meili 发表于 2022-10-19 14:05:27

英语同义词解析

<p></p><p>同义词是指意义相同的一组词语,能够分为等义词和近义词两种。小编整理的英语同义词,供参考!</p><p><strong>maybe/ may be</strong></p><p>(1) maybe是副词,意思是“大概,也许”,常用作状语。</p><p>Maybe you put it in your bag. 也许你把它放在包里了。</p><p>“Will he come tomorrow?”“Maybe not.”“他明天来吗?”“也许不”。</p><p>(2) may be相当于是情态动词may与be动词搭配一起作谓语,意思是“也许是…,可能是…”。</p><p>It may be 9:00 when they arrive. 他们可能于九点到达。</p><p>The man may be a lawyer. 那人也许是律师。</p><p><strong>borrow/ lend/ keep/ use</strong></p><p>(1) borrow表示的是从他人那里借来东西,即我们经常所说的“借进来”。</p><p>We often borrow books from our school library. 我们经常从学校图书馆借书。</p><p>I borrowed this dictionary from my teacher. 我从教师那儿借来了这本字典。</p><p>borrow是一个瞬间完成的动作,因此不能与时间段连用。</p><p>You can borrow my recorder for three days. ( 错误 )</p><p>I have borrowed this book for only one week. ( 错误 )</p><p>(2) lend表示的是把自己的东西借给他人,即我们经常所说的“借出去”。</p><p>Thank you for lending me your bike. 谢谢你把自行车借给我。</p><p>He often lends money to his brother. 他经常借钱给他弟弟。</p><p>lend与borrow一样,也是一个瞬间完成的 动作,不能与一段时间连用。</p><p>(3) keep的意思也是“借”,但一般是指借来后的保存或使用阶段,是一段持续的时间,因此能够与时间段连用。</p><p>You can keep my recorder for three days. 我的录音机你能够借用三天。</p><p>I have kept this book for only one week. 这本书我才刚借了一星期。</p><p>(4) use也能够当“借用”讲,但它的本意是“用,使用”。</p><p>May I use your ruler? 我能借你的尺子用一下吗?</p><p>He had to use this public telephone. 他不得不使用这部公用电话。</p><p><strong>leave/ leave for</strong></p><p>(1) leave意思是“离开,落下”。</p><p>We left Shanghai two years ago. 我们两年前离开了上海。</p><p>He left his cell phone in the taxi last week. 他上周把手机落在出租车里了。</p><p>(2) leave for意思是“前往”,表示要去的目的地。</p><p>We will leave for Tibet next month. 我们将于下月去西藏。</p><p>The train is leaving for Moscow. 这趟火车即将开往莫斯科。</p><p><strong>since/ for</strong></p><p>(1) since用于完成时态,既能用作介词,也能用作连词,后常接时间点,意思是“自从”。</p><p>He has been a worker since he came into this city. 自从他来到这个城市,他就是工人了。</p><p>I have never seen him since we last met in Shanghai. 自从我们上次在上海见过之后,我再也没见过他。</p><p>since作连词,还有“既然”的意思。</p><p>Since you are interested in it, just do it. 既然你对它感兴趣,那就做吧。</p><p>You can have fun now since you’ve finished your work. 既然你已经做完了功课,就开心玩会儿吧。</p><p>(2) for用于完成时,用作介词,后常接一段时间,意思是“经过…”。</p><p>I have learned English for five years. 我已经学了五年英语了。</p><p>They have waited for you for 30 minutes. 他们已经等了你三十分钟了。</p><p>for也能够用作连词,但意思是“因为”。</p><p>They missed the flight for they were late. 他们由于完到了而误了航班。</p><p>He fell ill for many reasons. 他由于多种原因病倒了。</p><p><strong>neither/ either/ both</strong></p><p>(1) neither作代词是对两者都进行否定,意思为“两者中任何一个都不”,作主语时谓语动词用单数。</p><p>Neither of the boys is from England. 这两个男孩都不是来自英国。</p><p>I know neither of them. 他们两个我都不认识。</p><p>neither用作形容词,也修整单数名词,意思与作代词时相同;用作连词时,一般与nor搭配,表示 “既不…也不”。作主语时,谓语动词也遵循就近原则。</p><p>She neither ate nor drank yesterday. 她昨天既不吃也不喝。</p><p>Neither he nor we play football on Sundays. 他和我们星期天都不踢球。</p><p>(2) either作代词时,是指两者中的任意一方都能够,故作主语时谓语动词用单数。</p><p>Either of the books is new. 这两本书任何一本都是新的。</p><p>She doesn’t like either of the films. 这两部电影她都不喜欢。</p><p>either作形容词, 用来修整单数名词,意思与作介词时相同。</p><p>Either school is near my home.(这两所学校中的)任何一所学校都离我家很近。</p><p>Either question is difficult. 两个问题(中的任何一个)都难。</p><p>either作连词时,一般与or搭配,表示两者选其一,意思是“不是…就是”。作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则。</p><p>Either he or I am right. 不是他就是我是对的。</p><p>Either my sister or my parents are coming to see me. 不是我姐姐就是我父母要来看我。</p><p>(3) both作代词时,指的是所涉及到的“两者都”, 故作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。</p><p>I like both of the stories. 这两个故事我都喜欢。</p><p>Both of my parents are teachers. 我父母两人都是教师。</p><p>both作形容词时,用来修整两者,意思与作代词时相同。</p><p>Both his arms are hurt. 他的两只胳膊都受伤了。</p><p>Both these students are good at English. 这两个学生都擅长英语。</p><p>both用作连词时,多与and搭配,表示“既…又, 不仅…而且”, 作主语时,谓语动词仍用复数形式。</p><p>Both piano and violin are my bobbies. 