三峡水库建成的利与弊
<p>三峡工程首要的建设目标是防洪，使荆江大堤的防洪能力由十年一遇提高到百年一遇。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="primary">primary</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="goal">goal</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Gorges">Gorges</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="flood">flood</span> <span word="control">control</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="flood">flood</span> <span word="control">control</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Jingjiang">Jingjiang</span> <span word="levee">levee</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="ten">ten</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="once">once</span> <span word="in">in</span> 100 <span word="years">years</span>.</p><p>三峡工程总装机容量1820万千瓦。年发电量达847亿千瓦时，将给沿江的工业城镇和广大地区提供廉价而清洁的电力。这是三峡工程最主要的直接经济效益，也是三峡工程建设的充分条件。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="total">total</span> <span word="installed">installed</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Gorges">Gorges</span> <span word="project">project</span> <span word="is">is</span> 18.2 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="kilowatts">kilowatts</span>. <span word="With">With</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="annual">annual</span> <span word="generating">generating</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="of">of</span> 84.7 <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="kwh">kwh</span>, <span word="it">it</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="provide">provide</span> <span word="cheap">cheap</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="clean">clean</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="industrial">industrial</span> <span word="towns">towns</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="vast">vast</span> <span word="areas">areas</span> <span word="along">along</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="river">river</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="main">main</span> <span word="direct">direct</span> <span word="economic">economic</span> <span word="benefit">benefit</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Gorges">Gorges</span> <span word="Project">Project</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sufficient">sufficient</span> <span word="condition">condition</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="construction">construction</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Gorges">Gorges</span> <span word="Project">Project</span>.</p><p>三峡水库的形成，改善了峡谷河段的航道，万吨级船队有半年时间可以直达重庆，通航能力可从现在的每年1000万吨提高到5000万吨，而且可降低航运成本30%~37%。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="formation">formation</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Three">Three</span> <span word="Gorges">Gorges</span> <span word="reservoir">reservoir</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="improved">improved</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="channel">channel</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="canyon">canyon</span> <span word="reach">reach</span>. <span word="The">The</span> 10000 <span word="ton">ton</span> <span word="fleet">fleet</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="reach">reach</span> <span word="Chongqing">Chongqing</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="half">half</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="year">year</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="navigation">navigation</span> <span word="capacity">capacity</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="current">current</span> 10 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="tons">tons</span> <span word="per">per</span> <span word="year">year</span> <span word="to">to</span> 50 <span word="million">million</span> <span word="tons">tons</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="shipping">shipping</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="reduced">reduced</span> <span word="by">by</span> 30% - 37%.</p>
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