天津市河北区2021届中考一模化学试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列物质中,属于纯净物的是( )<br>A.果汁 B.液氧 C.波尔多液 D.洁净的空气<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/90033050587446fa842b22add54b9c1d/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7cef5d0f5e104927a77779748ed5d875/59FEF894C0A95497C5C78BFCB037E694.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列变化属于物理变化的是( )<br>A.湿衣晒干 B.粮食酿酒 C.食物腐败 D.蜡烛燃烧<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c47d2635089a4d2681fb8123780cba95/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/baa7e0978a50480880e70264bc3319b7/7BBCE664691CB3E58161E03F770C6BA0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列化肥中,属于复合肥料的是( )<br>A.硫酸铵 B.硝酸铵 C.硝酸钾 D.氯化铵<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ecc0772792d74e6aadf45b40c18fe508/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d00bbb9fbbb548b8a2bd15f90646d264/5CC6F8B93F4DDECE489E5B038A3B914D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下列说法正确的是( )<br>A.人体中含量最多的元素是铁<br>B.海洋中含量最多的元素是钠<br>C.空气中含量最多的元素是氢<br>D.地壳中含量最多的元素是氧<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b0e4c61bda9c4f7094c8ed123ab6e53a/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/efdc2daa40c34cc698c679c889ec6868/FE1B809B1EFC948CB1E712390913E2FE.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列图示实验操作中,不正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/5CD6A8F9856A2C82B56F0CD22C3047D3.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/665139608A1F60A6DF5F393CE2D33213.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/DBA8AD07A64BFABA6BBF7CC949E63C33.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/A6ABB0A76FB6CB7F6735982414D4B33C.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/aab0463e1c9b46f9953d9053a846591b/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ff9159b99a264b3b822b03faa4c3a1da/EF4D4FF6F67CA29EAA89B5B9287C9DFC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：容易<br>下表是健康人体内一些液体近似pH,其中呈酸性的是( )<br><tbody><br>胃液<br>胆汁<br>血浆<br>胰液<br>0.9~1.5<br>7.1~7.3<br>7.35~7.45<br>7.5~8.0<br></tbody><br>A.胃液 B.胆汁 C.血浆 D.胰液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1dbbc0a59eb44899806572925c7a4227/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/976a5c03f94f44a8b491a61856c5e9a2/9AA910768F7A4EAA7514B75E0312CACB.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>对下列实验现象描述错误的是( )<br>A.硫在氧气中燃烧发出蓝紫色火焰<br>B.红磷在空气中燃烧产生大量的白烟<br>C.氢气在空气中燃烧产生淡蓝色火焰<br>D.铁丝在氧气中燃烧,生成四氧化三铁<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3768bffcb43e49079de8aed9bee7170b/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/4de92513e6534e999a691e9930187725/7C1D65F64D278F17065476D4B366C9D9.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列对宏微观现象的观察、思考、推理的说法不正确的是( )<br>A.水蒸发变成水蒸气体积变大,说明水分子间隔变大<br>B.过氧化氢分解生成水和氧气,说明过氧化氢是由水分子和氧分子构成的<br>C.将紫色石蕊溶液滴入某稀溶液中,溶液显红色,说明该稀溶液显酸性<br>D.氢氧化钠、氢氧化钙具有相似的化学性质,说明它们的溶液中都含有氢氧根离子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/57a69917d10f4ff4ae844b65e22179d8/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9b412efec66044f58f423c8f9ee80c26/A506AEF9C270F7E683CAD2C28C3D3128.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列有关说法正确的是( )<br>A.炒菜时油锅着火,可用水扑灭<br>B.铁强化酱油中的“铁”指的是单质<br>C.催化剂在化学反应前后,其质量和化学性质都不发生变化<br>D.