研究：世界人口将在2064年达到峰值后开始下降
<p>科学家预测，世界人口将在2064年达到97亿的峰值，然后就开始下降，到2100年将降至88亿，包括日本、意大利在内的23个国家的人口将减少一半，全球人口结构也将发生重大变化。</p><p> <span word="Photo">Photo</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Jacek">Jacek</span> <span word="Dylag">Dylag</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Unsplash">Unsplash</span></p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="world">world</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="population">population</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="peak">peak</span> <span word="at">at</span> 9.7 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2064, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="decline">decline</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="about">about</span> 8.8 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="end">end</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="century">century</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="access">access</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="contraception">contraception</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="found">found</span>.</p><p>一项新研究发现，随着女性有更多机会接受教育和采取避孕措施，世界人口可能会在2064年达到97亿的峰值，然后会在本世纪末降到约88亿。</p><p><span word="By">By</span> 2100, 183 <span word="of">of</span> 195 <span word="countries">countries</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="fertility">fertility</span> <span word="rates">rates</span> <span word="required">required</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="maintain">maintain</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="current">current</span> <span word="population">population</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="projected">projected</span> 2.1 <span word="births">births</span> <span word="per">per</span> <span word="woman">woman</span>, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Institute">Institute</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Health">Health</span> <span word="Metrics">Metrics</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Evaluation">Evaluation</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Washington">Washington</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="School">School</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Medicine">Medicine</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p><p>华盛顿大学医学院健康指标与评估研究所的研究人员称，到2100年，195个国家中有183个国家的生育率将不足以维持现有人口，预计平均每位女性生育2.1个孩子。</p><p><span word="Some">Some</span> 23 <span word="countries">countries</span> -- <span word="including">including</span> <span word="Japan">Japan</span>, <span word="Thailand">Thailand</span>, <span word="Italy">Italy</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Spain">Spain</span> -- <span word="will">will</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="populations">populations</span> <span word="shrink">shrink</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="than">than</span> 50%, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p><p>研究人员指出，包括日本、泰国、意大利和西班牙在内的23个国家的人口将缩水超50%。</p>
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