2021届中考化学物质的检验与提纯提升训练（五）化学除杂
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中混有的杂质,所用试剂和操作方法不正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质(括号内为杂质)<br>除去杂质的方法<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/816B3907C9661AB672D8E456FC9415CB.png"><br>溶液(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/22E31F776370366F790221CF4E7FC96B.png"><br>)<br>滴加适量的稀硫酸<br>B<br>铜粉(铁粉)<br>加入足量稀硫酸,过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>C<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/B60EFFB850CF0D71859AB1F9EFFEE036.png"><br>通过足量的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/22E31F776370366F790221CF4E7FC96B.png"><br>溶液,干燥<br>D<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/4ECACFEBCC37EE7073E5B2183EE0B735.png"><br>溶液(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/CB7E7C4BEEFBEBF27159F2B985D9C3A2.png"><br>)<br>通入过量的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/5/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/eb02e82e26ac4c878c9a99c815bea8e9/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/e6dd8ccaf3574d69af28e98d6a67a896/C87F78ABFCEFFD9035D240FAA39E4C39.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列除杂方法正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质(括号内为杂质)<br>方法<br>A<br><img溶液(<img)<br>加<img溶液,过滤<br>B<br><img(<img)<br>将气体通过灼热的铜网<br>C<br><img溶液(<img)<br>加入稀硫酸<br>D<br><img溶液(<img)<br>加入过量的铁粉,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/db5e615a29fb40b391b412e5c6b90df8/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/0f488a29afb84fc5bd13949e42423ebd/6C8619A577FD2D666CA164446A720C16.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>以下提纯实验方案不合理的是(括号内为杂质)( )<br><tbody><br>物质<br>提纯实验方案<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/9/0C656CB0B29DCCB26D409E3B5C4BC98E.png"><br>通过灼热的铜网<br>B<br>KCl固体(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/9/C593AB7E8C703062DFA5ED884F267FE4.png"><br>)<br>加入足量的水溶解,过滤,蒸发结晶<br>C<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/9/0125C0E265985712A3A9CAA2643B9043.png"><br>(CaO)<br>高温灼烧<br>D<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/9/868381FB24A1235D78001A440BF00202.png"><br>溶液(HCl)<br>加入过量的氧化铁,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/280c0f4a56c7478a94c597731c1a15b9/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质或溶液中杂质(括号内为杂质)的方法,合理可行的是( )<br>A.氧化钙(碳酸钙) 加水、过滤<br>B.氯化亚铁(氯化铜) 加足量铁粉、过滤<br>C.硫酸(硫酸钠) 加入适量氯化钡试剂、过滤<br>D.氯化钾(氢氧化钾) 通入足量二氧化碳气体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2015/61616be34b1f4643b13e62b768443367/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2015/f4ad52c3da864376ac73cd1d9181de49/4597CDB1BF681AA57F623279950C4CA3.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中的少量杂质(括号内为杂质)所选试剂或方法不正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/25/0B31708C83E9DF522861D4A3AA322379.png"><br>——浓硫酸<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/25/A0FE49C92A7A294AA56D0B80FFA78B3A.png"><br>——氢氧化钠溶液<br>C.KCl溶液<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/25/E557307CB447AB6281E58B843AA793CC.png"><br>——稀盐酸<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/25/408E7BF79B292D71EB9A5727C299FFDE.png"><br>粉末<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/25/2A4F65AEE3191A596907B3216A40243E.png"><br>——加水过滤<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ca1c12b9980e49f39b27e32953c0e330/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e5966d643c8b49ea9cdbac74e9b2b411/17DE35929E505171F2255F21BBFF3BE1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中的少量杂质,方法错误的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质<br>所含杂质<br>除杂质的方法<br>A<br>CO<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/28/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>通过足量的氢氧化钠溶液、干燥<br>B<br>Cu<br>Fe<br>加入足量的稀硫酸、过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>C<br>CaO<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/28/C33BDE800D867632B103C25FB2DA0A2F.png"><br>加入适量的稀盐酸、过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>D<br>KCl溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/28/6F534987C23C520E13822FA926969555.png"><br>加入适量的氢氧化钾溶液、过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6812456b2c4d4d54be3d8b6e0947587f/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列除去杂质的方法不正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质<br>所含杂质<br>除去杂质的方法<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/1E2B315962D7AFB9356B2F2B159D094F.png"><br>通过灼热的氧化铜<br>B<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/167FA22263F566DF8C5FB8D782CB3F9C.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/FC36191549301C2A156A2084670322F1.png"><br>加入适量的稀盐酸<br>C<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/82C99970BE69677DE64B1C67740773E9.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/C2C34E258C817EA060955A37A09CA14E.png"><br>在氢气流中加热<br>D<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/27/72E318180F1C3D00E8D8DCFDB2D09C08.png"><br>水蒸气<br>通过盛有浓硫酸的洗气瓶<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/fe14d4e10b3d42feab0a600305eba398/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/46247f58edb3424aacc9e44276cd051a/90905C83E94868CF78AA3A0097029F53.