化学变化过程中伴随着能量变化,所以伴随能量变化的过程一定是化学变化<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/9ffcb35e0aa249a29d3ce27835d43628/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/29e6b51235cf458facbd2831c654f0f2/4082F880FCE131224AF81678770C3A4E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列说法不正确的是( )<br>A.为防止一氧化碳中毒,可在煤炉上放一壶水<br>B.与氢氧化钙混合研磨能产生氨味气体的固态氮肥一定是铵态氮肥<br>C.向盛有粉尘的金属罐中快速鼓入空气,点火发生爆炸,该粉尘可能是煤粉<br>D.向饱和的石灰水中加入氧化钙,充分反应后恢复至原温度,溶质的质量分数不变<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/005fb62669474919a921586fd6ef006e/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/f4f3ab415bf2471b8d1eb8580b28374b/1C6A1AB985A5F2934E923ABA2CA0B81C.png"><br><br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列实验方案设计正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>实验目的<br>实验方案<br>A<br>除去二氧化碳中的少量水蒸气<br>将气体通入足量的澄清石灰水<br>B<br>检验木炭粉中是否含有铁粉<br>取少量样品滴加稀硫酸,观察现象<br>C<br>鉴别稀硫酸与氢氧化钠溶液是否恰好完全反应<br>向反应后混合溶液中加入氯化钡溶液,有白色沉淀产生,证明恰好完全反应<br>D<br>鉴别浓硫酸和稀硫酸<br>用玻璃棒分别蘸取少量溶液滴在纸上,使纸张变黑的是浓硫酸<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/90c08b7769f2418e80bf839adf1c2fe4/D18D4D13EAB1C5050787CC6EDF970E13.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/3354c4174acc472ba21ff572949dbf7d/2B9C763C9C3B8555EC705D7CFC26F67F.png"><br><br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：中等<br>甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质间的反应如下图所示“—”表示相连的物质间在一定条件下可以反应,下列选项符合图示反应关系的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/455A44E9C063777200B131645AA05D22.png"><br><tbody><br>选项<br>甲<br>乙<br>丙<br>丁<br>A<br>Fe<br>CO<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/5B8A0DA17C2201985CAAC04144C22122.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>B<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/AF46297A9702CDB7F07F372B6B2255C7.png"><br>HCl<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/D0297358BB0227FF96AF8FD5DEB46A08.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/12F5C4AC564AD3765E56094E20CC81FF.png"><br>C<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/79439DE1DA1D931FB78C54E47331413B.png"><br>NaOH<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/2AC1A4FAF14CF4A728016A411339C27A.png"><br>D<br>C<br>CO<br>CuO<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/e9e68707900842caa761555c49df101e/BDFF15D8D941257DA32E80A18C28199A.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0dd875c88a72496d8f0dfc0050e59f34/E676A0309A1818307F63F5CB367A28B1.png"><br><br>※题型：多选题※知识点：多选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列说法正确的是( )<br>A.将<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/0125C0E265985712A3A9CAA2643B9043.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/3F30495D3823C08C764DD559232947A7.png"><br>固体混合物9.2g与100g7.3%的盐酸恰好完全反应,则生成<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>气体的质量为4.4g<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/082D80F44856B737F86B78C92EC26F4C.png"><br>和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/F8E821D630858F773BB13E1815CA742B.png"><br>的混合物含S量为a%,则混合物中Fe元素与O元素的质量比为7:8<br>C.密闭容器中CO和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>混合气体5g与足量CuO反应,得到6.6g<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>,则混合气中C元素与O元素的质量比为2:3<br>D.Mg和Fe的混合物4g与足量的稀硫酸反应,生成<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/3FD11E2AFC06B1D240106659D73AE871.png"><br>质量为0.2g,则该混合物中Mg元素的含量为30%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0921141821974e0f98cacd00f80fba66/4D602B79606E3B65829E8D0313A702E6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0440fbbc93e04b53bdd53afa4266dbd1/32427BFED1B945CD8F989916DBF6D381.