广东省广州市增城区2019年九年级下学期期中考试化学试卷
※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列过程中发生化学变化的是( )<br>A.酒精挥发 B.高粱经发酵得到乙醇<br>C.干冰升华 D.浑浊的河水过滤后变清<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/85415cc3237b48229c5aa28c76068175/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ed4f15a4b94d428da22e0ca310961467/FE89603C4AE048076E14D506D9274DC7.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于空气及其组成的说法中正确的是( )<br>A.空气中体积分数最大的是氧气<br>B.稀有气体可以制成航标灯、闪光灯等<br>C.硫在空气中燃烧,发出明亮的蓝紫色火焰<br>D.氧气的化学性质比较活泼,能与所有的物质发生化学反应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c31010c8fc784ec2b6066bd4658b755f/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/f3e223ae30ee471fb61c734fa91eb4b6/DCF027D21EDAC6CAE083B2078EB58555.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列物质属于盐的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/F2521B065EC1360AB85D62BB33AE9C5F.png"><br>B.KOH<br>C.HCl<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/4DFB8F0E078BDC07EF569A7A174E9CCB.png"><br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/93f6bde41c7841828045a829e97586a6/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/a4772399b5894f82bf2864dc091564fe/8B0783210441C1D1283B94828DB6F6F1.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>如图为某粒子的结构示意图,下列说法正确的是( )<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/3E1B9E01ED7D519C04D49B33179AFEDF.png"><br>A.该粒子有6个质子<br>B.该粒子有2个电子层<br>C.该粒子属于非金属元素<br>D.该粒子在化学变化中容易失去2个电子<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/21790b11ea8148bbbab14ea32efe4873/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/77391fca1a0449dcb0ac2c78cceaa0a7/7ACA9DCA95374E77924FAF101C47806B.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列关于水的说法正确的是( )<br>A.淡水资源是取之不尽的<br>B.用肥皂水和二氧化锰都可以区分硬水和软水<br>C.活性炭可以吸附黄泥水中的泥沙<br>D.煮沸含钙、镁离子较多的地下水易生水垢<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/c628b0ee0e764ab194605fb41768ef9b/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/b63934574bb44c15af1ded11c52538a6/D573E77A70AB3A6C12C8989BF7A01436.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列物质的性质和用途对应关系错误的是( )<br><tbody><br>选项<br>性质<br>用途<br>A<br>稀硫酸能与活泼金属反应<br>用稀硫酸除去铁锈<br>B<br>熟石灰具有碱性<br>用熟石灰改良酸性土壤<br>C<br>金属铜有导电性和延展性<br>用铜做长导线<br>D<br>小苏打能与盐酸反应<br>用小苏打做治疗胃酸过多的药剂<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/3bd758597bc24b55a165a11d6d9f3484/E7F0EDF83F40244C8F0C84B97471AED6.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/d9cf25eef9d7465da1990f517d08f9b0/3917846369D41D51ABA7CB0860B8B7BC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列反应有沉淀产生的是( )<br>A.稀硫酸和氢氧化钠溶液反应<br>B.碳酸钾溶液与澄清石灰水反应<br>C.碳酸钠溶液和稀盐酸反应<br>D.二氧化碳和氢氧化钠溶液反应<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/32501ee4800e49929006e33901020657/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/9fdbaec07f8d4769a07c90f12b56d508/20DB6C5CEC1FF85714B23774B4B9858A.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>以下宏观事实对应的微观解释正确的是( )<br><tbody><br>序号<br>宏观事实<br>微观解释<br>A<br>用肉眼不能直接观察到水分子<br>水分子间的间隔很小<br>B<br>水通电后分解生成氧气和氢气<br>化学变化中分子可以再分<br>C<br>水蒸发为水蒸气后所占体积变大<br>水分子受热时体积增大<br>D<br>氯化钠溶液能够导电<br>溶剂水分子总是在不断运动<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/53b3ac3a92f6419295138806c006d174/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/4bbf564c51574718bf599fa85d22bf61/33C502643EAB910F94D9EEE91FB7B39D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列说法不正确的是( )<br>A.