钢琴和小提琴都是我的爱好。</p><p>They study both history and physics. 他们既学历史,又学物理。</p><p><strong>find/look for/ find out</strong></p><p>(1) find强调找的结果,意思是“找到”。此外还有“发现,发觉”的意思,后可接宾语从句。</p><p>Jim couldn’t find his hat. 吉姆找不着帽子了。</p><p>Have you found your lost keys? 你找到丢失的钥匙了吗?</p><p>He found the lights were on along the street. 他发现沿街的灯都亮了</p><p>(2) look for的意思为“寻找”,指的是找的动作而非结果。另外,还有“盼望,期待”的意思。</p><p>She is looking for her son. 她正在找她的儿子。</p><p>We’ve been looking for the car since early this morning. 我们从今天一大早就开始找这辆车了。</p><p>I look for the coming holiday. 我期待着即将来临的假期。</p><p>(3) find out含有经过观察、研究或探索而得知的意思,后常接较抽象的事物,意思是“找出,发现,查明(真相)”等。</p><p>I can find out who took my money away. 我能查出谁拿了我的钱。</p><p>Could you find out when the plane arrives? 你能设法知道飞机何时到吗?</p><p><strong>forget to do/ forget doing</strong></p><p>(1) forget to do是指忘记去做某件事了,即该事还没有做。</p><p>Please don’t forget to call this afternoon. 今天下午不要忘了给我打电话。</p><p>I forgot to take some small change with me. 我身上忘了带零钱了。</p><p>(2) forget doing是指忘记某件已经做过的事情,即该事已经做了,但被忘记了。</p><p>He forgot telling me his address. 他忘了告诉过我地址了。</p><p>They forgot having been here before. 他们忘了以前曾来过这儿。</p><p><strong>stop doing/ stop to do</strong></p><p>(1) stop doing是指停止做某事,即doing这个动作不再继续。</p><p>They stopped debating. 他们停止了辩论。(不辩论了)</p><p>He had to stop driving as the traffic lights changed in to red. 由于交通灯变成了红色,他不得不停车。</p><p>(2) stop to do是指停下来开始做另一件事,即停止原先的事,开始做do这个动作。</p><p>She stopped to have a rest. 她停下来休息会儿。(开始休息)</p><p>They stopped to talk. 他们停下来开始交谈。</p><p><strong>except/ besides</strong></p><p>(1) except是指不包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,能够理解为“撇开…不谈”,表示两部分的不同。</p><p>Everyone is excited except me. 除我以外的每个人都很激动。(他们激动,而我却不激动)</p><p>All the visitors are Japanese except him. 除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)</p><p>(2)besides是包括后面所提人或物在内的“除了”,能够理解为“除之外…还、除之外…又”,表示两部分的相似性。</p><p>Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him. 除他以外,还有25个学生去看了电影。(他和另外25人都去了)</p><p>We like biology besides English. 除了英语外,我们还喜欢生物。(生物和英语都喜欢)</p><p>besides还可用作副词,意思是“此外;而且”,常用于句首或句尾。</p><p>He is a great thinker, and besides, he is a politician. 他是一名伟大的思想家,除此以外,他还是一位政治家。</p><p>They encouraged me, and they supported me with money, besides. 他们不仅鼓励我,而且与我以金钱上的支持。</p><p><strong>keep doing/ keep on doing</strong></p><p>(1) keep doing指的是连续地、坚持不断地做某事,中间不间断。</p><p>It kept blowing for a whole day. 刮了一整天风了。</p><p>The temperature keeps dropping. 温度持续下降。</p><p>(2) keep on doing是指反复坚持做某事,但动作之间略有间隔。</p><p>They have kept on writing to each other for many years. 他们已经互相通信多年了。</p><p>After drinking some water, he kept on talking. 喝了一些水后,他坚持讲话。</p><p><strong>seem/ look</strong></p><p>(1) seem一般着重于以客观迹象为依据,意思是“似乎、好象、看起来…”。</p><p>The baby seems to be happy. 婴儿看上去似乎很高兴。</p><p>He seemed to be sorry for that. 他似乎为那件事感到抱歉。</p><p>seem能与to do结构连用,而look不能。</p><p>It seems to rain. 似乎要下雨了。</p><p>They seemed to have finished their work. 他们似乎已经完成了工作。</p><p>在it作形式主语的句型中只能用seem。</p><p>It seems that he is quite busy now. 他现在看起来很忙。</p><p>It seems to us that there is nothing serious. 在我看来没什么大不了的。</p><p>(2) look用作“看起来;好像”时,常从物体的外观或样貌上来判断,是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。</p><p>The room looks clean. 这间房看起来很干净。</p><p>The girl looks like her mother. 那女孩看起来向她的妈妈。</p><p><strong>such/ so</strong></p><p>(1)such常用作形容词,用来修整名词。</p><p>Don’t be such a fool. 别这么傻。</p><p>He is such a clever boy. 他是如此聪明的一个男孩。</p><p>(2) so是副词,用来修整形容词或副词。</p><p>He is so kind! 他真好心!</p><p>Why did you come so late? 你为何回来得如此晚?</p><p>当名词前有many, much, few, little等表示多、少时,应该用so。</p><p>He has so many friends. 他有如此多的朋友。</p><p>Only so little time is left! 才剩这么一点儿时间!</p>
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