深圳市南山区2019届下学期九年级期中考试化学合卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列图是初中化学常见的几个实验操作,其中错误的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/99EB0799C6C08BA81F79E7B27756F53E.png"><br>除去<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/3FD11E2AFC06B1D240106659D73AE871.png"><br>中的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/F1C9DE0824154D3131EF83C4F91AD0F4.png"><br>稀释浓硫酸<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/59A3A6BCDA23E92453FC40791D9CE943.png"><br>点燃酒精灯<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/522A81DCCDAD9DD9880C84E5090059BF.png"><br>检查装置的气密性<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/03568694e8eb4eb6892e556d9e3f40bd/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/974250d1bfdd4accb190a9e6137098f6/A16E04F9BC668B2DA4D0F4CB5F6F2A77.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列物质的化学式、分类、用途都正确的一组是( )<br>A.纯碱—<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/5020518739833AA0F61A620DBB447C84.png"><br>—碱—洗涤剂<br>B.大理石—<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/0125C0E265985712A3A9CAA2643B9043.png"><br>—盐—建筑材料<br>C.熟石灰—CaO—氧化物—干燥剂<br>D.胆矾—<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>—盐—杀菌<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/6a1e3e551f084c9fa7f1c0afbac6f462/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/245c35717764441c9bc8c3f536f86352/2193178A6FDD6A3EB9D1330A28FF1F43.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列说法正确的是( )<br>A.磷在空气中燃烧产生白色烟雾<br>B.空气中氧气的质量分数是21%<br>C.塑料瓶、涤纶布料、汽车轮胎属于生活中常见的有机合成材料<br>D.固体氢氧化钠、浓硫酸可以干燥<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/75C03F9C4735CF0A9009A2F73A35BD96.png"><br>等气体<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/75fdc64c7c4943fca4292d45e974448b/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/288cae66e5264186ac895283bf2beb1b/FDD0144E7A7A1E32C296A8267D14515D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>深圳今年较往年雨水偏多,某校化学兴趣小组为测定雨水的酸碱性,每隔一定时间测定其pH数据如下表:<br><tbody><br>测定时间(分钟)<br>0<br>1<br>2<br>3<br>4<br>5<br>pH<br>4.73<br>4.62<br>4.56<br>4.55<br>4.55<br>4.55<br></tbody><br>下列有关说法不正确的是( )<br>A.雨水酸性逐渐减弱<br>B.一段时间后,雨水酸性逐渐趋于稳定<br>C.酸雨可腐蚀某些建筑和金属制品<br>D.酸雨由空气中硫和氮的氧化物的污染而形成<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b3626df65f9a4be1b6b1dfa4f79f08c9/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9aa06efe738a4d74b3235d4c48f5fb72/0497B090D4DE4A42310514D54079CF85.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列实验设计方案不能测定铁、铜、银三种金属活动性顺序的是( )<br>A.Cu<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/082D80F44856B737F86B78C92EC26F4C.png"><br>溶液<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/C09DD76B9792A4D62AC4145DC76E807C.png"><br>溶液<br>B.CuAgFe稀盐酸<br>C.FeCu稀盐酸<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/C09DD76B9792A4D62AC4145DC76E807C.png"><br>溶液<br>D.FeAg<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/53DCB02F2927495D25664D94F91F97E6.png"><br>溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7bd7619976ba45988d506969c0bcac29/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d22a36d864ba457181fd1570c1458f97/7141949EBC882E4F86E70C48147A8036.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>香蕉等水果具有芳香气味,是因为其中含有乙酸乙酯(<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/CF841FFED8AF399E159E6ED7CA6CF2D2.png"><br>)等物质。下列关于乙酸乙酯的说法正确的是( )<br>A.乙酸乙酯中含有<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>分子<br>B.乙酸乙酯分子由4个碳原子、8个氢原子和2个氧原子构成<br>C.乙酸乙酯中碳、氢、氧三种元素的质量比为2:4:1<br>D.乙酸乙酯中碳元素的质量分数约为54.5%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3964627e61134e7d9ccc17b927ba1165/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/df0e8f4001274766a52fe2c86baffd31/7141949EBC882E4F86E70C48147A8036.