【封面故事】莎翁在中国
<p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="Peking">Peking</span> <span word="Opera">Opera</span> <span word="version">version</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Hamlet">Hamlet</span> </p><p><span word="William">William</span> <span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="placed">placed</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="pedestal">pedestal</span> <span word="when">when</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="name">name</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="appeared">appeared</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="publications">publications</span> <span word="around">around</span> 1839. <span word="Great">Great</span> <span word="scholars">scholars</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="artists">artists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="since">since</span> <span word="made">made</span> <span word="numerous">numerous</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="bring">bring</span> <span word="the">the</span> "<span word="Swan">Swan</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Avon">Avon</span>" <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span>-<span word="speaking">speaking</span> <span word="audience">audience</span>. <span word="Although">Although</span> <span word="statistics">statistics</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="hard">hard</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="come">come</span> <span word="by">by</span>, <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="almost">almost</span> <span word="certain">certain</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="translated">translated</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="staged">staged</span> <span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="dramatist">dramatist</span>.</p><p><span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span> (1564-1616) <span word="who">who</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="born">born</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="date">date</span>, <span word="April">April</span> 23－<span word="now">now</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UNESCO">UNESCO</span>-<span word="anointed">anointed</span> <span word="World">World</span> <span word="Book">Book</span> <span word="Day">Day</span>－<span word="has">has</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="inspiration">inspiration</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="several">several</span> <span word="generations">generations</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="readers">readers</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="theatergoers">theatergoers</span>. (<span word="Spain">Spain</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Miguel">Miguel</span> <span word="de">de</span> <span word="Cervantes">Cervantes</span> <span word="died">died</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="April">April</span> 23, 1616; <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Tang">Tang</span> <span word="Xianzu">Xianzu</span>, <span word="arguably">arguably</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="greatest">greatest</span> <span word="dramatist">dramatist</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="author">author</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="The">The</span> <span word="Peony">Peony</span> <span word="Pavilion">Pavilion</span>, <span word="died">died</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="year">year</span>.)</p><p><span word="While">While</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="only">only</span> <span word="spotlight">spotlight</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="dozen">dozen</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="plays">plays</span>, <span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="tends">tends</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="much">much</span> <span word="wider">wider</span> <span word="focus">focus</span>. <span word="Most">Most</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="approaches">approaches</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="oriented">oriented</span> <span word="toward">toward</span> <span word="discovering">discovering</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="context">context</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="works">works</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="recreating">recreating</span> <span word="them">them</span>, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="text">text</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="stage">stage</span>, <span word="as">as</span> <span word="close">close</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="original">original</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="possible">possible</span>. <span word="Productions">Productions</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="great">great</span> <span word="emphasis">emphasis</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="replicating">replicating</span> <span word="the">the</span> "<span word="foreignness">foreignness</span>" <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="characters">characters</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sets">sets</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="translators">translators</span> <span word="spend">spend</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="trying">trying</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="figure">figure</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="render">render</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="poetic">poetic</span> <span word="forms">forms</span>, <span word="rather">rather</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="rich">rich</span> <span word="layers">layers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="meaning">meaning</span>.</p><p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="past">past</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>, <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="dramatists">dramatists</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="experimented">experimented</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="increasingly">increasingly</span> <span word="liberal">liberal</span> <span word="treatments">treatments</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Bard">Bard</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="plays">plays</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="texts">texts</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="eminent">eminent</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="theater">theater</span> <span word="director">director</span> <span word="Lin">Lin</span> <span word="Zhaohua">Zhaohua</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="said">said</span> <span word="he">he</span> "<span word="does">does</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="serve">serve</span> <span word="Shakespeare">Shakespeare</span>" <span word="when">when</span> <span word="he">he</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="plays">plays</span>. "<span word="I">I</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="my">my</span> <span word="heart">heart</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="soul">soul</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="approach">approach</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="text">text</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="myself">myself</span>," <span word="he">he</span> <span word="said">said</span>. "<span word="I">I</span> <span word="express">express</span> <span word="what">what</span> <span word="I">I</span> <span word="feel">feel</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="dramatic">dramatic</span> <span word="characters">characters</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="situations">situations</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="plays">plays</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="parts">parts</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="speak">speak</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="me">me</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="doesn">doesn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="it">it</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="comedy">comedy</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="tragedy">tragedy</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="audience">audience</span> <span word="can">can</span> <span word="interpret">interpret</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="way">way</span>."</p>
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