河南省临颍县2019届九年级上学期期中考试化学试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>生活中的下列变化,属于物理变化的是( )<br>A.纸燃烧 B.切蛋糕 C.铁生锈 D.人呼吸<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/46415629264b43ef887e75ef721086af/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c8ffa58439944643b31341d7bea5fa1c/46F76504466DAC690D1A960CF6DCEFEE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列物质中,属于纯净物的是( )<br>A.洁净的空气 B.开封花生糕 C.郑州烩面 D.冰水共存物<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/8e19dd2656614fa28f2f67a964d02740/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c2fa7fd1db1a495f9d30532386b5bfc0/A7AB88D17826E359E9E1ED485D2DD7B4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>八月的颖川城区,桂花飘香,其香味是因为( )<br>A.分子在不停的运动 B.分子体积很小<br>C.分子之间有间隔 D.不同分子的化学性质不同<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/cbd6f116c7954a56aa48317126ab81d3/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/f4fcad4894004289a4934e94b380946e/52D5ACC6307CC14FE6DFC53C21A956E0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列关于水的说法不正确的是( )<br>A.水是生命活动不可缺少的物质<br>B.用肥皂水可以检验硬水和软水<br>C.水通电分解和水的蒸发都是化学变化<br>D.净化水的方法有吸附、沉淀、过滤和蒸馏等<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b5d19c9a10fb4570b92aa31b33003603/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/33e77f40d551441b831fc4b0acab564e/DE2AB117572C54954C169BE00C0C0C89.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列各组物质中,都是由分子构成的是( )<br>A.水、氢气 B.铁、氧气 C.氯化钠、铜 D.氯化钠、水<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b8a46a4692aa43329a2d3b9577fd2e31/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/465196828983406c966d550e6a981d7a/91BBE97AD20D4CBB53FFF9B78B98C3C7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列物质中硫元素的化合价最低的是( )<br>A.S<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/14/B5EA054156D6497A4FE7D6DA3F9BFA8A.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/14/95E5EE9FC9EBB63EEE4CC7523D6C311E.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/10/14/5B8A0DA17C2201985CAAC04144C22122.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/b6f9846e8f154380a91b64328702b335/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/e0735ff33d2d46af9fd19ff9b4659adc/99F74063FD6915FF1D0129294BF8E1B7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>喝酒不开车,开车不喝酒.酒后驾驶是一种违法行为.酒精的化学式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/6BC9FB97BEAD69157720D50EEB1A964A.png"><br>、下列有关酒精的说法正确的是( )<br>A.酒精中氢元素的质量分数最大<br>B.酒精中碳、氢元素的质量比为1:3<br>C.酒精由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成<br>D.酒精是由2个碳原子、6个氢原子和1个氧原子构成的<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/35dd5a897abb45d78307819a2887a708/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/2bb5ff0278264c2db217bd9c45b5959f/4B6843381D59CEB70A96D3449EFE30B8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>从如图元素周期表中获取的信息及推论正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/022C00265407A32DC277F9FF19B07A21.png"><br>A.硅元素的原子序数为14<br>B.硅原子的原子质量为28.09g<br>C.硅元素属于金属元素<br>D.硅元素位于第四周期<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/604f84f45af34643b16f611bd36cb4fc/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/fcddc1c6c2e841188db139fed7db96f7/4248BBF3EC1211B43868A32D03C575EA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>相同质量的镁,铝,锌,铁四种金属,哪一种含原子个数最多( )<br>A.镁 B.铝 C.锌 D.铁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/bd7854dfbbdb46459fb8de5af5d194b2/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c10b566f85c843fa9fa85956f65e98ea/38F9164E91C0D18475A00C45A199BA58.