化学反应伴随着能量的变化<br>B.加油站、面粉厂等地要严禁烟火<br>C.室内起火,应该迅速打开所有门窗通风<br>D.燃气灶的火焰呈黄色,锅底出现黑色物质,此时可将灶具的进风口调大<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/4cf4e47350f544c8822b3960d68c1aaa/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/e7d74c1227cf474484e5b8f0a495f443/D3ECBE93FE41D8EFE9709E0FF5CBA94D.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列实验不能达到实验目的是( )<br>A.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/E3D8A4DF48146D277896FF99B662E0F0.png"><br>探究影响物质溶解性的因素<br>B.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/4AD67E15A13EA0788D708DAEFCFE485B.png"><br>探究分子运动现象<br>C.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/4AB351028F848082010377F69BFC417E.png"><br>探究可燃物燃烧需要的全部条件<br>D.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/E735812FFCF4DD5126927A1390A0E48A.png"><br>探究铁锈蚀需要<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>的条件<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/aad85fddcb324ce4a3321c44edc9dbcc/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/282a98e506844d458bb25f6c3b3c2c61/A863A11D8866BF758027242BF5337C92.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>丙氨酸的化学式为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/C74F167A54727C587CE6C1AC184A6CFB.png"><br>。下列说法正确的是( )<br>A.丙氨酸的相对分子质量为89g<br>B.丙氨酸中C、H、O、N四种元素的质量比是3:7:2:1<br>C.丙氨酸中C、H、O、N四种元素的原子个数比是36:7:32:14<br>D.丙氨酸中氮元素的质量分数是<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/6/20BCBB2974A162837F538D9555A1F3C8.png"><br>×100%<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/7b67925fcc72403f908ad225d8cdd8b5/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/ec76bc2412cd4f17a538e6b3a0b8ec46/53276372956C451969EF9689A6F828DC.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：较易<br>下列有关醋酸的说法正确的是( )<br>A.醋酸能使石蕊溶液变蓝<br>B.醋酸可用铁制容器存放<br>C.醋酸能与碳酸氢钠溶液反应<br>D.醋酸能将试管壁附着的铜溶解<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5d84fd6c3684426fae4e2faff89babe5/06CA09E70C17EF8BA2D3B8C70D693953.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/0b7b06b6e5124a4ca17cd26888b45895/FA52F540E88ECCD38EF5CEF48F2D3DA8.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>除去下列物质中混有的少量杂质(括号内为杂质),拟定的实验方案不可行的是( )<br>A.FeCl<sub>2</sub>溶液(CuCl<sub>2</sub>)——加入过量的铁粉,过滤<br>B.KCl固体(KClO<sub>3</sub>)——加入少量的二氧化锰,并加热<br>C.CO(气体)CO<sub>2</sub>——通过足量的氢氧化钠溶液,并干燥<br>D.NaCl溶液(MgCl<sub>2</sub>)——加入过量的氢氧化钠溶液,过滤,滤液加稀盐酸至中性<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2019/f63e7f18ae4343958083a54eaafaa459/76900E09FAB5EBA344B8EA84E844FF07.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2019/d9fd428419f344578141ffd26cd78977/F614A5D9A8A48BED1933A0B81E830A17.png"><br><br>※题型：单选题※知识点：单选题※试题难度：中等<br>下列实验方案的设计中合理的是( )<br><tbody><br>实验目的<br>实验方案<br>A<br>验证某瓶气体是二氧化碳<br>用燃着的木条伸入集气瓶内,若木条熄灭,证明是二氧化碳<br>B<br>验证铁的金属活动性比铜强<br>取铁片放入试管中,加入少量稀盐酸,有气泡产生,证明铁的金属活动性比铜强<br>C<br>鉴别甲烷和一氧化碳两种气体<br>分别用导管导出点燃,用内壁附有澄清石灰水的烧杯罩在火焰上方,观察现象<br>D<br>鉴别氢氧化钠和硝酸铵两种白色粉状固体<br>分别取等量的固体样品放入盛有等量蒸馏水的小烧杯中,溶解后用温度计测量两种溶液的温度<br></tbody><br>A.A B.B C.C D.D<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/66f84209353d49f487c71275ccd8c4e8/01A39E48B8A67989A23F6887F26FCC64.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/2756da197bc249518e43797be690d55f/30CDFEDF992631CF9BC37A8ADF3067D9.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>含硫化合物在生产、生活中有着重要的用途。