为何不愉快的事难以忘怀？-英语点津
<p>为何不愉快的事难以忘怀？</p><p><span word="We">We</span> <span word="remember">remember</span> <span word="bad">bad</span> <span word="times">times</span> <span word="better">better</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="times">times</span></p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="study">study</span>, <span word="from">from</span> <span word="Boston">Boston</span> <span word="College">College</span> <span word="psychologist">psychologist</span>, <span word="Elizabeth">Elizabeth</span> <span word="Kensinger">Kensinger</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="colleagues">colleagues</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="suggested">suggested</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="we">we</span> <span word="retain">retain</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="bear">bear</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="mind">mind</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="carry">carry</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="emotional">emotional</span> <span word="burden">burden</span>.</p><p><span word="Her">Her</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="shows">shows</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="whether">whether</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="event">event</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="pleasing">pleasing</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="aversive">aversive</span> <span word="seems">seems</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="critical">critical</span> <span word="determinant">determinant</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="accuracy">accuracy</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="event">event</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="remembered">remembered</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="events">events</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="remembered">remembered</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="greater">greater</span> <span word="detail">detail</span> <span word="than">than</span> <span word="positive">positive</span> <span word="ones">ones</span>.</p><p><span word="To">To</span> <span word="substantiate">substantiate</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="theory">theory</span>, <span word="Kensinger">Kensinger</span> <span word="gives">gives</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="example">example</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="sight">sight</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="man">man</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="street">street</span> <span word="holding">holding</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="gun">gun</span>. <span word="After">After</span> <span word="seeing">seeing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="man">man</span>, <span word="people">people</span> <span word="remember">remember</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gun">gun</span> <span word="clearly">clearly</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="forget">forget</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="details">details</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="street">street</span>.</p><p><span word="Functional">Functional</span> <span word="Magnetic">Magnetic</span> <span word="Resonance">Resonance</span> <span word="Imaging">Imaging</span> (<span word="fMRI">fMRI</span>) <span word="studies">studies</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="shown">shown</span> <span word="increased">increased</span> <span word="cellular">cellular</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="emotion">emotion</span>-<span word="processing">processing</span> <span word="regions">regions</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="time">time</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="event">event</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="experienced">experienced</span>.</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="orbitofrontal">orbitofrontal</span> <span word="cortex">cortex</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="amygdala">amygdala</span>, <span word="two">two</span> <span word="emotion">emotion</span>-<span word="processing">processing</span> <span word="regions">regions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="likely">likely</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="individual">individual</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="remember">remember</span> <span word="detailsintrinsically">detailsintrinsically</span> <span word="linked">linked</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="emotional">emotional</span> <span word="aspect">aspect</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="event">event</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="exact">exact</span> <span word="appearance">appearance</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="gun">gun</span>.</p><p><span word="Kensinger">Kensinger</span> <span word="argues">argues</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="recognizing">recognizing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="effects">effects</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="negative">negative</span> <span word="emotion">emotion</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="memory">memory</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="detail">detail</span> <span word="may">may</span>, <span word="at">at</span> <span word="some">some</span> <span word="point">point</span>, <span word="save">save</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="lives">lives</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="guiding">guiding</span> <span word="our">our</span> <span word="actions">actions</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="allowing">allowing</span> <span word="us">us</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="similar">similar</span> <span word="future">future</span> <span word="occurrences">occurrences</span>.</p><p>“<span word="These">These</span> <span word="benefits">benefits</span> <span word="make">make</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="within">within</span> <span word="an">an</span> <span word="evolutionary">evolutionary</span> <span word="framework">framework</span>. <span word="It">It</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="logical">logical</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="attention">attention</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="focused">focused</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="potentially">potentially</span> <span word="threatening">threatening</span> <span word="information">information</span>,” <span word="says">says</span> <span word="Kensinger">Kensinger</span>.</p>
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