超级真菌可消化宇宙辐射 能自愈能自我复制
<p><span word="Scientists">Scientists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="humans">humans</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="live">live</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Mars">Mars</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="fungi">fungi</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chernobyl">Chernobyl</span> <span word="nuclear">nuclear</span> <span word="reactor">reactor</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="against">against</span> <span word="radiation">radiation</span>.</p><p>科学家称，只有利用在切尔诺贝利核反应堆中发现的真菌来防辐射，人类才能在火星上生存。</p><p><span word="According">According</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="researchers">researchers</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="layer">layer</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="fungus">fungus</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="around">around</span> 21 <span word="centimetres">centimetres</span> <span word="thick">thick</span>, <span word="could">could</span> "<span word="largely">largely</span> <span word="negate">negate</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="dose">dose</span>-<span word="equivalent">equivalent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="radiation">radiation</span> <span word="environment">environment</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="surface">surface</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Mars">Mars</span>".</p><p>研究人员称，约21厘米厚的真菌层就能“大大减少相当于火星表面辐射环境中一年的辐射量”。</p><p><span word="Nils">Nils</span> <span word="Averesch">Averesch</span>, <span word="Stanford">Stanford</span> <span word="researcher">researcher</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="co">co</span>-<span word="author">author</span> <span word="told">told</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="science">science</span> <span word="website">website</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="New">New</span> <span word="Scientist">Scientist</span>: "<span word="What">What</span> <span word="makes">makes</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fungus">fungus</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="need">need</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="grams">grams</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="out">out</span>."</p><p>这项研究的作者之一、斯坦福大学研究员<span word="Nils">Nils</span> <span word="Averesch">Averesch</span>对科学网站<span word="New">New</span> <span word="Scientist">Scientist</span>说：“这种真菌的厉害之处在于只需几克就能防辐射。”</p><p>"<span word="It">It</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="replicates">replicates</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="self">self</span>-<span word="heals">heals</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="even">even</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="there">there</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="solar">solar</span> <span word="flare">flare</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="damages">damages</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="radiation">radiation</span> <span word="shield">shield</span> <span word="significantly">significantly</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="grow">grow</span> <span word="back">back</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="days">days</span>."</p><p>“它可以自我复制和自愈，所以即使太阳耀斑严重破坏辐射防护层，几天后也能恢复如初。”</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="fungi">fungi</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="absorb">absorb</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="cosmic">cosmic</span> <span word="rays">rays</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="International">International</span> <span word="Space">Space</span> <span word="Station">Station</span> (<span word="ISS">ISS</span>). <span word="It">It</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="protect">protect</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="colonies">colonies</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Mars">Mars</span>.</p><p>这种真菌能吸收国际空间站上的有害宇宙射线，可以保护火星上未来的殖民地。</p>
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