常见的含硫化合物有<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/4B736BC51D6271B0765018E0C83BA56C.png"><br>等。<br>1.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/E73C5C137E48537A88D6EE01A9C36B85.png"><br>读作_____。<br>2.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/B60D3231FD90AF2F69DB2F62CF28A5EF.png"><br>中S的化合价是_____。3.<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/197D1260CCB305A202CBCF180030D09F.png"><br>,则X的化学式是_____。4.①<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/B60D3231FD90AF2F69DB2F62CF28A5EF.png"><br>溶液、<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/996D81C497C6D76B4B7CF28DBC8C23D9.png"><br>溶液都能与<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/56D2A73F2531F3EB6732E1B05B2AEE20.png"><br>溶液反应,是因为<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/B60D3231FD90AF2F69DB2F62CF28A5EF.png"><br>溶液和<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/996D81C497C6D76B4B7CF28DBC8C23D9.png"><br>溶液中都含有_____。(填离子符号)<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/9E42CF50E77F090EE6DAC0ACD438CB25.png"><br>②往<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/B60D3231FD90AF2F69DB2F62CF28A5EF.png"><br>溶液中滴加NaOH溶液至恰好完全反应。如图表示该反应前后溶液中存在的主要离子,写出下列图形代表的离子(填离子符号):<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/6FD71F6309450510BC955FFCE56DD3AF.png"><br>_____<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/318A495F2203AE7D5B8C1F7D4D4043D6.png"><br>_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5836ba03d19f490e85bc6216764c9d67/7B4D4FE1FFC0057A8737EBA12E4068A9.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/a74aa865d4e347318d1322fe51922cb8/C08E3E93114381006795A428D4288772.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>如图是四种物质的溶解度曲线图,请回答下列问题。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/195A0661A00F90065B9008168F906EB2.png"><br>1.在60℃时,四种物质中溶解度最大的是_____。<br>2.80℃时,分别向都盛有100g水的四个烧杯中加入20g四种固体,充分溶解后能得到饱和溶液的是_____,a克该饱和溶液中溶质的质量是_____克(用含a的式子表示)。3.20℃将饱和硫酸铵溶液跟饱和氯化钾溶液混合,会析出硫酸钾晶体,写出该反应的化学方程式_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/9cdbb4f825f848a7ac014bf4e68e3fa7/8FD8BE94EE2B0015AE21EEB513E6163C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/291acb79ff524301a4a3186bc8de67ab/960B49B2113E7FB035990E86AFBB6981.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>以硫铁矿烧渣(主要成分为<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/81E02897460BEC9D2C34F1614A4CC31C.png"><br>、<br>FeO<br>、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/A39832F579517F16699C19C546E9769E.png"><br>)为原料,制备高纯氧化铁(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/81E02897460BEC9D2C34F1614A4CC31C.png"><br>)的生产流程示意图如下,回答下列问题:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/5C51BC9019BB977CB6CEB0C1804BE77F.png"><br>1.操作Ⅰ、操作Ⅱ的名称是_____。<br>2.写出高温时CO与硫铁矿烧渣反应生成Fe的其中一个化学方程式_____。3.滤液I的溶质是_____。4.高温煅烧时,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/FE4EAE5859C126370C7FCE478C360ED7.png"><br>与空气中的氧气反应生成两种氧化物,写出该反应的化学方程式:_____,5.8t<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/FE4EAE5859C126370C7FCE478C360ED7.png"><br>在空气中煅烧,理论上可得到_____t<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/81E02897460BEC9D2C34F1614A4CC31C.png"><br>。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/bd19e609e3d5495c8cabec2c97a12166/6012FCE3F0A136C90B63587BB5F96A1C.