教育部明确6种“学术不端”情形
<p>教育部19日发布《高等学校预防与处理学术不端行为办法》，自2016年9月1日起施行。《办法》是教育部第一次以部门规章的形式对高等学校预防与处理学术不端行为做出规定。</p><p>图片请看相关报道：</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="institutions">institutions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="higher">higher</span> <span word="education">education</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="commit">commit</span> "<span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="misconduct">misconduct</span>" <span word="will">will</span> <span word="receive">receive</span> <span word="punishments">punishments</span> <span word="ranging">ranging</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="notices">notices</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="criticism">criticism</span> <span word="circulated">circulated</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="campus">campus</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="being">being</span> <span word="fired">fired</span>, <span word="according">according</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="series">series</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="regulations">regulations</span> <span word="released">released</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="Ministry">Ministry</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="Education">Education</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Tuesday">Tuesday</span>.</p><p>根据教育部19日发布的一系列规定，有学术不端行为的高等教育机构研究人员将受到校内通报批评或者开除的处罚。</p><p>“学术不端”（<span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="misconduct">misconduct</span>）的一般性界定为：高等学校及其教学科研人员、管理人员和学生，在科学研究及相关活动中发生的违反公认的学术准则、违背学术诚信的行为。</p><p>《办法》中明确的六种“学术不端”情形包括：剽窃、抄袭、侵占他人学术成果（<span word="plagiarism">plagiarism</span>），篡改他人研究成果（<span word="fabrication">fabrication</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="alteration">alteration</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="results">results</span>），伪造数据或捏造事实（<span word="data">data</span> <span word="falsification">falsification</span>），不当署名（<span word="inappropriate">inappropriate</span> <span word="authorship">authorship</span>），提供虚假学术信息（<span word="providing">providing</span> <span word="false">false</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="misleading">misleading</span> <span word="information">information</span>），买卖或代写论文（<span word="academic">academic</span> <span word="paper">paper</span> <span word="selling">selling</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="ghostwriting">ghostwriting</span>）等。同时授权高等学校可以结合学校实际，自行规定六类之外的学术不端情形。</p>
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