有一种虐待是隐形的，你根本察觉不到
<p>是的，有这样一种虐待，你通常发现不了。它在心理学上有个术语，叫 <span word="gaslighting">gaslighting</span>，直译过来是“用煤气灯照你”。</p><p><span word="Gaslighting">Gaslighting</span> <span word="is">is</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="harmful">harmful</span> <span word="form">form</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="psychological">psychological</span> <span word="abuse">abuse</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="person">person</span> <span word="or">or</span> <span word="entity">entity</span> <span word="attempts">attempts</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="gain">gain</span> <span word="power">power</span> <span word="over">over</span> <span word="others">others</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="purposely">purposely</span> <span word="making">making</span> <span word="them">them</span> <span word="question">question</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="own">own</span> <span word="recollection">recollection</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="events">events</span>, <span word="perception">perception</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="reality">reality</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="ultimately">ultimately</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="sanity">sanity</span>.</p><p>“汽灯”是一种能造成伤害的心理施虐方式，它指的是：通过故意让受害者怀疑自己对事件的记忆、怀疑自己对现实的感知、并最终让他们怀疑自己的理智，从而达到控制他们的目的。</p><p><span word="As">As</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="clinical">clinical</span> <span word="research">research</span>, <span word="literature">literature</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="political">political</span> <span word="commentary">commentary</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="term">term</span> <span word="comes">comes</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="the">the</span> 1938 <span word="Patrick">Patrick</span> <span word="Hamilton">Hamilton</span> <span word="play">play</span> “<span word="Gas">Gas</span> <span word="Light">Light</span>,” <span word="and">and</span> <span word="its">its</span> <span word="film">film</span> <span word="adaptations">adaptations</span> <span word="released">released</span> <span word="in">in</span> 1940 <span word="and">and</span> 1944, <span word="in">in</span> <span word="which">which</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="murderous">murderous</span> <span word="husband">husband</span> <span word="slowly">slowly</span> <span word="drives">drives</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wife">wife</span> <span word="insane">insane</span> <span word="by">by</span> <span word="progressively">progressively</span> <span word="dimming">dimming</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="home">home</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="gas">gas</span>-<span word="powered">powered</span> <span word="lights">lights</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="knowledge">knowledge</span>. <span word="When">When</span> <span word="his">his</span> <span word="wife">wife</span> <span word="complains">complains</span>, <span word="he">he</span> <span word="convincingly">convincingly</span> <span word="tells">tells</span> <span word="her">her</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="light">light</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="not">not</span> <span word="changed">changed</span>.</p><p><span word="Gaslight">Gaslight</span> 这个词现在已经常常出现在临床研究、文学以及政治评论里了，而它最早是出现剧作家帕特里克·汉密尔顿在1938年所创的戏剧《煤气灯下》，这部戏剧后来分别在1940年和1944年被改编成电影。在剧中，心狠手辣的丈夫瞒着妻子逐渐调暗家里的煤气灯，以此将她慢慢逼疯。当妻子抱怨家里暗的时候，他总是很笃定地告诉她家里的亮度并没有变。</p>
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