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6545fb891c4f4334848c793190314d53/E59BA6FB91495EFDF618874874B0EEBC.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：中等<br>甲醇(<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F7AF274542AC5B3D801B9CE8973939F9.png"><br>)可由<br>CO<br>和<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>在一定条件下反应制得。原料气(<br>CO<br>和<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>)中混有一定量的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>会对<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F7AF274542AC5B3D801B9CE8973939F9.png"><br>产率产生影响。控制其他条件相同,以<br>CO<br>、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>和<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>为原料气进行实验,数据见下表:<br><tbody><br>实验组别<br>第一组<br>第二组<br>第三组<br>原料气体积分数<br>/%<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br><br><br><br>CO<br><br><br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br><br><br><br>反应温度<br>/℃<br>225<br>235<br>250<br>225<br>235<br>250<br>225<br>235<br>250<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F7AF274542AC5B3D801B9CE8973939F9.png"><br>产率<br>/%<br>4.9<br>8.8<br>11.0<br>36.5<br>50.7<br>68.3<br>19.0<br>x<br>56.5<br></tbody><br>1.反应中涉及的物质属于有机物的是_____(填字母编号)。A<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F7AF274542AC5B3D801B9CE8973939F9.png"><br>B<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>CCO D<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/BDF900345AF09A3015F45B2669FF3895.png"><br>2.表中x的数值是_____(填字母编号)。A11 B33.1 C62.1 D68.33.分析表中数据可知,最佳的实验条件是第_____组、温度为_____℃。4.由上表数据可得出多个结论。结论一:原料气含少量<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>有利于提高<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F7AF274542AC5B3D801B9CE8973939F9.png"><br>产率,<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3AB34B1B8224706C6E4369A324ED490A.png"><br>含量过高反而会降低<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F7AF274542AC5B3D801B9CE8973939F9.png"><br>产率。结论二:_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/81b93cf7bc334a8b864981d38f2fce33/DE6ED982CE5F446D09D37A2CB804F011.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/90b258c9124b442f8b3d37b557c98ef0/7227B3853E696CA4A3C9785E23BBF17B.png"><br><br>※题型：问答题※知识点：问答题※试题难度：较易<br>下图是几个基本实验操作的示意图,请回答:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/EF2C0D59122FF44853CA53E47B274CAD.png"><br>1.实验A中仪器X的名称_____。2.实验B中能表明氢气不纯的现象是_____。3.实验C中步骤I滴加的红墨水所起的作用是_____,本实验的结论是_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/86483b8e1fa84d5f9c796d0a1c5550ab/83F3E5F0131B60BBCEA83AED996CA883.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6f90e79b60f34fdf8a587368fe45386a/D5E76F63B16CE1B58C025E804A565982.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>下图是实验室制取气体的装置,请回答下列问题。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/F276E8C82C00C4557E2BC01378D34F0D.png"><br>1.根据实验室制备气体的方法,选择恰当的发生装置(填大写字母编号)并写出反应方程式。<br><tbody><br>制取的气体<br>选用药品<br>发生装置<br>反应方程式<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>高锰酸钾<br>_____<br>_____<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>大理石和稀盐酸<br>B<br>_____<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/3FD11E2AFC06B1D240106659D73AE871.png"><br>锌粒和稀硫酸<br>_____<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/381AEBA350E11BF4A3EAA38993A2CCCB.png"><br></tbody><br>2.