2021届中考化学曲线图像大作战（二）金属与酸的反应图像
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>等质量的A、B、C三种金属的粉末,与足量的等浓度稀硫酸反应(A、B、C三种金属元素在生成物中都显+2价)生成<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/30/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>的质量与时间的关系如图所示,下列说法错误的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/30/5E68AAD2F54AF3DD86E7C5D35B54E8D0.png"><br>A.三种金属的活动性为B>A>C<br>B.生成氢气的质量:A>B>C<br>C.相对原子质量:A>B>C<br>D.消耗硫酸的质量:A>B>C<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/39365022362c4c5aaa50e910e52b1ed3/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/614d0f22cf2e454d8f6fb9e5768a1811/982C8A30B1890E873DE3F1A93AFC2D4D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较难<br>相同质量的Mg、Fe、Zn三种金属,分别与足量、质量相同、质量分数相同的稀<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/195F6C10B2650BB6671818FE956A12CB.png"><br>充分反应,生成氢气与消耗稀<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/195F6C10B2650BB6671818FE956A12CB.png"><br>的质量关系如图。分析图像所得的结论中,不正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/6EB982D80C6A84803BC74FFA99D6EC17.png"><br>A.三种金属的活动性顺序:Mg>Fe>Zn<br>B.三种金属的相对原子质量:Mg<Fe<Zn<br>C.三种金属消耗稀<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/195F6C10B2650BB6671818FE956A12CB.png"><br>的质量:Mg>Fe>Zn<br>D.三种金属与稀<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/195F6C10B2650BB6671818FE956A12CB.png"><br>反应后溶液的质量:Mg<Fe<Zn<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/cc9314ad976040b98330e7ab4d7eee7b/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/dc90d23371ed4b6fadaf7d979cea155a/5C76823974ADEFAC36872B66245D767A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将质量相等且足量的Mg、Fe、Zn三种金属分别放入少量的质量、浓度均相等的三份稀硫酸中,反应完成后,生成氢气的质量关系是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/05839C0877391B2A812947A5EF575096.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/A99AF879802C7FB763B9EE45777471AE.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/E08CBD37616BEA32EB72569D391A5B3F.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/08C70C4F49DE90E2AF25447F044CFD02.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/80cedd0b8074455d90ebd43990ef3148/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/dc48d56aabf7432097ec3f5cf88e9185/A0F891E953FDE29B017100F9B788FDA0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将质量相等的Mg、Al、Zn三种金属分别放入质量和质量分数均相等的三份稀硫酸中,反应结束后,生成氢气的质量关系不可能的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/16/DC7AD4C18D266799FAB7307E75D9FB03.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/16/7CD872CFC23CF66343B8833BC2590034.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/16/27950C061FBF730EEEE372CFF6A2AE71.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/4/16/BDCBC483C925606BEE8C4EC5492A85A6.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/675aca2c5ef9410e8dfc071eb2f10c3d/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/c85e0e3225cf4b298cbbc0c87983a711/F3B0A76557417E6F9A6C58A3AD1384A0.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>常温下向一定质量的稀盐酸中逐渐加入镁条,充分反应(忽略挥发)。下列图像正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/141ED0F636EF880905117D43A6C89789.png"><br>A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.②④<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/cea58ae415e14171b1ed51442ad8f074/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d382dff399974518ab61b62a85078e31/5BBA9F379FC5C8E6103691F798281AB6.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>取一定质量的锌粒和铜片于同敞口容器中,再逐渐加入稀硫酸。加入稀硫酸的质量与有关量的变化关系图正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/D6A0048430DE52C843F9299D21629AB5.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/03D3E4BB1D47B70BFCB0D17D6B54FD75.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/9646DC67F87170C2CDE01EBC9109106C.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/C7FD311C4B3B90E696A915E84BAF8BC9.