和吸烟一样致命的五大健康杀手
<p>近年来美国成人的吸烟率持续降低，吸烟的危害也在逐渐远离人们的生活。然而取而代之的五大健康杀手，危害一点也不比吸烟少，而且这些健康杀手就在你我的身边。</p><p><span word="Loneliness">Loneliness</span> 孤独</p><p><span word="The">The</span> <span word="growth">growth</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="media">media</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="waning">waning</span> <span word="in">in</span>-<span word="person">person</span> <span word="contact">contact</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="led">led</span> <span word="Former">Former</span> <span word="Surgeon">Surgeon</span> <span word="General">General</span> <span word="Vivek">Vivek</span> <span word="Murthy">Murthy</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="label">label</span> <span word="loneliness">loneliness</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="worldwide">worldwide</span> <span word="epidemic">epidemic</span>. <span word="And">And</span> <span word="it">it</span> <span word="could">could</span> <span word="be">be</span> <span word="lethal">lethal</span>.</p><p>曾任卫生局局长的维维克•默西认为，社交媒体的增长和面对面接触的减少让孤独成为了世界范围的流行病。而孤独可以是致命的。</p><p><span word="Julianne">Julianne</span> <span word="Holt">Holt</span>-<span word="Lunstad">Lunstad</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="professor">professor</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="psychology">psychology</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="Brigham">Brigham</span> <span word="Young">Young</span> <span word="University">University</span>, <span word="has">has</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="research">research</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="loneliness">loneliness</span> <span word="reduces">reduces</span> <span word="people">people</span>'<span word="s">s</span> <span word="life">life</span> <span word="spans">spans</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="equivalent">equivalent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="smoking">smoking</span> 15 <span word="cigarettes">cigarettes</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="day">day</span>.</p><p>杨百翰大学的心理学教授朱丽安娜•霍尔特-伦斯塔德在她的研究中发现，孤独会缩短人的寿命，其危害相当于每天抽15根烟。</p><p><span word="Sitting">Sitting</span> 久坐</p><p><span word="Sitting">Sitting</span> <span word="all">all</span> <span word="day">day</span> <span word="increases">increases</span> <span word="risk">risk</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="raft">raft</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="cancers">cancers</span>, <span word="a">a</span> 2017 <span word="study">study</span> <span word="found">found</span>.</p><p>2017年的一项研究发现，终日久坐会增加患多种癌症的风险。</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="included">included</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="meta">meta</span>-<span word="analyses">analyses</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="four">four</span> <span word="million">million</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="involving">involving</span> <span word="how">how</span> <span word="often">often</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="sat">sat</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="watch">watch</span> <span word="TV">TV</span>, <span word="do">do</span> <span word="work">work</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="commute">commute</span>.</p><p>研究人员在做荟萃分析时采集了400万人坐下来看电视、工作和通勤的时长数据。</p>
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