美国“机遇”号发现火星上存在生命起源之水
<p></p><p><span word="After">After</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> 10 <span word="years">years</span> <span word="exploring">exploring</span>, <span word="NASA">NASA</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Mars">Mars</span> <span word="Exploration">Exploration</span> <span word="Rover">Rover</span> <span word="Opportunity">Opportunity</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="now">now</span> <span word="head">head</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Solander">Solander</span> <span word="Point">Point</span>.</p><p><span word="Opportunity">Opportunity</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="scientific">scientific</span> <span word="discoveries">discoveries</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="far">far</span>. <span word="Clay">Clay</span> <span word="minerals">minerals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="rock">rock</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="Esperance">Esperance</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span> <span word="indicate">indicate</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="neutral">neutral</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="flowed">flowed</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rock">rock</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="billion">billion</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="existence">existence</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="rock">rock</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="near">near</span> <span word="Endurance">Endurance</span> <span word="Crater">Crater</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="took">took</span> <span word="seven">seven</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="analyse">analyse</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="partially">partially</span> <span word="covered">covered</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Martian">Martian</span> <span word="dust">dust</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="clay">clay</span> <span word="minerals">minerals</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="montmorillonite">montmorillonite</span>. <span word="Formed">Formed</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="influence">influence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="neutral">neutral</span> <span word="water">water</span>, <span word="this">this</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="significant">significant</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="neutral">neutral</span> <span word="water">water</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="household">household</span> <span word="tap">tap</span> <span word="water">water</span>, <span word="is">is</span> <span word="thought">thought</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="conducive">conducive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="chemistry">chemistry</span> <span word="needed">needed</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="origin">origin</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="life">life</span>.</p><p><span word="Announcing">Announcing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="results">results</span>, <span word="Steve">Steve</span> <span word="Squyres">Squyres</span>, <span word="principal">principal</span> <span word="investigator">investigator</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="Opportunity">Opportunity</span>, <span word="Cornell">Cornell</span> <span word="University">University</span>, <span word="Ithaca">Ithaca</span>, <span word="N">N</span>.<span word="Y">Y</span>. <span word="said">said</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="although">although</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="talked">talked</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="finding">finding</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Opportunity">Opportunity</span>, <span word="really">really</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="sulphuric">sulphuric</span> <span word="acid">acid</span>.</p><p><span word="As">As</span> <span word="Mars">Mars</span> <span word="turned">turned</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="desert">desert</span> <span word="planet">planet</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="today">today</span>, <span word="so">so</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="became">became</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="acidic">acidic</span>. <span word="This">This</span> <span word="happened">happened</span> <span word="because">because</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="evaporation">evaporation</span>, <span word="which">which</span> <span word="left">left</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="concentration">concentration</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="minerals">minerals</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="remaining">remaining</span> <span word="water">water</span> – <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="reducing">reducing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sauce">sauce</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="richer">richer</span>.</p><p><span word="Neutral">Neutral</span> <span word="water">water</span> <span word="dates">dates</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="earlier">earlier</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="planet">planet</span>, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="rained">rained</span> <span word="frequently">frequently</span> <span word="bestowing">bestowing</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="Earth">Earth</span>-<span word="like">like</span> <span word="environment">environment</span>.</p>
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