熬夜真的让人变傻，科学家拍下人脑睡眠全程
<p><span word="Recently">Recently</span>, <span word="Medical">Medical</span> <span word="News">News</span> <span word="Today">Today</span> <span word="reported">reported</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="specialized">specialized</span> <span word="immune">immune</span> <span word="cells">cells</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="more">more</span> <span word="active">active</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>, <span word="busy">busy</span> <span word="performing">performing</span> <span word="maintenance">maintenance</span> <span word="work">work</span>.</p><p>最近《今日医学资讯》就一项研究进行了报道，研究发现睡觉时大脑中的特异性免疫细胞更活跃，在进行繁忙的维护工作。</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="know">know</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="important">important</span> — <span word="not">not</span> <span word="just">just</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="terms">terms</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="allowing">allowing</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="reactualize">reactualize</span>, <span word="but">but</span> <span word="also">also</span> <span word="for">for</span> "<span word="making">making</span> <span word="space">space</span>" <span word="for">for</span> "<span word="cleaning">cleaning</span>" <span word="processes">processes</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="take">take</span> <span word="place">place</span>.</p><p>研究人员知道睡眠不仅对于大脑重新开始工作非常重要，而且有助于为“清理”过程“腾出空间”。</p><p><span word="However">However</span>, <span word="many">many</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="mechanisms">mechanisms</span> <span word="through">through</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="this">this</span> <span word="clearing">clearing</span> <span word="out">out</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="waste">waste</span> <span word="takes">takes</span> <span word="place">place</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span> <span word="remain">remain</span> <span word="unclear">unclear</span>.</p><p>然而人类依然不清楚大脑在睡眠期间清理大脑垃圾的很多机制。</p><p><span word="Now">Now</span>, <span word="researchers">researchers</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Boston">Boston</span> <span word="University">University</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="during">during</span> <span word="sleep">sleep</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="fluid">fluid</span> <span word="present">present</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="spinal">spinal</span> <span word="chord">chord</span> — <span word="called">called</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cerebrospinal">cerebrospinal</span> <span word="fluid">fluid</span> — <span word="washes">washes</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="out">out</span>, <span word="like">like</span> <span word="waves">waves</span>, <span word="helping">helping</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="get">get</span> <span word="rid">rid</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="accumulated">accumulated</span> <span word="metabolic">metabolic</span> "<span word="trash">trash</span>."</p><p>现在马萨诸塞州波士顿大学的研究人员发现睡眠期间存在于大脑和脊髓中的脑脊液进进出出，就像波浪一样，帮助大脑清除堆积的代谢“垃圾”。</p><p>"<span word="We">We</span>'<span word="ve">ve</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="while">while</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="these">these</span> <span word="electrical">electrical</span> <span word="waves">waves</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="activity">activity</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="neurons">neurons</span>. <span word="But">But</span> <span word="before">before</span> <span word="now">now</span>, <span word="we">we</span> <span word="didn">didn</span>'<span word="t">t</span> <span word="realize">realize</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="there">there</span> <span word="are">are</span> <span word="actually">actually</span> <span word="waves">waves</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="cerebrospinal">cerebrospinal</span> <span word="fluid">fluid</span>, <span word="too">too</span>," <span word="study">study</span> <span word="co">co</span>-<span word="author">author</span> <span word="Laura">Laura</span> <span word="Lewis">Lewis</span> <span word="explains">explains</span>.</p>
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