<br>;<br>(2)____________________________<br>;<br>(3)____________________________<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/81b641286fbd4eb392161cbf420e4e3c/35760B1EE32A8DF13FD5C3DA46A8F4F7.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/3ba86faf159b4858a135f38101f57b19/F61E796894EEA4897BA743EA63435E34.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>为了净化收集的雨水,某同学自制了一个如图所示的简易净水器,其中小卵石、石英沙和蓬松棉的作用是<br>_____________<br>;活性炭的作用是<br>_____________<br>;简易净水器<br>_____________(<br>填<br>“<br>可以<br>”<br>或<br>“<br>不可以<br>”)<br>将硬水变成软水。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/A23B99460003C0358BC622FE04A2ACD9.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/06ad550f93ee471bb425e609760eaa37/3B03D5F8EA7DB8FE7EAB112A8A6C6F52.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c3bf107a6858446e94d42896a5ffcb36/76780AC14B657DF6C4D33E6C0858496F.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：较易<br>如图是实验室粗略测定空气中氧气含量的装置。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/213D06C8EAC4B4AC99A85C36DF25802F.png"><br>1.写出红磷燃烧的化学方程式___________;<br>2.实验原理:_________;3.若装置的气密性良好,操作规范,但所测得氧气的含量偏小,其原因是____________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/24edf27945044878ab3966faaae20b3c/5DE3E6BDF8C2919C636DC2A5943AAA4F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/8dca67affb954f298690c8ea5ef0ef57/34CD02FD11D8E250169C404F8AEB0483.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>从以下所供仪器中,选择设计自取二氧化碳的装置,进行二氧化碳的制取及性质探究。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/A0E2FE012956A92A4C6B0B5EB9943E9E.png"><br>1.指出图中仪器的名称:②_____________;<br>2.制取并收集二氧化碳,选用上图仪器中的_____________(填序号),反应的化学方程式为__________________________;3.收集的一瓶二氧化碳检验二氧化碳是否收集满的方法是__________________________;4.为了探究二氧化碳能与水发生反应生成具有酸性的物质,甲、乙两同学分别设计了探究实验的方案(如图甲、乙所示)进行实验。图乙采用的四朵花为用石蕊溶液染成紫色的干燥的纸花。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/8E323FC61BDA375217EBB30868CB4C08.png"><br>①请你与甲、乙同学一起完成探究:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/4A197814C3942ED172BB2E662FCFB852.png"><br>分析图甲、乙中<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>使石蕊试液变红色的原因_______________;②你认为甲、乙哪位同学的实验探究方案合理,并说出你的理由:_______________________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a18112029b8a4849a93a40b15adf59f6/BEC9BCAEA4843A677939774B295D22D4.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/66d22be3c594493d90108c1ec124ad5b/645D5DCD8EE60CE87018743F05E59053.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>工业上电解氧化铝制取金属铝的化学方程式是:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/17/940F9954A13B4B31A6D5414966346679.png"><br>。电解<br>吨氧化铝最多可生产<br>__________<br>吨铝?请用两种不同的计算方法。<br>(1)<br>根据化学式计算;<br>(2)<br>根据化学方程式计算。<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/324a53b38f164ba9a00b640eb6fa9579/3B467A2CD7DAF9D228C3AE780E6391C5.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ec43b2e1e619406082ce3ef9a60eea57/C74028ADBFE9491B827ECE6497866A1C.png"><br><br>
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