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>氯化铵和硝酸钾溶解度曲线如图所示,下列叙述正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/9FBA12123D788E117CE1C40EFBC639EF.png"><br>A.硝酸钾的溶解度比氯化铵的大<br>B.a℃时,氯化铵与硝酸钾溶液中溶质的质量分数相等<br>C.将20℃的硝酸钾不饱和溶液升温可以变为饱和溶液<br>D.40℃时,50g水中加入50g硝酸钾,充分搅拌,得到质量分数为39.02%的硝酸钾溶液<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/b309a0517f954733bb063ccab2c2ab86/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/1f5263f935eb46b999286093ccb96cc5/7141949EBC882E4F86E70C48147A8036.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>密闭容器内有甲、乙、丙、丁四种物质,在一定条件下充分反应,反应前后各物质质量如表,则下列说法正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>物质<br>甲<br>乙<br>丙<br>丁<br>反应前质量(g)<br>4<br>1<br>42<br>10<br>反应后质量(g)<br>X<br>20<br>6<br>31<br></tbody><br>A.乙、丁的相对分子质量比一定为19:21<br>B.该反应的表达式为:甲+乙→丙+丁<br>C.X的数值为0<br>D.参加反应的甲、丙质量比为4:9<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2020/59ce0073d3b24677bcddc809d11401b0/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br>略<br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列各组离子能在指定溶液中大量共存的一组是( )<br>A.在稀盐酸中:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/07AADE9D90332F027175B537B9C72210.png"><br>B.在氢氧化钠溶液中:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/5B44ED98452EBE4D7F1CA1B33D96A221.png"><br>C.在氯化钠溶液中:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/BFB2C39CEDB903BF89CDE81992E22035.png"><br>D.在硫酸铵溶液中:<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/E90E00D0AB45F529D2B9C26F380B268E.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/8d0753f759984627bad4c648d6812e6b/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6bf3410f6dd04d1fb749a91657fc5e44/8165ABA4C02C9B7CFAF64088462B856C.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>A~G<br>均为初中化学中常见的物质:其中<br>A<br>、<br>C<br>组成元素相同,乙是地壳含量第二高的金属元素,<br>G<br>是大理石的主要成分,丙是生活里常用的燃料,图是它们之间的转化关系,请回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/C7187BC25E9DEEDC891322636E49C6BD.png"><br>1.丙的化学式是_____,反应③的条件是_____<br>2.写出反应①的化学方程式_____3.写出反应②的现象_____4.G→F的化学方程式是_____,该反应的基本类型是_____反应。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/0d1e18d6af24419bbf245b18ae8b9b02/1203B1A95C29D73FD30993B709B30761.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/4e1a34c30927486881ea00334fcce0b3/136CF097F8E6E61F1886DA001015F063.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>请结合下图实验常用装置,回答有关问题<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/9/92ABAC84484E477811D100E5188067B5.png"><br>(1)<br>写出图<br>中标有字母的仪器名称:<br>a_____<br>(2)<br>若用高锰酸钾制取氧气,应选用的发生装置是<br>_____(<br>填<br>“A”“B”<br>或<br>“C”)<br>,反应的化学方程式是<br>_____<br>(3)G<br>装置内装满水收集氧气时,还可用于测定氧的体积,此时还需要<br>_____<br>(填仪器名称),氧气由<br>_____(<br>填<br>“b”<br>或<br>“c”)<br>进入<br>G<br>中<br>(4)<br>若要制取二氧化碳<br>在<br>B<br>装量中装有石灰石,那么<br>a<br>中应加入<br>_____<br>,应选用的收集装置是<br>_____(<br>填<br>“D”“E”<br>或<br>“F”)<br>,如果用<br>G<br>装置收集该气体,则气体从<br>_____<br>端进入<br>(<br>填<br>“b”<br>或<br>“c”)<br>(5)<br>还可将<br>B<br>装置改进为<br>C<br>装置<br>(<br>多孔隔板用来放块状固体<br>)<br>,来制取二氧化碳,其优点是<br>_____<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/e46db931d5144a3b85a33a57e459f51f/3AA92B629D8C1E120DFD9DD924EDF24F.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6bd8d801fcfd46e4a275e4a39a3292a0/0CB1F22139C8F0D0A55F6D72926D3467.png"><br><br>※题型：计算题※知识点：计算题※试题难度：中等<br>某固体粉末为氧化铜和<br>铜的<br>混合物,某同学取<br>克混合物,将<br>克稀硫酸分<br>次加入,所得数据如表所示:<br><tbody><br>序号<br>一<br>二<br>三<br>四<br>加入稀硫酸质量(克)<br><br>剩余固体质量(克)<br>X<br></tbody><br>请分析数据,回答下列问题:<br>1.上表中,X的值为_____,第三次实验后所得溶液中溶质是_____(写化学式)<br>2.混合物中氧化铜的质量分数为_____3.实验中所用稀硫酸溶质的质量分数是多少?_____<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/1660c17ed69840fe8289c8aa9a01b0fd/01A7E792253580D5192A3E3832281D37.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/4d6772c5d7634d0b8d9b7a1b8c3e6215/7D7AFEC3DE9CDF6288BFD56D04B38057.png"><br><br>
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