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/08eaa9868d134be1ad752c3271bf13cf/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9b5e4dfc910849bebf1cd5a3693a3fde/FDFBA52FE6731104B23FC16CFAB70269.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将铁粉和镁粉分别与相同浓度、足量的稀盐酸反应,产生氢气的质量与反应时间的关系如图所示,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/DE304319CB905A10B3980051037CEEBA.png"><br>A.铁粉和镁粉的质量相等<br>B.甲是铁,乙是镁<br>C.铁粉和镁粉完全反应所消耗的盐酸质量相等<br>D.反应后溶液的质量均减少<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7471a2b49cc04252a8a194f924fa0524/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/087e343421ce44baa5335b908c0f9edd/819E07347CFC2735F3BB1D46B0940C9B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>向等质量的锌粉和铁粉中分别加入足量的相同浓度的稀硫酸,下列图像正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/11439A911A9B0763456746F09B87F940.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/10F0CBFB31E7F91B0FCB6D23E68170EA.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/5ABD5A25637F127E481A0763A687E99C.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/17/73254945F6BD7CD3C3466B24ACE8722D.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/d88b6ccc5cf4427fa238a84dd57b510e/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/70f8c81d0d194d5ab56ab29332ddae71/3A04A3F1598A03FDFAE082942979E1AA.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>等质量的同一种稀硫酸分别与等质量且足量的镁、铁、锌发生反应,下图中能正确表示产生氢气的质量与反应时间之间关系的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/93B54CD7BF3E83AA12B9D8B8849B2986.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/3FF2550181C3A4D1B7FD176D950C4459.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/0B3672322F9BC372E26907BFFCDD9E65.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/23/322353918184F45B11FB3F6AA1A74498.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/fe3f9f7a40414856b284149260221459/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0cfb29118c154ec7ad00170a2da95d31/881D04C0C85BCD2608EB5085A3461B36.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>在两只烧杯中分别放入相同质量的镁、锌两种金属,然后向两只烧杯中分别倒入相同质量、相同质量分数的稀硫酸,反应产生氢气的质量与消耗硫酸的质量关系如图9-5-3所示。综合以上信息得到以下结论,合理的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/10/B3BB2ABB9E23AF703D08EB70888355A8.png"><br>A.从图像可以看出,金属镁比金属锌的活动性强<br>B.若两种金属都有剩余,二者得到的氢气质量相同<br>C.若硫酸有剩余,二者得到氢气的质量相同<br>D.若两种金属完全溶解,二者消耗硫酸的质量相同<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5b4c8cb2f6d04ed486bedda3c74852f5/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/79e284b023654bfc964cc69395fedc4c/72363CEF8FD1E8FC2021C8BFD8B90B80.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>向足量的稀硫酸中加入布满锈的铁钉,下列有关量的变化图像中,不正确的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/DEBD60019676C006730527991DEF0276.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/9D5C97469BA70820F0810411A83259E7.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/F1698EEECCCFC4D6E5CC92E5F47DBA7B.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/C422B96F22F45B6A8B02B83435A98031.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6c8d81d16ba3445e89d4b8b019707f92/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/07bcd829eb094cbba7ab5456a9ee248a/BA5F46EAA4777FABEEF3FDFC3A73E28A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>室温下,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/15/D01EB6B91F23BB939F630FA7FD906EB7.png"><br>三种大小相同的金属片分别与相同浓度的稀硫酸反应,其发生反应的质量关系如图所示,据图回答,下列推理合理的是( )。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/15/3FFDCCB7FAFC4637AACB2BE1080FACB2.png"><br>A.反应速率:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/15/6D634DF082DF5114B8483B394D242F6A.png"><br>B.反应后溶液质量:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/15/A2E78BC5288B3A22DC2A3DFFF76AA91D.png"><br>C.反应生成氢气的质量:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/15/9678EDDA3B38F67EE4625779C94DCD8F.png"><br>D.