美国批准了首个治疗花生过敏的药
<p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="approved">approved</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="peanut">peanut</span> <span word="allergies">allergies</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="children">children</span>.</p><p>美国首次批准治疗儿童花生过敏。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="AR">AR</span>101, <span word="or">or</span> <span word="Palforzia">Palforzia</span>, <span word="uses">uses</span> <span word="oral">oral</span> <span word="immunotherapy">immunotherapy</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="children">children</span> <span word="given">given</span> <span word="tiny">tiny</span> <span word="but">but</span> <span word="increasing">increasing</span> <span word="amounts">amounts</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="peanut">peanut</span> <span word="protein">protein</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="six">six</span>-<span word="month">month</span> <span word="period">period</span> <span word="under">under</span> <span word="medical">medical</span> <span word="supervision">supervision</span>.</p><p>这个药物叫作<span word="AR">AR</span>101，或<span word="Palforzia">Palforzia</span>，采用口服免疫疗法，六个月的医学观察期内可以给儿童少量花生蛋白，并逐渐加量。</p><p><span word="After">After</span> <span word="that">that</span>, <span word="users">users</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="daily">daily</span> <span word="dose">dose</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="able">able</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="tolerate">tolerate</span> <span word="accidental">accidental</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span>.</p><p>然后，服药者必须每天坚持吃点，以便在意外接触花生时能挺住。</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="treatment">treatment</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="cure">cure</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="makers">makers</span> <span word="warn">warn</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="potentially">potentially</span> <span word="fatal">fatal</span> <span word="anaphylactic">anaphylactic</span> <span word="reaction">reaction</span> <span word="remains">remains</span>.</p><p>这一疗法不能根治，制药商警告说依然存在潜在致命过敏反应。</p><p><span word="And">And</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="must">must</span> <span word="continue">continue</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="avoid">avoid</span> <span word="peanuts">peanuts</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="diet">diet</span>.</p><p>病人饮食依旧不能含有花生。</p><p><span word="Peanuts">Peanuts</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="most">most</span> <span word="common">common</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="allergen">allergen</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="number">number</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="affected">affected</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="food">food</span> <span word="allergies">allergies</span> <span word="across">across</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="decades">decades</span>.</p><p>花生是美国最常见的食物过敏原，近些年在西方受食物过敏影响人数有所上升。</p><p><span word="While">While</span> <span word="trials">trials</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="desensitise">desensitise</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="peanut">peanut</span> <span word="allergies">allergies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="previously">previously</span> <span word="taken">taken</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="elsewhere">elsewhere</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="approved">approved</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="US">US</span> <span word="Food">Food</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="Drug">Drug</span> <span word="Administration">Administration</span> (<span word="FDA">FDA</span>). <span word="The">The</span> <span word="drug">drug</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="yet">yet</span> <span word="been">been</span> <span word="authorised">authorised</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="use">use</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="UK">UK</span>.</p>
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