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中混有的少量杂质所选用的操作方法正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质(括号内为杂质)<br>操作方法<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/26/A0FE49C92A7A294AA56D0B80FFA78B3A.png"><br>将气体通过足量NaOH溶液<br>B<br>CuO(碳粉)<br>加入适量稀盐酸,过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>C<br>NaCl溶液<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/26/E893A7915EF5C465B7035F2323438FD8.png"><br>加入过量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/26/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>溶液,过滤<br>D<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/26/A5C332C77315A742B3681644C27D276B.png"><br>溶液<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/26/03CE33D46E6D82AA91F22214AA96A4DA.png"><br>加入适量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/26/C09DD76B9792A4D62AC4145DC76E807C.png"><br>溶液,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/a6a5414e6018409386ec2c1e40ade9ef/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/1636b13ab1694c43a750df6726f8dbc8/09AA75F21FC1F413EEC95E458E9B842E.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列各物质中的少量杂质,所选用的试剂、方法能达到目的的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质<br>杂质(少量)<br>试剂<br>操作方法<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/FFADA5F19AA4D4614F9C6B59C27E9FFB.png"><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/CE3FB2E68B350B28E5B76D176FE3FE33.png"><br>碳粉<br>将混合气体通过灼热的碳粉<br>B<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/22E31F776370366F790221CF4E7FC96B.png"><br>溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/049D802E7350A56DC61AAD18655E5681.png"><br>溶液<br>氢氧化钙溶液<br>加入适量氢氧化钙溶液,过滤<br>C<br>氯化钠固体<br>泥沙<br>水<br>加水溶解,蒸发结晶<br>D<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/444C86BAF90927D0E1202081560ABFA7.png"><br>溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/B90E8387C03EBA3876DAFDC61F8919A9.png"><br>溶液<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/378D00431D46613C43952FB479145403.png"><br>溶液<br>加入适量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/12/29/378D00431D46613C43952FB479145403.png"><br>溶液,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/a6e30d5ea733469d91792768fae7ab29/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/20572e0ce8554e8ead3634d5f9335c96/C02153177FEC78508E0646E69859ADC4.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列除去杂质的实验操作正确的是( )(括号内为杂质)<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质<br>实验操作<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/13/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>(CO)<br>在空气中点燃<br>B<br>CuO(Cu粉)<br>在空气中加热<br>C<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/13/2C69E08C3FBA7274E63D648701C4C33D.png"><br>溶液(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/13/AF154872D0EC786CACF677FD6F562EED.png"><br>)<br>加入足量锌粉,过滤<br>D<br>Zn(Fe)<br>加入足量稀硫酸,过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c19cf5cd29614b9ab33a7aac11ac7f6d/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/484e46e68af8476ca5a37742d3be9e2c/9BA18D059DD31C7F27183A2421084E6D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较难<br>下列除杂所选用的试剂及实验操作均正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>物质(括号内为杂质)<br>除杂试剂<br>实验操作<br>A<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/22/19DB00263A67B64F8C686CD794139E8F.png"><br>(KCl)<br>水<br>溶解、过滤、洗涤、干燥<br>B<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/22/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>(CO)<br>澄清石灰水<br>洗气<br>C<br>KCl(KOH)<br>稀<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/2/22/022320F764A526311DCDA3EBFFF86FEA.png"><br>蒸发结晶<br>D<br>铁粉(碳粉)<br>稀HCl<br>过滤<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/9adbe16f2fc34400a9c6ebb1118e4fef/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>某粗盐中含有可溶性杂质<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/30/620603E5D82D7CB481EADE1055819BED.png"><br>和<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/30/AF46297A9702CDB7F07F372B6B2255C7.png"><br>,要得到纯净的氯化钠,可供选择的实验操作和除杂试剂有:①过量的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/30/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>溶液、②过量的稀盐酸、③过量的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/30/51768E20EB5BB0F0DE7EF4480D27AFA6.png"><br>溶液、④过滤、⑤蒸发。<br>1.实验操作和添加试剂的正确顺序是_____________,加入过量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/30/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>溶液的目的是什么?<br>2.此提纯过程中一共发生的化学反应有几个?<br>3.若没有过滤操作,直接加入稀盐酸,蒸发后得到的物质是什么?<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/256722abd26e4ae7881c4b658459135b/81E7EC2E16910F4AFAA0076F6A370F76.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/3aace198865e4adebfa15cf60e2ffcbf/22D7EBDDF3E3987594BF36600DD0A384.png"><br><br>
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