什么是机会成本?
<p><span word="Unlike">Unlike</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="costs">costs</span> <span word="discussed">discussed</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="economics">economics</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="necessarily">necessarily</span> <span word="involve">involve</span> <span word="money">money</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="any">any</span> <span word="action">action</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="simply">simply</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="action">action</span>: <span word="What">What</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="if">if</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="choice">choice</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="made">made</span>?</p><p>与经济学中讨论的大多数成本不同，机会成本并不一定涉及金钱。任何行动的机会成本都只是该行动的次优方案：如果你没有做出这个选择，你会怎么做？</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="notion">notion</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="opportunity">opportunity</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="critical">critical</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="idea">idea</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="true">true</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="anything">anything</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="sum">sum</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="things">things</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="give">give</span> <span word="up">up</span>.</p><p>所谓机会成本，其实说的是你必须为之放弃的一切以及所要付出的代价。</p><p><span word="Opportunity">Opportunity</span> <span word="cost">cost</span> <span word="considers">considers</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="next">next</span> <span word="best">best</span> <span word="alternative">alternative</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="action">action</span>, <span word="not">not</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="entire">entire</span> <span word="set">set</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="alternatives">alternatives</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="into">into</span> <span word="account">account</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="differences">differences</span> <span word="between">between</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="choices">choices</span>.</p><p>机会成本只考虑行动的下一个最佳选择，而不是全部备选方案，并且要考虑到两个选择之间的所有差异。</p>
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