中国科学家将启动“基因编辑”技术人体试验
<p>7月21日，世界上最有名望的科学杂志之一《自然》杂志官网发出重磅消息：今年8月，中国科学家有望开展全球首个<span word="CRISPR">CRISPR</span>-<span word="Cas">Cas</span>9基因编辑临床试验治疗肺癌，试验将由四川大学华西医院肿瘤学家卢铀教授及其研究小组进行，这一临床试验已于7月6日通过了医院审查委员会的伦理审批。</p><p>请看相关报道：</p><p><span word="A">A</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Chinese">Chinese</span> <span word="scientists">scientists</span> <span word="will">will</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="world">world</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="apply">apply</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="revolutionary">revolutionary</span> <span word="gene">gene</span>-<span word="editing">editing</span> <span word="technique">technique</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="CRISPR">CRISPR</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="human">human</span> <span word="subjects">subjects</span>.</p><p>一组中国科学家将成为全球首个将具有革命意义的基因编辑技术<span word="CRISPR">CRISPR</span>用于人类被试者的团队。</p><p><span word="Led">Led</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Lu">Lu</span> <span word="You">You</span>, <span word="an">an</span> <span word="oncologist">oncologist</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Sichuan">Sichuan</span> <span word="University">University</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="West">West</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="hospital">hospital</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Chengdu">Chengdu</span>, <span word="China">China</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="team">team</span> <span word="plan">plan</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="start">start</span> <span word="testing">testing</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="modified">modified</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="Crispr">Crispr</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="patients">patients</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="lung">lung</span> <span word="cancer">cancer</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="August">August</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="journal">journal</span> <span word="Nature">Nature</span>.</p><p>《自然》杂志报道显示，该团队由四川大学华西医院肿瘤学家卢铀带领，他们计划今年8月开始在肺癌患者身上试用经过基因编辑的细胞。</p><p><span word="CRISPR">CRISPR</span>是<span word="Clustered">Clustered</span> <span word="regularly">regularly</span> <span word="interspaced">interspaced</span> <span word="short">short</span> <span word="palindromic">palindromic</span> <span word="repeats">repeats</span>（规律成簇的间隔短回文重复）的缩写形式，读音与 <span word="crisper">crisper</span>相同，这是大多数细菌和古细菌的一种天然免疫方式（<span word="immune">immune</span> <span word="system">system</span>），可用来对抗入侵的病毒及外源<span word="DNA">DNA</span>（<span word="foreign">foreign</span> <span word="genetic">genetic</span> <span word="elements">elements</span>）。</p><p>如果我们把细菌或病毒比作敌人，敌人第一次入侵的时候，我们大多情况下没有特效武器，但人体的免疫系统马上就发现这个东西和我们不是一伙儿的。如果这家伙儿没把我们弄死，活下来的我们至少记住这个坏蛋的特征了，并且产生了抗体，下次再碰到同样的敌人时，就不怕了。这样的免疫体系就是<span word="CRISPR">CRISPR</span>/<span word="Cas">Cas</span> <span word="system">system</span>。</p>
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