老外告诉你 英音美音谁更高大上
<p><span word="In">In</span> <span word="America">America</span>, <span word="prestige">prestige</span> <span word="speaks">speaks</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="accent">accent</span>. <span word="Friendliness">Friendliness</span>, <span word="however">however</span>, <span word="sounds">sounds</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="lot">lot</span> <span word="like">like</span> <span word="you">you</span>.</p><p>在美国，人们觉得英音高大上，而美音则显得友善。</p><p><span word="Record">Record</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="variety">variety</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="people">people</span> <span word="reading">reading</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="passage">passage</span> <span word="aloud">aloud</span> —<span word="speakers">speakers</span> <span word="from">from</span> <span word="different">different</span> <span word="regions">regions</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="English">English</span>-<span word="speaking">speaking</span> <span word="world">world</span>—<span word="and">and</span> <span word="then">then</span> <span word="play">play</span> <span word="those">those</span> <span word="recordings">recordings</span> <span word="to">to</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="college">college</span> <span word="students">students</span>. <span word="Ask">Ask</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="students">students</span> <span word="for">for</span> <span word="their">their</span> <span word="first">first</span> <span word="impressions">impressions</span> <span word="about">about</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="speakers">speakers</span>. <span word="Are">Are</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="well">well</span>-<span word="educated">educated</span>? <span word="Do">Do</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="good">good</span> <span word="jobs">jobs</span>? <span word="Are">Are</span> <span word="they">they</span> <span word="funny">funny</span>? <span word="Would">Would</span> <span word="you">you</span> <span word="trust">trust</span> <span word="them">them</span>?</p><p>让来自不同英语地区的人们大声朗读同一段文章后，把录音播放给美国大学生听，并询问学生们对这些说话人的第一印象：他们是否受了良好的教育？他们是否有好的工作？他们幽默吗？你能信任他们吗？</p><p><span word="Historically">Historically</span>, <span word="with">with</span> <span word="a">a</span> <span word="big">big</span> <span word="enough">enough</span> <span word="sample">sample</span> (<span word="say">say</span>, <span word="a">a</span> <span word="few">few</span> <span word="hundred">hundred</span> <span word="people">people</span>), <span word="you">you</span> <span word="would">would</span> <span word="have">have</span> <span word="found">found</span> <span word="two">two</span> <span word="things">things</span>. <span word="First">First</span>, <span word="that">that</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="speakers">speakers</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="British">British</span> <span word="English">English</span>, <span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="upper">upper</span>-<span word="class">class</span> <span word="dialect">dialect</span> <span word="known">known</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="Received">Received</span> <span word="Pronunciation">Pronunciation</span> (<span word="RP">RP</span>, <span word="or">or</span> “<span word="the">the</span> <span word="Queen">Queen</span>’<span word="s">s</span> <span word="English">English</span>”), <span word="would">would</span> <span word="rate">rate</span> <span word="highest">highest</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="social">social</span> <span word="status">status</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="power">power</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="wealth">wealth</span>, <span word="education">education</span> <span word="level">level</span>, <span word="and">and</span> <span word="assertiveness">assertiveness</span>. <span word="Second">Second</span>, <span word="speakers">speakers</span> <span word="with">with</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="accents">accents</span> (<span word="particularly">particularly</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="same">same</span> <span word="American">American</span> <span word="accent">accent</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="the">the</span> <span word="raters">raters</span> <span word="had">had</span>) <span word="would">would</span> <span word="score">score</span> <span word="highest">highest</span> <span word="on">on</span> <span word="measures">measures</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="solidarity">solidarity</span>, <span word="such">such</span> <span word="as">as</span> <span word="friendliness">friendliness</span> <span word="and">and</span> <span word="sense">sense</span> <span word="of">of</span> <span word="humor">humor</span>.</p><p>以往，样本足够多时（比如说有几百人参与研究），你会发现两件事。首先，说英式英语的人，尤其是被称为标准发音的上流社会口音（<span word="RP">RP</span>，或者叫“女王英语”）在衡量社会地位和权利时得到的评价最高，包括财富、教育程度和自信等。其次，美式发音的人（尤其是和评价者有着同样的美式口音的人）会在测评团结程度时得分最高，比如说友善程度和幽默感。</p>
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