河南省鹿邑县2020届九年级上学期期中考试化学试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>生活中有太多的变化,下列“变”中涉及化学变化的是( )<br>A.树根“变”根雕 B.葡萄“变”美酒<br>C.玉石“变”印章 D.机器人“变”形<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/6060c7ee73834c63a0419ce5533eca26/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/ebd5998325754d31972272dbfb1b3a78/F12C6EDBF4E2C30D9C4BC73E1AD3E105.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>某同学用量筒量取液体时,量筒放平稳后,初次读数时仰视读数为18mL,倒出部分液体后,俯视读数为12mL,则该同学实际倒出的液体体积为( )<br>A.大于6mL B.等于6mL<br>C.小于6mL D.无法确定<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/9d972f7821c34a5b9f879c2305e0ad8d/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列物质属于纯净物的是( )<br>A.糖水 B.泉水 C.冰水混和物 D.清新空气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ddac6a601a8144af8cb39d60717eb07d/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/361e1262bcd147a99777609746a2c30b/DAB998FDDF8B8BF6BDAA1AC9DE877783.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列气体不是空气污染物的是( )<br>A.二氧化碳 B.二氧化氮 C.二氧化硫 D.一氧化碳<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/de8494b8230142538651aeed59a70590/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/5e74bfe29d1048c7b434e9735176c8d8/7CE2483F241BFE2E745FF6129E12B0E1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>根据原子结构示意图<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/42978AA8834E4023E61B4BE2C4FB1999.png"><br>,不能确定的是( )<br>A.电子层数 B.中子数<br>C.质子数 D.最外层电子数<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6a0124070cbd4002a7c75681f0555b05/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/5b4d817771594c789c58d332ab904b63/12F6A523720D7F3922C19A45FF275C8A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列物质,氧气(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>),水(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/EC3292BA20EA95699E445A75CBF39462.png"><br>)二氧化碳(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>).硫酸(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/022320F764A526311DCDA3EBFFF86FEA.png"><br>)中都含有( )<br>A.氧元素 B.氧分子 C.氧离子 D.氧气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/078bfe476b484b8692159a273845c6d3/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7fa0f55d65c6429ebbf402f0a4f83a60/0859151048A32C31AA9E680B1AE86996.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>物质都是由微粒构成的。老用“<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/7A7B833236E125002292A6AAF43D1E66.png"><br>”和“●”表示两种不同原子,下列能表示化合物的图是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/73AE68ED4559AC279778A01F3751A863.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/676326303FB1163474692E65A38AD24D.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/3C22099B693E0699D33B846635A43A94.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/E43B3C4EF898CE4FD09FCA90F6EFAF00.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c2ff01cb84484622bc3dc35ee93961a4/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/78b84d87110c4f1caf8de23e2ed4030e/7AC27FCCC680A928BC796B1A21E72605.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>工业上制取大量氧气的方法是( )<br>A.加热氯酸钾 B.分离液态空气<br>C.加热高锰酸钾 D.过氧化氢分解制氧气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/aa75198fa087496e89e14480f39898c1/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/5ceafdfb068848bf8dd4c336a22c6f3c/01A2A3655AC03E10A1F454DFC278F484.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列反应中,不属于分解反应,也不属于化合反应的是( )<br>A.碳酸钙<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/75402DE1B8C0C3C0A72C3F829F7A8DEF.png"><br>氧化钙+二氧化碳<br>B.铁+氧气<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/ED9E7D207AAD6A0B3A001226F93EEA23.png"><br>四氧化三铁<br>C.甲烷+氧气<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/ED9E7D207AAD6A0B3A001226F93EEA23.png"><br>二氧化碳+水<br>D.过氧化氢<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/B083FC5F8848F6C78EB66973614198BF.png"><br>水+氧气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/33a2ba84822d4dbaa1621715f0c6c92c/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/16340ed66d074f5e8c9544f1100e0983/BD89BF48CA1A1D779D5F9D043CD4B3D2.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列化合物中,氮元素化合价为+4价的是( )<br>A.二氧化氮(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/C767696CB25FABAD622C476A2887E32E.png"><br>)<br>B.氨气(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/B8412B99EF52FBFC82A6EBAC7C8B8D8E.png"><br>)<br>C.五氧化二氮(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/2/3B502B4E08B1C5522664972931345721.png"><br>)<br>D.一氧化氮(NO)<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/51d60d187ef4411c9cd7ad04a4985331/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e9ddfa62e2af493b9330a2aaa1fa869b/52CEF6CD2C3871E3328425DEE635DB4C.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列物质中铁元素质量分数最低的是( )<br>A.FeS<br>B.FeO<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/29/44F64D7E65F3BED942A6236E4D8161BF.