语言能改变你我眼中的色彩
<p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="eye">eye</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="physically">physically</span> <span word="perceive">perceive</span> <span word="millions">millions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="colours">colours</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="don">don</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="recognise">recognise</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="colours">colours</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="way">way</span>. <span word="Some">Some</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="can">can</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="see">see</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="colours">colours</span> – <span word="so">so</span> <span word="called">called</span> <span word="colour">colour</span> <span word="blindness">blindness</span> – <span word="due">due</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="defect">defect</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="absence">absence</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="retina">retina</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="sensitive">sensitive</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="high">high</span> <span word="levels">levels</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="light">light</span>: <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cones">cones</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="distribution">distribution</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="density">density</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="varies">varies</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="with">with</span> '<span word="normal">normal</span> <span word="vision">vision</span>', <span word="causing">causing</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="experience">experience</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="colour">colour</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="slightly">slightly</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="ways">ways</span>.</p><p>人类的肉眼能感知上百万种色彩，却并非能一一辨别出来。有些人无法分辨色彩间的差异，俗称色盲，因为他们的视网膜中缺乏一种对波长较长的光线十分敏感的视锥细胞。不过就算不是色盲，每个人看同一种颜色时也稍有区别，因为视锥细胞的分布和密度是因人而异的。</p><p><span word="Besides">Besides</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="biological">biological</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="up">up</span>, <span word="colour">colour</span> <span word="perception">perception</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="less">less</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="interprets">interprets</span> <span word="colours">colours</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="create">create</span> <span word="something">something</span> <span word="meaningful">meaningful</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="perception">perception</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="colour">colour</span> <span word="mainly">mainly</span> <span word="occurs">occurs</span> <span word="inside">inside</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="heads">heads</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="so">so</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="subjective">subjective</span> – <span word="and">and</span> <span word="prone">prone</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="personal">personal</span> <span word="experience">experience</span>.</p><p>除了这种个体生理上对颜色的修正，人类的色彩感知不仅仅是看清外部世界到底什么样，更是关乎我们的大脑如何阐释这些色彩，以对事物分门别类，赋予意义。色彩的概念主要出现在我们的脑海中，因而是主观的，能为个人经验所左右。</p>
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