消耗的金属质量:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/15/A4EE019AE8B6D9C961FBE55CEC2A98AD.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/9b4df108b4004fc2ad8542d634fb295e/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9f57cb1b0c444789a712bc1e941347a5/4666BDA5FEC26BBA6535B40D4CA53C29.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将质量相等的镁粉和铁粉分别投入等质量等浓度的稀硫酸中,所得<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/15/3FD11E2AFC06B1D240106659D73AE871.png"><br>质量与稀硫酸质量关系曲线正确的是( )。A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/15/514DF31EC672F82BD73192F4B9E94865.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/15/B93302BF4914F0962BF44FE30445FC44.png"><br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/15/37833BB3EE64547777F43FCC1EE237AC.png"><br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2019/7/15/2D40416F7EAFB0F9B72FB26902552E54.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/3a8f79bd82e3487a990b404ebc4a4ab0/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/ea2a36222cbf4d64b34f01fe5646ce62/40F27711182325BC4DC46679BF3EAB86.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>甲、乙两烧杯内盛有等质量相同质量分数的盐酸。将镁逐渐加入甲烧杯,铁逐渐加入乙烧杯,测量加入的金属质量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/0C541B77081C8FE66A3FE36635CF1898.png"><br>和相应的烧杯内物质质量变化量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/F89CB11835785DC3E6C43EA0FAD5867C.png"><br>,画出<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/7086EC90D10D52EBCDA1B37CFAA16DE3.png"><br>曲线<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/C7124C22DC7A60B080D6E8500BC90E92.png"><br>的示意图,如图所示。根据图中信息,下列说法错误的是( )。<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/1A5BDC83FC948412A8E01B38C155AC28.png"><br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/B3A960D5AAD0B5A7E324E5ED29127219.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/54E53742B2D0C99FDAF5D3D97A1D5CF5.png"><br>C.曲线<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/13D736D66760395DFB6A1DA1BCE349A6.png"><br>表示的是甲烧杯中<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/C421CE742D95E853CF461522737590DD.png"><br>的变化关系<br>D.当乙烧杯内加入铁的质量为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/18/3C427BFABF8227433FFF482BB5D1ED09.png"><br>时,溶液中溶质不止一种<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/03d6a027005d477ab1e690428c2c89ea/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/1b9b961b5ee642d888deac0d807afccf/C92FBCED320C671C8FF6062078CA9991.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>某化学兴趣小组的同学利用压强传感器、数据采集器和计算机等数字化实验设备,测定铝片与足量稀硫酸反应时气体压强的变化,实验结果如右图所示。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2020/7/13/8A58F85AC948DDC52993502C06D0CC7C.png"><br>1.开始一段时间气体压强几乎不变,其原因是什么?<br>2.写出<br>m<br>点时所发生反应的化学方程式。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/85830d23727e4051a1e669cc6c936653/967A1C3ABB08B638873C37DBE4E2CFB0.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2020/a10ff0a771c54e7cbd52b07a085df6cb/04DD3721CBEDF381C7C6DA61A4C4E6CC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>将等质量的锌粉和铁粉,分别放入质量相等、溶质质量分数相同的稀硫酸中生成氢气质量(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/6/C5B50CCF58C6F7E35334F27DC63594C5.png"><br>)随反应时间(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/6/609666CA5CA9706621240791D411C1CF.png"><br>)的变化曲线如图所示。请回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/1/6/971EFC0E8F5B0A2458F76A88091F4B0D.png"><br>1.写出锌与稀硫酸反应的化学方程式:_________,该反应的基本反应类型为_________反应。<br>2.对于该图像的理解,下列说法正确的是_________(填序号)。A.A表示锌和稀硫酸反应的曲线B.反应结束后两种金属一定都有剩余C.反应结束后稀硫酸都没有剩余D.反应结束后消耗两种金属的质量相等<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/e519d528e1ff4d169338cbbf4376f1e1/A47B8690883563909788B8C3A66846ED.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/92b74b968073454d99d2c1af5e20166d/E90E839A324985FB949FB709958AB246.png"><br><br>
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