“主权信用评级”
<p>在19日举行的2016年中国发展高层论坛上，财政部部长楼继伟就本月初国际评级机构穆迪下调中国主权信用评级一事作出回应。</p><p><span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="Finance">Finance</span> <span word="Minister">Minister</span> <span word="Lou">Lou</span> <span word="Jiwei">Jiwei</span> <span word="speaks">speaks</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="Development">Development</span> <span word="Forum">Forum</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Beijing">Beijing</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="Sunday">Sunday</span>. [<span word="Photo">Photo</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Feng">Feng</span> <span word="Yongbin">Yongbin</span>/<span word="China">China</span> <span word="Daily">Daily</span>]</p><p>请看相关报道：</p><p><span word="Finance">Finance</span> <span word="Minister">Minister</span> <span word="Lou">Lou</span> <span word="Jiwei">Jiwei</span> <span word="fielded">fielded</span> <span word="questions">questions</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="recent">recent</span> <span word="decision">decision</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="Moody">Moody</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="downgrade">downgrade</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="sovereign">sovereign</span> <span word="debt">debt</span> <span word="rating">rating</span>, <span word="saying">saying</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="move">move</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="done">done</span> <span word="little">little</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="affect">affect</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="value">value</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="renminbi">renminbi</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="China">China</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="status">status</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="global">global</span> <span word="market">market</span> <span word="powerhouse">powerhouse</span>.</p><p>财政部部长楼继伟近日就穆迪下调中国主权信用评级的决定作出回应，他指出，下调评级并没有影响人民币的价值，也没有影响中国全球市场大国的地位。</p><p>主权债务评级（<span word="sovereign">sovereign</span> <span word="debt">debt</span> <span word="rating">rating</span>）是信用评级机构对一国政府作为债务人履行偿债责任的信用意愿与信用能力的评判，也称为主权信用评级（<span word="sovereign">sovereign</span> <span word="credit">credit</span> <span word="rating">rating</span>/ <span word="sovereign">sovereign</span> <span word="rating">rating</span>）目前主要的评级机构有惠誉、标普和穆迪。</p><p>主权债务评级可以分为长期评级（<span word="long">long</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="rating">rating</span>）和短期评级（<span word="short">short</span>-<span word="term">term</span> <span word="rating">rating</span>）。其等级一般从高到低分为<span word="AAA">AAA</span>，<span word="AA">AA</span>，<span word="A">A</span>，<span word="BBB">BBB</span>，<span word="BB">BB</span>，<span word="B">B</span>，<span word="CCC">CCC</span>，<span word="CC">CC</span>，<span word="C">C</span>。</p><p>本月初，国际评级机构穆迪将中国主权信用评级展望从“稳定”下调至“负面”（<span word="cut">cut</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="credit">credit</span> <span word="rating">rating</span> <span word="outlook">outlook</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="China">China</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="biggest">biggest</span> <span word="banks">banks</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="stable">stable</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="negative">negative</span>），确认长期信用评级为<span word="Aa">Aa</span>3，理由是政府债务增加（<span word="rising">rising</span> <span word="debts">debts</span>）、外汇储备下降及当局实施的改革存在一些不确定性。</p>
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