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>现有<br>①<br>不锈钢<br>②<br>干冰<br>③<br>甲烷<br>④<br>石墨<br>⑤<br>二氧化硫<br>⑥<br>消石灰,选择适当的物质填空(填序号)。<br>1.可用作电池电极的是_________。2.可用于人工降雨的是_________。3.可用于制炊具的是_________。4.可用作气体燃料的是_________。5.可造成酸雨的气体是_________。6.可用来改良酸性土壤的是_________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4043a78278394973a8103f77fa71d8b4/12956B031D0905D00CB5ED62052B260C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0b48f772264b4871af24bd6ddf738377/D56C2075E95FA0CBD71BB3CFC3B5DF1A.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>人类生产、生活离不开化学,用所学的知识填空。<br>1.空气中<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>所占的体积分数约为_________。<br>2.含有较多可溶性钙、镁化合物的水为_________(“硬水”或“软水”)。3.净化水的操作有①过滤②蒸馏③静置沉淀等多种,其中净化程度最高的操作是_________(填序号)。4.下图所示为电解水的实验,该实验证明水是由_________组成的,该反应的化学方程式为_________。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/2088D1EB32D695BCE18CC03608369DC7.png"><br>5.工业生产中,水可作为多种反应的反应物,写出将一氧化氮和氧气通入水中制备硝酸的化学方程式_________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b5dd4658ae7b4c99b3a071f91fb8da53/D4FF8E27881270BB62F25F91C45F5C6F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/471e22f854b24dffbb87feda36dcbc39/E9997DF864BC95FD54CF860C0E004F1B.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：较易<br>写出下列反应的化学方程式<br>1.碳在氧气中充分燃烧_________。<br>2.加热高锰酸钾分解制氧气_________。3.稀盐酸与氢氧化钠溶液反应_________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b2610f0d6bd443ad9f04ac029f134d52/8291C24C3190FCEA8299DF92A6ED6418.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/a60c2690d4334248853b0301e67a3416/D5EC84D4EE824831D5F938E8D4E3D802.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>金属与我们生活息息相关。<br>1.铝块能制成铝箔是利用了铝的_________(填字母)<br>A导电性B导热性C延展性2.金属中加热熔合某些金属或非金属,就可以制得具有_________的合金。3.铁制品锈蚀的过程,实际上是铁与空气中的氧气和_________(填化学式)等发生化学反应的过程。4.工业上常用稀硫酸对生锈的铁制品进行酸洗除锈,写出用稀硫酸除去铁锈(主要成分:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/4291691F67BE513204B38B2B82064543.png"><br>)的化学方程式_________。5.某钢铁厂每天需消耗2500t含<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/4291691F67BE513204B38B2B82064543.png"><br>76%的赤铁矿石,该厂理论上可日产含Fe98%的生铁的质量是_________t(结果精确到0.1)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/11404556894a457fa5c551f5ab58d59f/23F8C9D703B1326C5557AE666BFFA090.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/bf615ceb31fa46908adbcf08d199ec62/90B858D80CEC29E106742FA44C1E3C3D.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>溶液与人们的生产、生活密切相关。<br>1.在盛有水的烧杯中加入以下某种物质,在形成溶液的过程中,溶液温度明显升高的是_________(填字母)。A烧碱B硝酸铵C氯化钠2.固体物质甲和乙的溶解度曲线如图所示:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/9D11C8E35F92EB0A77559431FE4A024E.png"><br>①<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时,物质甲的溶解度为_________g。②现将<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/427B1B5C2818448CE85E00E7373466A3.png"><br>时物质甲和乙的饱和溶液升温至<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>,则两溶液的溶质质量分数甲_________(填“>”、“<”或“=”)乙。③<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时,完全溶解20g物质甲,至少需要水的质量是_________g。