研究称空气污染可能加速大脑衰老
<p><span word="Exposure">Exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span> <span word="may">may</span> <span word="hasten">hasten</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="aging">aging</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="new">new</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="has">has</span> <span word="found">found</span>.</p><p>一项新研究发现，暴露在空气污染中可能会加速大脑衰老。</p><p><span word="Researchers">Researchers</span> <span word="studied">studied</span> 1,403 <span word="women">women</span> <span word="without">without</span> <span word="dementia">dementia</span> <span word="who">who</span> <span word="were">were</span> <span word="initially">initially</span> <span word="enrolled">enrolled</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="large">large</span> <span word="health">health</span> <span word="study">study</span> <span word="from">from</span> 1996 <span word="to">to</span> 1998. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="measured">measured</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="volume">volume</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="magnetic">magnetic</span> <span word="resonance">resonance</span> <span word="imaging">imaging</span> <span word="scans">scans</span> <span word="in">in</span> 2005 <span word="and">and</span> 2006, <span word="when">when</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="women">women</span> <span word="were">were</span> 71 <span word="to">to</span> 89.</p><p>这项研究的对象为1403名未患痴呆症的女性，她们曾在1996年至1998年间参与过另一项大型健康研究。在2005年和2006年，研究人员用磁共振成像扫描的方式，测量了这些年纪在71岁至89岁之间的女性的脑容量。</p><p><span word="Using">Using</span> <span word="residential">residential</span> <span word="histories">histories</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span> <span word="data">data</span>, <span word="they">they</span> <span word="estimated">estimated</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="air">air</span> <span word="pollution">pollution</span> <span word="from">from</span> 1999 <span word="to">to</span> 2006. <span word="They">They</span> <span word="used">used</span> <span word="data">data</span> <span word="recorded">recorded</span> <span word="at">at</span> <span word="monitoring">monitoring</span> <span word="sites">sites</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="PM">PM</span> 2.5 — <span word="tiny">tiny</span> <span word="particulate">particulate</span> <span word="matter">matter</span> <span word="that">that</span> <span word="easily">easily</span> <span word="penetrates">penetrates</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="lungs">lungs</span>.</p><p>研究人员利用居住记录和空气污染数据，对她们从1999年到2006年暴露在空气污染中的情况进行了估算。他们使用了监测<span word="PM">PM</span> 2.5的站点记录的数据。<span word="PM">PM</span> 2.5是一种容易进入肺中的微粒物。</p><p><span word="Each">Each</span> <span word="increase">increase</span> <span word="of">of</span> 3.49 <span word="micrograms">micrograms</span> <span word="per">per</span> <span word="cubic">cubic</span> <span word="centimeter">centimeter</span> <span word="cumulative">cumulative</span> <span word="exposure">exposure</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="pollutants">pollutants</span> <span word="was">was</span> <span word="associated">associated</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> 6.23 <span word="cubic">cubic</span> <span word="centimeter">centimeter</span> <span word="decrease">decrease</span> <span word="in">in</span> <span word="white">white</span> <span word="matter">matter</span>, <span word="the">the</span> <span word="equivalent">equivalent</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="one">one</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="years">years</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="brain">brain</span> <span word="aging">aging</span>. <span word="The">The</span> <span word="association">association</span> <span word="remained">remained</span> <span word="after">after</span> <span word="adjusting">adjusting</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="many">many</span> <span word="variables">variables</span>.</p>
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