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/9/29/4291691F67BE513204B38B2B82064543.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/426dc0d9d8414c6a968558f0fb63cba7/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/eeab393d3c074808bab0cfca3cb34fc4/C5F1898757763CAD940A7B7D1D42DC2A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>住宅着火,消防人员用高压水枪灭火,水在灭火中的作用是( )<br>A.降低可燃物的着火点<br>B.隔绝空气或氧气<br>C.降低温度至着火点以下<br>D.水分解出不助燃的气体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/05b59c3fc43d4d6887d3ac51379f70ec/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0c185c7248434008ba48ee632cc3aacd/3E3C8F00459BE7C7B172527F835D4596.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>根据所学知识<br>简单写出区别下列各物质的方法。<br>1.厨房中的食盐和白糖_____;2.氧气和二氧化碳_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/fa3eb3d209674479b8a698c23c71c648/F61629218FADD8EBE48401B5C0C39623.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/01374ae5f0d24905911b5be5ca0cc738/707AC66764676C072BE5B2082F867029.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>用分子、原子的知识解释下列现象。<br>1.一氧化碳能燃烧,二氧化碳不能燃烧_____;2.100mL的水与100mL的酒精混合,总体积小于200mL_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/e4900e54f231439f84ff404ebfaadfed/404F2C0265C150871ECBE0E1695A61B6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/46001b0bc549447cb279d7c2292c1a15/3B6EFBE3C921474CCE4BE954108B14D6.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>用化学符号填空。<br>1.2个氧原子_____;<br>2.硫酸根离子_____;3.过氧化氢_____;4.2个氢分子_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b270bcecc1744ae398c15d6430bcc64a/BC11D776C58D071B9A707A94C8342E7E.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/8feccbb9ffe247ad82a755334215b44e/0C8222CEC84F2E689F69F159C9AFCDF5.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>写出下列反应的文字表达式。<br>1.铁丝在氧气中燃烧_____;<br>2.加热高锰酸钾制氧气_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/62e72dd7042d45ff8e70f8d16559bc14/9670469E627FD6ACD2DBB41673D56EA3.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/75d8812c2b2649bd97059124b048fd85/19E00926C5C3DFB59847C55548880AE5.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>已知酒精的化学式为<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/6BC9FB97BEAD69157720D50EEB1A964A.png"><br>.<br>则酒精由<br>_____<br>种元素组成<br>酒精中碳、氢、氧三种元素的质量比为<br>_____<br>;其中碳元素的质量分数为<br>_____<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6b3a716122b54f7298448e1636e9f95b/8FE9A8938297F52C4BB4EE4DFCD1800C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0d2ef0f463e240ef97d14b1dc7ac191d/E49C74C265C9B0648E3BC3022BB6001A.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>将下列灭火时采取措施的原理填在横线上。<br>1.家里煤气起火时,应先关闭阀门_____;2.油锅着火,用锅盖盖灭_____;3.用嘴吹灭蜡烛_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0d1a4e874c5845cd922e43519bf5f8eb/9CB88158CDE87CC3491FBBC2F4639193.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d16a55b2e6fc4abc92c19b294a5c4a55/09B4E807D4AD05EFF122AB4222262CDE.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：容易<br>蜡烛是由石蜡和棉线组成的。<br>1.石蜡放入水中,浮在水面上,说明石蜡的密度比水的密度_____(填“大”或“小”)。2.点燃蜡烛在其燃烧过程中,属于物理变化的是_____;3.取一火柴梗,平放人火焰中约1秒后取出,可观察到两端变黑,说明火焰的_____部分温度最高。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/625be80710e140b2bd7105aa7a736c30/21EEE1D2AB0E67041C1F8E1E46EC68F8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6ec58824740f4323b8a97148ff855620/4B58341506CAF3EA7E1241D7165F1A20.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>根据图示回答问题。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/344246FC9189009E748C959679712B99.png"><br>1.图甲是铯元素在元素周期表中的信息,则铯属于_____(填“金属”或“非金属")元素,该元素原子的质子数为_____。2.图乙为元素周期表的一部分,X、Y、Z代表三种不同元素,以下判断正确的是(____)<br>A 原子序数:Z>YB Y、Z位于同一周期C X、Y最外层电子数相同<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/fb2ff350d945427ab681e19e13cb78fa/AA4CDA78BE491DBAA9973407D8CA35CE.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/3b27de78278e45e682be8c8b27e0492d/6FE6570621D68C4B97D2CFBC6A58DC6B.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>下面是几种实验室制取气体的发生装置与收集装置。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/B87E37A06A3C50973C28859BE4FEF820.png"><br>1.写出仪器名称:I_____;II_____;<br>2.实验室可用二氧化锰与双氧水制取氧气。若要较好地控制产生氧气的速度,应选用装置_____(填编号)。3.若用E装置进行排空气法收集氧气,气体应从_____(填“a”或“b”)端通入,检验氧气收集满的方法是_____。4.苯甲醇(分子式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/6/3/8F39415E44F28649A1772F468E035B6E.png"><br>)在医疗上曾作溶剂来溶解青霉素钾盐以减轻注射时的疼痛,但是不断有实验数据显示,苯甲醇与臂肌挛缩存在相关性,会导致患“青蛙腿”。因此,苯甲醇作为青霉素钾盐注射溶剂的方法已逐渐被淘汰。请回答:①一个苯甲醇分子由_____个原子构成。②苯甲醇中碳、氢、氧三种元素的质量比为_____(填最简整数比)。③苯甲醇中碳元素的质量分数为多少_____(结果保留到0.1%)?<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1f7da4707b594ff882c499f7a2933001/5DF16CD06A7D34F2CCCBFBD9F6D9B6AD.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0150b2877a694fffb3a5168fd0529eb9/951DA6EA5BFFCD720C5C5FD424F84F5D.png"><br><br>
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