④<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时,相同质量的甲、乙两种饱和溶液,物质甲的饱和溶液中所含水的质量_________物质乙的饱和溶液中所含水的质量(填“>”、“<”或“=”)。3.将<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/F6E20041569242D29171C620FDA4DDBB.png"><br>时物质甲的饱和溶液140g稀释成质量分数为10%的甲溶液,需加水_________g。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5881c52bfd2641c09e72f6df0fe13433/F16A0C3C7EA76F918A33B4C410CF57F8.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d340ed1ff8d546bca722f512651f5533/470A4EB72BA8BA487009F1BEEBFB8EDD.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：较易<br>化学是一门以实验为基础的学科,请根据所学的知识填空。<br>1.实验室欲除去粗盐样品中含有的不溶性泥沙,在过滤操作中需要用到的实验仪器和用品有:烧杯、铁架台(带铁圈)、玻璃棒、_________和滤纸。<br>2.从下图选择仪器,配制50g溶质质量分数为10%的NaCl溶液。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/B024ED973A84F4DA274763B2E9653409.png"><br>①需要称量NaC1的质量为_________g。②量取水用到的仪器有_________(写仪器名称)。③溶解过程中玻璃棒的作用_________。④从配好的溶液中取出10g,其中溶质和溶剂的质量比为_________(填最简比)。3.工业上用氯化钠、水、氨气和二氧化碳反应,可生成碳酸氢钠和氯化铵,该反应的化学方程式为_________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d3d86412233344e4962f0517da1fbb5d/FA5A21FB3CDBDA9299E1A689315FCC26.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/7e3bdee57c5c48478f0ccebfa950ab86/C6A9668542236FABEAB9C35D3A4C53D8.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：较易<br>根据下列装置图回答问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/200D3FDBBAEF9C1368C422DFB44244B0.png"><br>1.写出仪器a的名称:_________。<br>2.实验室加热氯酸钾和二氧化锰的混合物制氧气,该反应的化学方程式为_________。3.实验室用石灰石和稀盐酸反应制取并收集二氧化碳,应选用的装置为_________(填字母),该反应的化学方程式为_________。4.实验室制取气体时,在装入药品前要检查装置的_________。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/cee9bf9ca31247e482b72076fdb175e7/7B2602D5A034103CA0AA7282D511326B.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e4de8ccc7eb94afb9aed6de2ee966b61/744A4C8BAD690709A06A5A93D2551B7A.png"><br><br>※题型：填空题※知识点：填空题※试题难度：中等<br>某固体混合物含有碳酸钙、氧化钙、氯化钙、铁粉中的一种或几种。取该固体粉末<br>13.4g<br>与<br>146g<br>质量分数为<br>10%<br>的盐酸恰好完全反应。按下列流程进行实验,回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/4CFC8A890656B7027399393CD99E7915.png"><br>1.气体A中所含气体为_________(填化学式)。<br>2.白色沉淀C的化学式_________。3.写出过程②的化学方程式_________。4.溶液B中的溶质为_________(填化学式)。5.固体混合物中一定不含有的物质是_________(填化学式)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4582159bb9114111b386aca336786c9c/5F2D91BB3EFB7AF5D402C32048DF2957.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c41f6f5e4d8a4384b1fd0eea8b1266cf/3485BE254B0C93F694DEE489A6C730A1.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>葡萄糖(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/5/26/D9C8A325A40FCE65D56382110E504339.png"><br>),主要存在于某些水果中。根据葡萄糖的化学式计算:<br>1.葡萄糖由种元素组成;<br>2.一个葡萄糖分子中含有个原子;3.葡萄糖的相对分子质量为。4.360g的葡萄糖中含有碳元素的质量为g。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/300c900388f0401394f8126947107dcd/2090EEFDB567B8B36A8A7E0C0B8F9E96.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/db0b4290869c426f848a19edacd1cf7d/19D207F4E69AC7E05F92AFE5BCD26421.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>取硫酸铜和硫酸钠混合物<br>8.9g<br>,向其中加入<br>100g<br>溶质质量分数为<br>4%<br>的氢氧化钠溶液,恰好完全反应。计算:<br>1.样品中硫酸铜的质量;<br>2.反应中生成的沉淀的质量;3.反应后溶液中溶质的质量分数(计算结果精确至0.1%)。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/2acb00b9319548bcb34285b22984b287/1BDB0860C12B9742E5204E25E288F803.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>
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