民航局拟治“空域拥堵”
<p>近两年来，中国航班准点率逐年下降，其中空域有限原因造成的就占到30%。为缓解这一问题，空管部门近期拟开通包括京广、京沪、沪广在内的10条单向循环大通道“治堵”。</p><p>图片 </p><p><span word="China">China</span> <span word="aims">aims</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="handle">handle</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="serious">serious</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="congestion">congestion</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="delays">delays</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="opening">opening</span> 10 <span word="one">one</span>-<span word="way">way</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="passages">passages</span>, <span word="senior">senior</span> <span word="civil">civil</span> <span word="aviation">aviation</span> <span word="officials">officials</span> <span word="said">said</span>.</p><p>中国民航官员表示，中国拟开通十条空中单向通道，以治理严重的空域拥堵和航班延误问题。</p><p>我们知道，“交通拥堵”可以用<span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="congestion">congestion</span>表示，而“空域拥堵”就可以用<span word="air">air</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="congestion">congestion</span>表示。<span word="Congestion">Congestion</span>除了表示“拥堵”以外，还可以指（身体部位）堵塞，比如<span word="nasal">nasal</span> <span word="congestion">congestion</span>（鼻塞）。</p><p>中国民航局空管局局长表示，有限的空域（<span word="limited">limited</span> <span word="airspace">airspace</span>） 以及空中交通管制专业人才的短缺（<span word="shortage">shortage</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="traffic">traffic</span> <span word="professionals">professionals</span>）导致了航班延误（<span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="delay">delay</span>）。他还指出，在现行的空域管理机制（<span word="airspace">airspace</span> <span word="management">management</span> <span word="mechanism">mechanism</span>）下，将主要通过利用现有空域资源优化航路航线（<span word="optimize">optimize</span> <span word="flight">flight</span> <span word="routes">routes</span>），增加容量，特别是以单向大通道（<span word="one">one</span>-<span word="way">way</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="passages">passages</span>）方式进行改造。</p><p>目前我国主要航路航线运行基本实行“东单西双”（往东飞的飞机使用单数的高度层，往西飞的飞机使用双数的高度层）的双向运行（<span word="two">two</span>-<span word="way">way</span> <span word="routes">routes</span>），安全运行风险较大。欧洲许多主要繁忙航路都是单向运行（<span word="one">one</span>-<span word="way">way</span> <span word="routes">routes</span>），美国也有不少案例，效果都很好。</p>
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