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>有一不纯的硫酸铵样品含氮量为18.8%,若只含一种杂质,所含杂质的含氮量如下,则不纯的硫酸铵样品所含杂质可能是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/F36AE39A864A1C568595485F2D2C61E5.png"><br>46.7%<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/C2920B52E90B7114DD19F38FB44C25B2.png"><br>26.2%<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/41AF4C3561F8A93880F1322C15B57783.png"><br>35%<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/F71EB1AC8A17C3FCD5745081E221E174.png"><br>17.7%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/66fdd765306948d5abcdc1c46017d228/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/600c8e166caf433ca3dc737092179102/85C62F3999921E7DF725B08F80E949C4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>某物质在空气中完全燃烧生成二氧化碳和水的质量比为44:27,则关于这种物质的组成描述正确的是( )<br>A.该物质只含碳元素,氢元素<br>B.该物质中碳元素与氢元素的质量比为12:1<br>C.该物质中一定含有碳元素和氢元素,可能含有氧元素<br>D.该物质的分子中碳原子与氢原子的个数比为1:2<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/faddae76c9b24c4181925775589642d7/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>根据题意写出符号<br>1.2个镁离子_____。<br>2.3个氖原子_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7a6e0b9a29c24ccf9c75bc09ae4ed429/1A3E690181404999ECB47E5AB28FD65A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0a33cf07cbf04c34a86b75411bd7b5b2/B4CE3367C81CA8C8FA71EFC7A0BE702F.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>空气中含量最多的物质的体积分数是<br>_____<br>,地壳中含量最多的元素和最多的金属元素组成的化合物的化学式是<br>_____.<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/59471dfa671946c28e65c8fb5b14c24c/BFC5E0E487F9CC01D745D4553530F4A6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/2b9e76489fd645f184db07de4e98baf7/B52976D0234BE196EB51452B87BDC34D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>如图是某反应的微观示意图:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/577CBDE0604A879DCB7DF706F3180870.png"><br>1.写出图中单质的化学性质_____(任写一点),<br>2.写出该反应的化学方程式_________________________________,3.反应前后化合价改变的元素是_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a1e87a64b2514995a45e788926d565f6/22B544A0A464D5EFD9FC98033901BB63.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/20bd9cab93ce418998bbf5d3e67cc429/D3738C155E35025CF069978218DDC97E.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>如图是某葡萄糖酸锌口服液的标签。根据题意回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/B1D4E64F87E83A3EBA3D8B61814FE96C.png"><br>1.标签上的含锌6.5mg是指_____。A单质B分子C元素D原子2.每个葡萄糖酸锌分子中共有_____个原子。3.葡萄糖酸锌的相对分子质量是_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/f34483a8f7c349539efe73ee255d3dfd/D944B8103925994F195FD9D208DDF257.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/f3002454118942229d208d090229b04c/FAD14F2DF2DE3A19CDDC147BE3FDEBA5.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>(<br>)在元素周期表中,其原子结构示意图如图,在化学反应中该原子易<br>_____<br>(填<br>“<br>得到<br>”<br>或<br>“<br>失去<br>”<br>)电子<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/45E4025D6031E52002E158D6FEB0CECB.png"><br>(<br>)写出原子序数为<br>、<br>两种元素所组成化合物的化学式<br>_____<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/08365bd581e34b59847638fbf10ad360/D22DA60A36FA5F5D91CFB84B443D3089.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/388a2c079a224a03b33981419f8b7a67/73B100B792B4927E08514BC0E64DFE3D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>有核电荷数都小于<br>的<br>A<br>、<br>B<br>、<br>C<br>、<br>D<br>四种元素,<br>A<br>能形成氧化物<br>AO<br>,其中<br>A<br>元素的质量分数为<br>60%<br>,且<br>A<br>元素原子核内质子数等于中子数,<br>B<br>元素原子内无中子,<br>C<br>原子核外最外层电子数是次外层的<br>倍,<br>D<br>比<br>B<br>原子多<br>个电子。