用过氧化氢溶液制备并收集一瓶较纯净的<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/43916A0CBDACF639905BC5CD89370C97.png"><br>,装置的连接顺序是b→_____。(填小写字母编号)<br>3.用D装置收集<img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>时验满的方法是_____。<br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/5857252eb84e4daa89554d838ee43640/83F3E5F0131B60BBCEA83AED996CA883.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/a8ed978996234021962a96ce2ff98d3d/D5E76F63B16CE1B58C025E804A565982.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>某活动<br>小组探究某种塑料袋中碳元素的质量分数,装置如下图所示:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/ABBA64B3309DCA369D4AB101FD1EFD15.png"><br>已知:<br>①<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7DB234BC8ABC7F751AB9BAA992EEF152.png"><br>液分解放出的氧气在逸出时会带出少量水蒸气。<br>②<br>碱石灰的作用是吸收<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>③<br>忽略空气对本实验的影响。<br>实验步骤如下:<br>(<br>)检查装置气密性。<br>(<br>)称量塑料袋的质量是<br>w<br>克。<br>(<br>)用<br>30%<br>的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7DB234BC8ABC7F751AB9BAA992EEF152.png"><br>溶液<br>(<br>密度为<br>1.1g/mL)<br>配制<br>110g6%<br>的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7DB234BC8ABC7F751AB9BAA992EEF152.png"><br>溶液。<br>①<br>需要<br>30%<br>的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7DB234BC8ABC7F751AB9BAA992EEF152.png"><br>溶液<br>_____g<br>②<br>配制时除了要使用<br>200mL<br>烧杯、<br>100mL<br>量筒和<br>20mL<br>量筒外,还需要的玻璃仪器有<br>_____<br>(<br>)进行实验和收集数据。<br>按图所示连接好实验装置,从装置<br>I<br>中的长颈漏斗中加入<br>110g6%<br>的<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7DB234BC8ABC7F751AB9BAA992EEF152.png"><br>溶液,通过电热丝点燃塑料袋。待塑料袋燃烧完,冷却后,装置<br>Ⅲ<br>实验后的质量比实验前增加了<br>a<br>克。则塑料中碳元素的质量分数是<br>_____<br>。(用含<br>a<br>和<br>w<br>的式子表示)<br>(<br>)实验分析。<br>①<br>装置<br>Ⅱ<br>的作用是<br>_____<br>;<br>②<br>实验中<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7DB234BC8ABC7F751AB9BAA992EEF152.png"><br>溶液需过量,其作用除了能防止装置<br>Ⅱ<br>中的液体倒吸外,还有<br>_____<br><br>答案<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/answer/2/5/2021/ae847d960eb7424b809274e074ebaa0a/70D1944E0266766C1C0174BC79B2E537.png"><br>解析<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/explain/2/5/2021/6e5fc0384dc64c6685e57411a158359f/E9240386B9F4C4CD122D8A8832369F55.png"><br><br>※题型：实验题※知识点：实验题※试题难度：中等<br>莫尔盐<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/C15774976B33F593FB3852E5D4044C0F.png"><br>溶于水后形成浅绿色溶液,请预测其化学性质,说明预测的依据,并设计实验验证。限选试剂是:<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/C15774976B33F593FB3852E5D4044C0F.png"><br>溶液、稀<br>HCl<br>、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/12F5C4AC564AD3765E56094E20CC81FF.png"><br>溶液、<br>MgCl<br>溶液、<br>NaOH<br>溶液、<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/7002435560602C62060BA723DC55D86C.png"><br>、<br>Zn<br>片、<br>Cu<br>片。<br><tbody><br>预测<br>预测的依据<br>验证预测的实验操作与预期现象<br>①<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/C15774976B33F593FB3852E5D4044C0F.png"><br>溶液能与碱反应。<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/C15774976B33F593FB3852E5D4044C0F.png"><br>溶液中含有<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/1422E8856646CB6B0C12518CC10B95DF.png"><br>取少量<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/2021/3/8/C15774976B33F593FB3852E5D4044C0F.png"><br>溶液于试管中<br>滴入<br>NaOH<br>溶液<br>如果观察到<br>_____<br>,则预测成立。<br>②<br><img src="https://picture2.zhihuicn.com/testImage/2/202"
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