试回答:<br>写出<br>A<br>、<br>B<br>、<br>C<br>、<br>D<br>四种元素的元素符号:<br>A_____B_____C_____D_____<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ecd521e029d24559b5312e224913b657/15C0215020D938E82DD77D9BFD1A82C5.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9619eca85fa2409b9f24cc148eabe8b9/AE37EC2D3F37363A16E5A76826D0EE66.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>下列有关<br>A<br>、<br>B<br>、<br>C<br>、<br>D<br>四种物质及相互转化,其中<br>A<br>、<br>B<br>均为化合物,<br>且组成<br>元素种类相同,<br>C<br>、<br>D<br>均为单质。<br>①A→B+C ②D+C→B<br>请回答:<br>1.A和B两种化合物组成元素种类相同,化学性质不同的原因____?<br>2.写出②的化学方程式_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7cba8acd305e4d51b2caab381458b1cc/E2348F43A2EDB7DE0F6A7380F2DCB659.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/17017002f5ce48cd90856fd9695f6420/1CF92BAC4181A6F6FDFAAFD7161ECA12.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：较易<br>某课外活动小组的同学们,利用红磷和如图装置探究<br>“<br>空气里氧气含量<br>”<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/0274A55DCAE155644F3191A529269C10.png"><br>1.写出红磷在空气中燃烧的化学方程式____<br>2.实验结束后,发现集气瓶内液面上升低于容积<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/A5AFADE441F511EB4353A7C0FBB97BDD.png"><br>的原因?_____(任写一点)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/301111bb43b34d039924e56df73eac1c/91141C4EA23781FF19C6E8DAC93D0971.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/40b03df90f6245b9814670dcefcd9a8c/6CBF8F7C98D4F8F9119FC6D701D0236B.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是放置在实验桌上的三瓶无色气体,它们可能是<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/15A1D3256B52D81602FDC0C3C5842B4E.png"><br>,请设计简单的实验方案将它们鉴别出来<br>.________<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/82F3430ED0A961F392D296309A766285.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1aabc69a1ee84a4ca9e4c536aa21ad9d/0A13A5761C1C326D25D65E88D5970A8A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/8d410090e7234cb8b4cb50316909849e/A2BEFFA2212F8450FE865D5DD238E6E8.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>请用化学方程式表示下列反应原理。<br>1.生成物是无色无味气体的化合反应________。<br>2.实验室用两种固体混合物加热制取氧气的反应原理________3.灭火器中的干粉(主要成分是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/69006AE9978DAE1FF1136A3E55851AD2.png"><br>)受热分解生成碳酸钠、水和二氧化碳____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/40812948171f43909e0d03efb7f32b8e/4661771398E9F5588D8235A1FB6039AE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/113e65f7c38b4e9391fc678d2f25e44f/5C4B80BD7D65F08C0805A598DCAD5A93.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>化学是以实验为基础的科学,实验是科学探究的重要手段。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/11/977E7C93A27972A671F7654407E81415.png"><br>1.康康同学利用如图实验装置进行探究实验。请回答下列问题:①若A装置试管口放一团棉花,请写出A装置制取氧气的化学方程式_____。②画出①中生成物是单质的原子结构示意图____③收集氧气时不宜用D装置,其原因是什么____?2.康康将B、C装置连接后可制取多种气体,①写出用B、C装置制取氧气的化学方程式。_____。②举例说明①中生成物液体,在不同实验中的作用____。3.实验室用锌粒(固体)和稀硫酸(液体)反应,生成物是硫酸亚铁和氢气。(氢气难溶于水,密度比空气小),制得的硫酸亚铁可用于治疗缺铁性贫血。某贫血患者每天需补充1.12g铁元素。①制取氢气可选择的实验装置是_____。②写出硫酸亚铁中各元素的质量比_____。③计算他每天服用的药物中含硫酸亚铁质量是多少____?<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1abf73a72a9e4f9bb8fedcdaeadf92b5/5BDEB066A253E23E9F148BF967E77CCA.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/85ae966b4ec7408494a0b60906cf9508/E86F64B058694A212EB658BC4FF37039.png"><br><br>
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